Carbon Nanofiber-Sodium Alginate Composite Aerogels Loaded with Vitamin D: The Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects on Colon Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. A substantial body of literature supports the crucial role of vitamin D (VD) in the etiology, progression, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. Recent clinical studies have found an inverse correlation between CRC incidence and serum VD levels.

Effects of dapagliflozin in experimental sepsis model in rats.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of dapagliflozin in an experimental sepsis model in rats.

Methods: Saline (1 mL/kg, p.o.

Functional and structural changes of the urinary bladder following spinal cord injury; treatment with alpha lipoic acid.

Background & Aim: Alpha lipoic acid (LA) was shown to exert neuroprotection in trauma-induced spinal cord injury (SCI), which is frequently associated with urinary bladder complaints in patients with SCI. Accordingly, the protective effects of LA on biochemical and histological changes in bladder as well as functional studies were assessed.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided as control, SCI, and LA (50 mg/kg/day, ip) treated SCI groups (SCI+LA).

Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of novel 2-(4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetamide derivatives as inducers of apoptosis in cancer cells.

In this study, a series of thiosemicarbazide derivatives 12-14, 1,2,4-triazol-3-thione derivatives 15-17 and compounds bearing 2-(4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetamide structure 18-32 have been synthesized starting from phenolic compounds such as 2-naphthol, paracetamol and thymol. Structures and purity of the target compounds were confirmed by the use of their chromatographic and spectral data besides microanalysis. All of the synthesized new compounds 12-32 were evaluated for their anti-HIV activity.

Nesfatin-1 improves oxidative skin injury in normoglycemic or hyperglycemic rats.

Hyperglycemia is one of the major causes of suppressed angiogenesis and impaired wound healing leading to chronic wounds. Nesfatin-1 a novel peptide was reported to have antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. This study is aimed to investigate the potential healing-promoting effects of nesfatin-1 in non-diabetic or diabetic rats with surgical wounds.

Synthesis of Diflunisal Thiazolidinones as Anticancer Agents.

A series of diflunisal 4-thiazolidinones were synthesized. Some selected compounds were determined at one dose towards the full panel of 60 human cancer cell lines by National Cancer Institute. 2',4'-Difluoro-4-hydroxy-N-[4-oxo-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]biphenyl- 3-carboxamide (4a) demonstrated the most marked effect on K-562 cancer cell line with 58.

Synthesis of Tolmetin Hydrazide-Hydrazones and Discovery of a Potent Apoptosis Inducer in Colon Cancer Cells.

Tolmetin hydrazide and a novel series of tolmetin hydrazide-hydrazones 4a-l were synthesized in this study. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectral (FT-IR, (1)H NMR) methods. N'-[(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)methylidene]-2-[1-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzoyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]acetohydrazide (4g) was evaluated in vitro using the MTT colorimetric method against the colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 (ATCC, CCL-247) and HT-29 (ATCC, HTB-38) to determine growth inhibition and cell viability at different doses.

Ovarian stem cells: From basic to clinical applications.

The field of reproductive biology has undergone significant developments in the last decade. The notion that there is a fixed reserve pool of oocytes before birth was established by Zuckerman in 1951. However, in 2004, an article published in nature challenged this central dogma of mammalian reproductive biology.

Captopril protects against burn-induced cardiopulmonary injury in rats.

Background: This study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of captopril treatment against oxidative damage in heart and lung tissues induced by burn injury.

Methods: Under ether anesthesia, the shaved dorsum of Wistar albino rats was exposed to 90°C water bath for 10 seconds. Captopril was administered intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg) after the burn injury and repeated twice daily.

Obestatin alleviates subarachnoid haemorrhage-induced oxidative injury in rats via its anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the putative anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect of obestatin in a rat model of subarachnoidal haemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: To induce SAH, rats were injected with 0.3 mL blood into their cisterna magna.

Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and pro-apoptosis activity of etodolac hydrazide derivatives as anticancer agents.

Etodolac hydrazide and a novel series of etodolac hydrazide-hydrazones 3-15 and etodolac 4-thiazolidinones 16-26 were synthesized in this study. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectral (FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, HREI-MS) methods. Some selected compounds were determined at one dose toward the full panel of 60 human cancer cell lines by the National Cancer Institute (NCI, Bethesda, USA).

