Correlation and transport properties for mixtures at constant pressure and temperature.

Transport properties of mixtures of elements in the dense plasma regime play an important role in natural astrophysical and experimental systems, e.g., inertial confinement fusion.

Bayesian inference of x-ray diffraction spectra from warm dense matter with the one-component-plasma model.

We show that the Bayesian inference of recently measured x-ray diffraction spectra from laser-shocked aluminum [L. B. Fletcher et al.

Simple calculation of ab initio melting curves: Application to aluminum.

We present a simple, fast, and promising method to compute the melting curves of materials with ab initio molecular dynamics. It is based on the two-phase thermodynamic model of Lin et al [J. Chem.

An "education for life" requirement to promote lifelong learning in an internal medicine residency program.

Background: Lifelong learning is an integral component of practice-based learning and improvement. Physicians need to be lifelong learners to provide timely, efficient, and state-of-the-art patient care in an environment where knowledge, technology, and social requirements are rapidly changing.

Objectives: To assess graduates' self-reported perception of the usefulness of a residency program requirement to submit a narrative report describing their planned educational modalities for their future continued medical learning ("Education for Life" requirement), and to compare the modalities residents intended to use with their reported educational activities.

Improvements of the CARTE thermochemical code dedicated to the computation of properties of explosives.

In the field of detonation science or shock physics, predicting the thermo- dynamic properties and chemical compositions of detonation products of CHON systems (outcome of the decomposition of explosives) over a wide range of temperature and pressure with a very small computational cost is of great importance. Thermochemical codes such as the CARTE code use several methods published in the literature to compute the properties of these CHON systems. In this work, we evaluate the accuracy of the recently improved KLRR perturbation method and we propose a new mixing rule to reduce the fluid mixture to an effective pure fluid.

Microscopic calculations of Hugoniot curves of neat triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) and of its detonation products.

We compute the Hugoniot curves of both neat triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) and its detonation products mixture using atomistic simulation tools. To compute the Hugoniot states, we adapted our sampling constraints in average (SCA) method (Maillet et al. Appl.

Discrimination against international medical graduates in the United States residency program selection process.

Background: Available evidence suggests that international medical graduates have improved the availability of U.S. health care while maintaining academic standards.

Thermodynamic behavior of the CO2 + NO2/N2O4 mixture: a Monte Carlo simulation study.

The thermodynamic behavior of the carbon dioxide + nitrogen dioxide (CO2 + NO2) mixture was investigated using a Monte Carlo molecular simulation approach. This system is a particularly challenging one because nitrogen dioxide exists as a mixture of monomers (NO2) and dimers (N2O4) under certain pressure and temperature conditions. The chemical equilibrium between N2O4 and 2NO2 and the vapor-liquid equilibrium of CO2 + NO2/N2O4 mixtures were simulated using simultaneously the reaction ensemble and the Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (RxMC and GEMC) methods.

Does reporting estimated glomerular filtration rate affect ordering of timed urine collections?

Background: The National Kidney Foundation recommends reporting estimates of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) rather than timed urine collections. When 2 of the 3 major hospitals in our region began reporting eGFR at different times we recognized a natural experiment.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study at the 3 major hospitals in Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Molecular based equation of state for shocked liquid nitromethane.

An approach is proposed to obtain the equation of state of unreactive shocked liquid nitromethane. Unlike previous major works, this equation of state is not based on extended integration schemes [P.C.

A departmental experience in promoting oral and poster presentations.

Background: Residency programs must demonstrate resident and faculty involvement in scholarly activity. One acceptable method is delivering presentations at scientific meetings.

Description: A prospective database and retrospective search of all prior presentations.

Microscopic approaches to liquid nitromethane detonation properties.

In this paper, thermodynamic and chemical properties of nitromethane are investigated using microscopic simulations. The Hugoniot curve of the inert explosive is computed using Monte Carlo simulations with a modified version of the adaptative Erpenbeck equation of state and a recently developed intermolecular potential. Molecular dynamic simulations of nitromethane decomposition have been performed using a reactive potential, allowing the calculation of kinetic rate constants and activation energies.

