Targeting the Highly Conserved 3' Untranslated Region of Iris Severe Mosaic Virus for Sensitive Monitoring of the Disease Prevalence in Iris Production.

Iris severe mosaic virus (ISMV, ) can threaten the sustainability of iris production and the marketability of the plants. Effective intervention and control strategies require rapid and early detection of viral infections. The wide range of viral symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe chlorosis of the leaves, renders diagnosis solely based on visual indicators ineffective.

Detection of rare nematode resistance Rhg1 haplotypes in Glycine soja and a novel Rhg1 α-SNAP.

This study pursued the hypothesis that wild plant germplasm accessions carrying alleles of interest can be identified using available single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes for particular alleles of other (unlinked) genes that contribute to the trait of interest. The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines [HG]) resistance locus Rhg1 is widely used in farmed soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.

The ( low-copy) nematode resistance source harbors a copia-family retrotransposon within the encoded α-SNAP gene.

Soybean growers widely use the Resistance to 1 () locus to reduce yield losses caused by soybean cyst nematode (SCN). is a tandemly repeated four gene block. Two classes of SCN resistance-conferring haplotypes are recognized: ("Peking-type," low-copy number, three or fewer repeats) and ("PI 88788-type," high-copy number, four or more repeats).

An atypical N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor enables the viability of nematode-resistant soybeans.

N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) and α-soluble NSF attachment protein (α-SNAP) are essential eukaryotic housekeeping proteins that cooperatively function to sustain vesicular trafficking. The "resistance to 1" () locus of soybean () confers resistance to soybean cyst nematode, a highly damaging soybean pest. loci encode repeat copies of atypical α-SNAP proteins that are defective in promoting NSF function and are cytotoxic in certain contexts.

Structurally distinct Arabidopsis thaliana NLR immune receptors recognize tandem WY domains of an oomycete effector.

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR, or NLR) receptors mediate pathogen recognition. The Arabidopsis thaliana NLR RPP1 recognizes the tandem WY-domain effector ATR1 from the oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis through direct association with C-terminal LRRs. We isolated and characterized homologous NLR genes RPP1-EstA and RPP1-ZdrA from two Arabidopsis ecotypes, Estland (Est-1) and Zdarec (Zdr-1), responsible for recognizing a novel spectrum of ATR1 alleles.