How Healthy Older Adults Enact Lateral Maneuvers While Walking.

Background: Walking requires frequent maneuvers to navigate changing environments with shifting goals. Humans accomplish maneuvers and simultaneously maintain balance primarily by modulating their foot placement, but a direct trade-off between these two objectives has been proposed. As older adults may rely more on foot placement to maintain lateral balance, they may be less able to adequately adapt stepping to perform lateral maneuvers.

Generalizing stepping concepts to non-straight walking.

People rarely walk in straight lines. Instead, we make frequent turns or other maneuvers. Spatiotemporal parameters fundamentally characterize gait.

Generalizing Stepping Concepts To Non-Straight Walking.

People rarely walk in straight lines. Instead, we make frequent turns or other maneuvers. Spatiotemporal parameters fundamentally characterize gait.

How Healthy Older Adults Enact Lateral Maneuvers While Walking.

Background: Walking requires frequent maneuvers to navigate changing environments with shifting goals. Humans accomplish maneuvers and simultaneously maintain balance primarily by modulating their foot placement, but a direct trade-off between these two objectives has been proposed. As older adults rely more on foot placement to maintain lateral balance, they may be less able to adequately adapt stepping to perform lateral maneuvers.

Adaptive multi-objective control explains how humans make lateral maneuvers while walking.

To successfully traverse their environment, humans often perform maneuvers to achieve desired task goals while simultaneously maintaining balance. Humans accomplish these tasks primarily by modulating their foot placements. As humans are more unstable laterally, we must better understand how humans modulate lateral foot placement.

Longer or shorter spines: Reciprocal trait evolution in stickleback via triallelic regulatory changes in .

Vertebrates have repeatedly modified skeletal structures to adapt to their environments. The threespine stickleback is an excellent system for studying skeletal modifications, as different wild populations have either increased or decreased the lengths of their prominent dorsal and pelvic spines in different freshwater environments. Here we identify a regulatory locus that has a major morphological effect on the length of stickleback dorsal and pelvic spines, which we term (major spine enhancer).

Treadmill-belt width, but not feedback from the lower visual field, influences the noise characteristics of step width time series.

Step kinematic variability, which has been associated with gait-related fall risk, is thought to be attributed to neuromotor noise. Altered neuromotor control of step kinematics would be expected to manifest as changes in the noise-related characteristics of the step kinematic time series. This study determined the effects of eliminating feedback from the lower visual field and reducing treadmill-belt width on the noise characteristics of step width time series and statistical measures of step width variability during treadmill walking.

Assessing the sustainability of advanced materials using multicriteria decision analysis and the triple bottom line.

Although advanced materials (AdMs) are beneficial in many applications, questions remain as to whether they are more or less sustainable than the conventional materials that they may replace. Currently, there is no available tool to provide clarity to these questions. Traditional approaches for evaluating the sustainability of a chemical or material are usually not standardized, and as a result, the metrics used in sustainability measurements are subjective and often vary from assessor to assessor.

Ensuring accurate estimates of step width variability during treadmill walking requires more than 400 consecutive steps.

Falls to the side are associated with significant morbidity, including increased risk of hip and radius fracture. Although step width variability, as measured by standard deviation, has been hypothesized to be associated with falls to the side, there is little supporting evidence. The extent to which such a relationship could be reliably established, however, is dependent on the accuracy with which step width, and thus step width variability, is measured.

Estimation of foot joint kinetics in three and four segment foot models using an existing proportionality scheme: Application in paediatric barefoot walking.

Recent studies which estimated foot segment kinetic patterns were found to have inconclusive data on one hand, and did not dissociate the kinetics of the chopart and lisfranc joint. The current study aimed therefore at reproducing independent, recently published three-segment foot kinetic data (Study 1) and in a second stage expand the estimation towards a four-segment model (Study 2). Concerning the reproducibility study, two recently published three segment foot models (Bruening et al.

A Novel Method of Quantifying Gait Deviations Using Plantar Pressure Patterns.

Background: Comparing the dynamic pedobarographic patterns of individuals is common practice in basic and applied research. However, this process is often time-consuming and complex, and commercially available software often lacks powerful visualization and interpretation tools.

Methods: We propose a simple method for displaying pixel-level pedobarographic deviations over time relative to a so-called reference pedobarographic pattern.

Efficacy measures associated to a plantar pressure based classification system in diabetic foot medicine.

Aims: The concept of 'classification' has, similar to many other diseases, been found to be fundamental in the field of diabetic medicine. In the current study, we aimed at determining efficacy measures of a recently published plantar pressure based classification system.

Methods: Technical efficacy of the classification system was investigated by applying a high resolution, pixel-level analysis on the normalized plantar pressure pedobarographic fields of the original experimental dataset consisting of 97 patients with diabetes and 33 persons without diabetes.

A color-code based method for the interpretation of plantar pressure measurements in clinical gait analysis.

Comparing plantar pressure measurements (PPM) of a patient following an intervention or between a reference group and a patient-group is common practice in clinical gait analysis. However, this process is often time consuming and complex, and commercially available software often lacks powerful visualization and interpretation tools. In this paper, we propose a simple method for displaying pixel-level PPM deviations relative to a so-called reference PPM pattern.

Cycling hypoxia induces a specific amplified inflammatory phenotype in endothelial cells and enhances tumor-promoting inflammation in vivo.

Abnormal architecture of the tumor blood network, as well as heterogeneous erythrocyte flow, leads to temporal fluctuations in tissue oxygen tension exposing tumor and stromal cells to cycling hypoxia. Inflammation is another feature of tumor microenvironment and is considered as a new enabling characteristic of tumor progression. As cycling hypoxia is known to participate in tumor aggressiveness, the purpose of this study was to evaluate its role in tumor-promoting inflammation.

Differential effect of hypoxia on etoposide-induced DNA damage response and p53 regulation in different cell types.

Among the main causes of cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy are p53 mutation and hypoxic tumor microenvironment. However, the effect of hypoxia can be very different from one cell type to the other. We studied the effect of hypoxia on the etoposide-induced cell death in two cancer cell lines, HepG2 and A549 cells.

Inventarisation of natural enemies in witloof chicory fields: preliminary results.

Due to residues on the witloof chicory heads the use of insecticides is forbidden during forcing. At this moment a suitable chemical control of the leafminer Napomyza cichorii is carried out in the field, based on the phenology and the population density and taking into account the economic threshold level. No chemical treatment is recognized against the root aphid Pemphigus bursarius.

Refined anaesthesia for implantation of engineered experimental aortic valves in the pulmonary artery using a right heart bypass in sheep.

The feasibility of an anaesthetic protocol developed for surgery during right heart bypass in sheep is reported. Seven female Suffolk sheep, weighing 25-35 kg, were selected for the study. Premedication consisted of midazolam and methadone (both 0.