Melatonin protects against ischemic heart failure in rats.

Ischemic injury, which occurs as a result of sympathetic hyperactivity, plays an important role in heart failure. Melatonin is thought to have antiatherogenic, antioxidant, and vasodilatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether melatonin protects against ischemic heart failure (HF).

Synthesis and characterization of celecoxib derivatives as possible anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-HCV agents.

A series of novel N-(3-substituted aryl/alkyl-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene)-4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamides 2a-e were synthesized by the addition of ethyl a-bromoacetate and anhydrous sodium acetate in dry ethanol to N-(substituted aryl/alkylcarbamothioyl)-4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoro-methyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzene sulfonamides 1a-e, which were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl/aryl isothiocyanates with celecoxib. The structures of the isolated products were determined by spectral methods and their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activities evaluated. The compounds were also tested for gastric toxicity and selected compound 1a was screened for its anticancer activity against 60 human tumor cell lines.

Melatonin treatment protects against spinal cord injury induced functional and biochemical changes in rat urinary bladder.

Oxidative stress induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) has deleterious effects on the function of several organ systems including the urinary bladder. In this study, we investigated the possible protective actions of melatonin on SCI-induced oxidative damage and urinary bladder dysfunction. Wistar albino rats (n = 24) were divided randomly as control, vehicle- or melatonin (10 mg/kg, ip)-treated SCI groups.

The novel function of nesfatin-1 as an anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic peptide in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage in rats.

Background: There is substantial evidence to suggest that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of acute brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Objective: To investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of nesfatin-1, a novel peptide with anorexigenic properties, in a rat model of SAH.

Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into control, saline-treated SAH, and nesfatin-1 (10 μg/kg IP)-treated SAH groups.

Exogenous L-arginine and HDL can alter LDL and ox-LDL-mediated platelet activation: using platelet P-selectin receptor numbers.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of exogenous L-arginine and HDL on LDL and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL)-mediated platelet activation. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-activated platelets have been incubated with lipoproteins with or without L-arginine. P-selectin receptor numbers per platelet have been measured by flow cytometry.

New in vitro effects of clopidogrel on platelets in hyperlipidemic and healthy subjects.

Objective: We aimed to detect novel in vitro effects of clopidogrel on platelets by assessment of the following parameters: malondialdehyde, glutathione, nitrite, aggregation response, and expressions of P-selectin, fibrinogen, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and phosphatidylserine.

Methods: Platelets were obtained from healthy (n: 9) and hyperlipidemic (n: 9) volunteers. Expressions of P-selectin, fibrinogen, apolipoproteins A1/B and phosphatidylserine with and without clopidogrel were assayed by flow cytometry.

Do platelet apoptosis, activation, aggregation, lipid peroxidation and platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation occur simultaneously in hyperlipidemia?

Objectives: The circulating lipoproteins may cause some abnormalities in platelet composition and function in hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether platelet apoptosis, platelet activation, platelet aggregation, platelet-leukocyte aggregate (PLA) formation and lipid peroxidation occur simultaneously in hyperlipidemia.

Design And Methods: Expression of GpIIb/IIIa (CD41a), P-selectin (CD62-P), platelet-bound fibrinogen (antifibrinogen), platelet membrane phosphatidylserine (PS), platelet-monocyte aggregates (mono-PLA) and platelet-neutrophil aggregates (neut-PLA) was measured in eight hyperlipidemic and eight normal subjects using flow cytometry.

Flow cytometric assay of platelet glycoprotein receptor numbers in hypercholesterolemia.

In this study, platelet glycoprotein (Gp) receptor numbers were measured by a flow cytometric assay using Cytoquant Gp in seven hypercholesterolemic and five normal subjects. Thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP) was used to activate platelets. In hypercholesterolemia the Gp receptor numbers per resting platelet were found to be: 38,629 +/- 8,538 (GpIIb/IIIa), 22,269 +/- 5,628 (GpIb), 37,037 +/- 9,810 (GpIIIa), 224 +/- 504 (CD62-P).