Access to sexual health education is critical for the wellbeing of youth in out-of-home care. HEART (Health Education and Relationship Training) is an online, evidence-based sexual health program that may benefit this group of youth, but reaching youth in the child welfare system remains challenging. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing HEART within the child welfare system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Native Americans are vastly overrepresented in U.S. jails and people in rural communities face unique barriers (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS) is one of the most well-known and frequently used tools to conduct routine mental health screening at jail intake. In prior research, the BJMHS results typically have been evaluated overall (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe thymus, a central primary lymphoid organ of the immune system, plays a key role in T cell development. Surprisingly, the thymus is quite neglected with regards to standardized pathology approaches and practices for assessing structure and function. Most studies use multispectral flow cytometry to define the dynamic composition of the thymus at the cell population level, but they are limited by lack of contextual insight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF. Linking cavitation and anatomy was found to be important for predictable outcomes in focused-ultrasound blood-brain-barrier-opening and requires high resolution cavitation mapping. However, cavitation mapping techniques for planning and monitoring of therapeutic procedures either (1) do not leverage the full resolution capabilities of ultrasound imaging or (2) place constraints on the length of the therapeutic pulse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial media use is omnipresent among college students. The current study investigated how exposure to student risk-taking forms of alcohol use on social media shapes the perceptions of the prototypical student and drinking norms among students. A 2020, three time-point experiment was conducted that measured 208 (M age = 18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe emergence of resistant bacteria takes place, endangering the effectiveness of antibiotics. A reason for antibiotic resistance is the presence of lactamases that catalyze the hydrolysis of β-lactam antibiotics. An inhibitor of serine-β-lactamases such as clavulanic acid binds to the active site of the enzymes, thus solving the resistance problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: There has been much discussion around the use of both money bail and pretrial risk assessment instruments. We examine how bail and risk scores compare in terms of their associations with failure to appear in court and rearrest during the pretrial period.
Hypotheses: Our research questions included whether bail and risk scores differed between people who did and did not experience pretrial outcomes and whether pretrial scores were associated with outcomes when controlling for bail and other relevant covariates.
. Despite the development of a large number of neurologically active drugs, brain diseases are difficult to treat due to the inability of many drugs to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) blood-brain barrier opening in a site-specific manner could significantly expand the spectrum of available drug treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSexual, romantic, and intimate relationships provide opportunities for individual and interpersonal fulfillment and the enhancement of well-being. Though research has identified that consensual non-monogamy (CNM) offers unique relational benefits, little work has examined why individuals pursue CNM relationships. Both self-determination theory and self-expansion theory provide frameworks for understanding the range of intra- and interpersonal motives for choosing or negotiating a multipartnered relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntimate and sexual relationships provide opportunity for emotional and sexual fulfillment. In consensually non-monogamous (CNM) relationships, needs are dispersed among multiple partners. Using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and dyadic data from 56 CNM partnerships (112 individuals), we tested how sexual motives and need fulfillment were linked to relational outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Adolescent girls with emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBDs) have a heightened risk of negative sexual health, including HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and unplanned pregnancy. Few evidence-based sexual health interventions are available for adolescent girls with EBDs. This study tested the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a brief, online sexual health program called HEART (Health Education and Relationship Training).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdolescent opioid misuse, addiction, and overdose have emerged as national health crises. Nearly 17% of high school students have misused prescription opioids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reach and acceptability of a widely-used prescription opioid misuse prevention program, This Is (Not) About Drugs© (TINAD), and its preliminary efficacy at improving opioid misuse knowledge, opioid misuse attitudes, self-efficacy to avoid opioid misuse, and intentions to misuse opioids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActive duty military service members endure a unique constellation of stressors while deployed or at home. Yet, assessment of protective factors against these stressors among active duty service members represents an under studied area. The present study advances the assessment of protective factors through the psychometric evaluation of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) in a clinical sample of military service members in mental health or substance abuse treatment ( = 200).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to use of the SSI/SSDI Outreach, Access, and Recovery (SOAR) model with justice-involved adults.
Method: Using a modified snowball sampling strategy, we distributed an online mixed-methods survey to SOAR providers with known criminal justice collaborations. Participants were 58 providers who completed or supervised completion of SOAR applications for justice-involved adults and who represented unique agencies across 29 states.
Integrative data analysis (IDA) involves obtaining multiple datasets, scaling the data to a common metric, and jointly analyzing the data. The first step in IDA is to scale the multisample item-level data to a common metric, which is often done with multiple group item response models (MGM). With invariance constraints tested and imposed, the estimated latent variable scores from the MGM serve as an observed variable in subsequent analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEligibility criteria for participation in mental health jail diversion programs often specify that, to be diverted, a candidate must not pose a level of threat to public safety that cannot be managed in the community. Risk assessment tools were developed to increase consistency and accuracy in estimates of threat to public safety. Consequently, risk assessment tools are being used in many jurisdictions to inform decisions regarding an individual's appropriateness and eligibility for mental health jail diversion and the strategies that may be successful in mitigating risk in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS) is widely used at intake in county jails to identify detainees who may have serious mental illness and who should be referred for further mental health evaluation. The BJMHS may be administered multiple times across repeated jail bookings; however, the extent to which results may change over time is unclear. To that end, the authors examined the odds of screening positive on the BJMHS across repeated jail bookings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is considerable discussion of risks to health professionals' reputations and employment from personal social media use, though its impacts on professional credibility and the health professional-client relationship are unknown.
Objective: The aim of this study was to test the extent to which workday comments posted to health professionals' personal Facebook profiles influence their credibility and affect the professional-client relationship.
Methods: In a controlled field study, participants (members of the public) reviewed randomly assigned mock Facebook profiles of health professionals.
Objectives: Methodological limitations of extant research hinder the development of effective violence risk screening, assessment, and management strategies for adults with mental illness. This study quantifies the effects of three common limitations: (a) insensitive measurement of violence that results in violence classification with high levels of information bias, (b) use of cross-sectional data, and (c) use of data lacking spatiotemporal contiguity.
Methods: We utilize secondary data (N = 3,000 participants; N = 10,017 observations) and parametric and nonparametric bootstrap simulation methodologies.
Risk assessment instruments are typically long, costly, and resource-intensive. Thus, a short, easily administered preliminary screening tool can increase the efficiency of the subsequent violence risk assessment process. A preliminary tool can identify those at low risk of violence so that they can be screened out of the process of further violence risk assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren's understanding of rewards for task completion was examined in the context of gender, and gender-based stereotypes. Eighty-eight children (43 girls, = 58.39 months) completed a measure assessing gender-based occupational stereotypes.
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