Let medicine lead the way beyond the registration of clinical trials: registering hypotheses.

There has been much recent interest in improving the quality and reporting of clinical research. Major journals now require clinical trialists to register studies a priori and follow specific reporting guidelines. While best developed for randomized, controlled trials, guidelines for other study types are being developed.

Simplifying the diagnosis and management of pulseless electrical activity in adults: a qualitative review.

Objective: The algorithms provided for advanced cardiac life support by the American Heart Association and the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation for the diagnosis and treatment of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) correctly stress the importance of searching for potentially treatable causes, and suggest contributing factors that should be considered. This study sought evidence to support the factors that they mention in the algorithms.

Data Source: Human and animal studies in MEDLINE.

Residency applicants misinterpret their United States Medical Licensing Exam Scores.

Proper interpretation of the results of the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) is important for program directors, residents, and faculty who advise applicants about applying for residency positions. We suspected that applicants often misinterpreted their performance in relationship to others who took the same examination. In 2005, 54 consecutive applicants to the University of Tennessee, College of Medicine internal medicine residency program were asked to complete a brief survey about their performance on Parts 1 and 2 of the USMLE exam.

Molecular simulations of Hugoniots of detonation product mixtures at chemical equilibrium: microscopic calculation of the Chapman-Jouguet state.

In this work, we used simultaneously the reaction ensemble Monte Carlo (ReMC) method and the adaptive Erpenbeck equation of state (AE-EOS) method to directly calculate the thermodynamic and chemical equilibria of mixtures of detonation products on the Hugoniot curve. The ReMC method [W. R.

The effect of local defects on water adsorption in silicalite-1 zeolite: a joint experimental and molecular simulation study.

We report a joint experimental and molecular simulation study of water condensation in silicalite-1 zeolite. A sample was synthesized using the fluoride route and was found to contain essentially no defects. A second sample synthesized using the hydroxide route was found to contain a small amount of silanol groups.

The reporting of statistics in medical educational studies: an observational study.

Background: There is confusion in the medical literature as to whether statistics should be reported in survey studies that query an entire population, as is often done in educational studies. Our objective was to determine how often statistical tests have been reported in such articles in two prominent journals that publish these types of studies.

Methods: For this observational study, we used electronic searching to identify all survey studies published in Academic Medicine and the Journal of General Internal Medicine in which an entire population was studied.

The simultaneous occurrence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary and arterial embolization.

Introduction: A 45-year-old female presented with 8 hours of right lower extremity pain and dyspnea. She was tachycardic and her right lower extremity was dusky, cold, and pulseless.

Discussion: Computerized tomography of the venous and arterial systems revealed massive pulmonary embolism and right lower extremity arterial and left lower extremity venous thromboses.

The Merci Retrieval System for acute stroke: the Southeast Regional Stroke Center experience.

Introduction: The Merci Retrieval System was cleared for use in patients with stroke in August 2004. However, there are few published results of "real world experience" with the device.

Methods: We captured single-center data on 25 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with the Merci Retrieval System according to the MERCI trial except that we treated some patients with tandem proximal carotid and intracranial lesions with carotid angioplasty and stenting and some patients were treated within the 3-hour window.

Internal medicine residents do not accurately assess their medical knowledge.

Background: Medical knowledge is essential for appropriate patient care; however, the accuracy of internal medicine (IM) residents' assessment of their medical knowledge is unknown.

Methods: IM residents predicted their overall percentile performance 1 week (on average) before and after taking the in-training exam (ITE), an objective and well accepted method to assess medical knowledge to study resident assessment accuracy. Ordinary least squares regression was used to study the association between the absolute accuracy of their predictions of their percentile performance on the ITE examination and their actual percentile performance.