Lead induced disorders of lipid metabolism and glycometabolism in the liver of developmental Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) via inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

The lead (Pb) contamination is considered a lethal threat to birds. However, Pb-induced hepatotoxicology especially its impacts on metabolic processes in the liver of birds is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we tried to determine the toxicological effects of Pb exposure on hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism via Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway by using an animal model- Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).