Measurement Position Influences Sex Comparisons of Distal Femoral Cartilage Thickness With Ultrasound Imaging.

The purpose was to examine (1) the effect of measurement position and sex on femoral cartilage outcomes, and (2) the association between gait biomechanics and cartilage outcomes. Fifty individuals participated (25 males and 25 females; age = 20.62 [1.

Lower extremity joint angle, moment, and coordination throughout a double limb drop vertical jump in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) utilise different landing biomechanics between limbs, but previous analyses have not considered the continuous or simultaneous joint motion that occurs during landing and propulsion. The purpose of this study was to compare sagittal plane ankle/knee and knee/hip coordination patterns as well as ankle, knee, and hip angles and moments and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) between the ACLR and uninjured limbs during landing and propulsion. Fifteen females and thirteen males performed a drop vertical jump from a 30 cm box placed half their height from force platforms.

Lower extremity and trunk sagittal plane coordination strategies and kinetic distribution during landing in males and females.

Force attenuation during landing requires coordinated motion of the ankle, knee, hip, and trunk, and strategies may differ between sexes. Sagittal plane coordination of the ankle/knee, knee/hip, and knee/trunk, and lower extremity and trunk kinematics and kinetics was compared throughout landing between 28 males and 28 females. Coordination was assessed with a modified vector coding technique and binning analysis.

The Influence of Knee Position on Ultrasound Imaging of Femoral Cartilage in Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Articular cartilage is important for knee function and can be imaged using ultrasound. The purpose was to compare femoral cartilage thickness and echo intensity (EI) measured at 90° and 140° of knee flexion and between limbs in a cohort with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). We also examined associations between gait biomechanics and cartilage outcomes.

Injury and performance related biomechanical differences between recreational and collegiate runners.

Introduction: Running related injuries (RRI) are common, but factors contributing to running performance and RRIs are not commonly compared between different types of runners.

Methods: We compared running biomechanics previously linked to RRIs and performance between 27 recreational and 35 collegiate runners. Participants completed 5 overground running trials with their dominant limb striking a force plate, while outfitted with standardised footwear and 3-dimensional motion capture markers.

Cartilage deformation following a walking bout in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

The purpose was to (1) compare the effect of a walking bout on femoral cartilage deformation between limbs with and without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and (2) examine the association between gait kinetics and the magnitude of cartilage deformation. A total of 30 individuals with primary unilateral ACLR completed this study [14 male, 16 female; age = 22.57 (3.

Bone mineral density and its relationship with ground reaction force characteristics during gait in young adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Introduction: The incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis is of concern in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Walking generates reaction forces that could stimulate bone mineralization and is popular in people with PWS. This study compared bone parameters and ground reaction forces (GRF) during gait between young adults with PWS and without PWS and explored associations between bone and GRFs during gait.

Contributing factors to postural stability in Prader-Willi syndrome.

Background: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder affecting multiple functional parameters. This study examined postural stability and associated gait and neuromuscular factors in young adults with PWS.

Methods: Participants included 10 adults with PWS [7 M/3F; Body Fat % 40.

Lower extremity coordination strategies to mitigate dynamic knee valgus during landing in males and females.

Frontal and sagittal plane landing biomechanics differ between sexes but reported values don't account for simultaneous segment or joint motion necessary for a coordinated landing. Frontal and sagittal plane coordination patterns, angles, and moments were compared between 28 males and 28 females throughout the landing phase of a drop vertical jump. Females landed with less isolated thigh abduction (p = 0.

Joint and Limb Loading during Gait in Adults with ACL Reconstruction: Comparison between Single-Step and Cumulative Load Metrics.

Purpose: Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) generally exhibit limb underloading behaviors during walking, but most research focuses on per-step comparisons. Cumulative loading metrics offer unique insight into joint loading as magnitude, duration, and total steps are considered, but few studies have evaluated if cumulative loads are altered post-ACLR. Here, we evaluated if underloading behaviors are apparent in ACLR limbs when using cumulative load metrics and how load metrics change in response to walking speed modifications.

Sex-Specific associations between hip muscle strength and foot progression angle.

The foot progression angle (FPA) influences knee loading during gait, but its determinants are unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare FPA between males and females and also examine the association between lower extremity kinematics during gait, hip strength, and the FPA. 25 males and 25 females completed 5 gait trials while FPA and frontal and transverse plane hip and knee angles were calculated from the dominant limb during the foot flat portion of stance.

Influence of body mass index and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on gait biomechanics.

Body mass index (BMI) and history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) independently influence gait biomechanics and knee osteoarthritis risk, but the interaction between these factors is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare gait biomechanics between individuals with and without ACLR, and with and without overweight/obesity. We examined 104 individuals divided into four groups: with and without ACLR, and with low or high BMI (n = 26 per group).

Lower extremity coordination and joint kinetic distribution during gait in adults with and without Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) have reduced mobility, which may be due to altered gait biomechanics. This study compared lower extremity intersegmental coordination and joint kinetics in adults with and without PWS. Walking biomechanics were evaluated in 10 adults with PWS and 10 controls without and 10 with obesity.

Association Between the Functional Movement Screen and Landing Kinematics in Individuals With and Without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare functional movement screen (FMS) scores and drop vertical jump (DVJ) kinematics between those with and without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and to evaluate the association between FMS composite score and DVJ kinematics.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Participants: Sixty individuals with and without a history of ACLR.

Comparison of Lower Extremity Kinematics during the Overhead Deep Squat by Functional Movement Screen Score.

It is unclear if the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) scoring criteria identify kinematics that have been associated with lower extremity injury risk. The purpose was to compare lower extremity kinematics of the overhead deep squat (OHDS) during the FMS between individuals who were grouped on FMS scoring. Forty-five adults who were free of injury and without knowledge of the FMS or its scoring criteria (males = 19, females = 26 height = 1.

Association between quadriceps function, joint kinetics, and spatiotemporal gait parameters in young adults with and without obesity.

Background: Individuals with obesity have impaired gait and muscle function that may contribute to reduced mobility and increased fall risk.

Research Questions: (1) what is the difference in spatiotemporal gait parameters and joint kinetics between individuals with and without obesity; (2) what is the association between spatiotemporal gait parameters, joint kinetics, and quadriceps function?

Methods: Forty-eight young adults with obesity (BMI = 33.0 ± 4.

Drop Landing Biomechanics in Individuals With and Without a Concussion History.

Research has identified an increased risk of lower extremity injury postconcussion, which may be due to aberrant biomechanics during dynamic tasks. The purpose of this study was to compare the drop landing biomechanics between individuals with and without a concussion history. Twenty-five individuals with and 25 without a concussion history were matched on age (±3 y), sex, and body mass index (±1 kg/m2).

Running kinetics and femoral trochlea cartilage characteristics in recreational and collegiate distance runners.

Recreational running can benefit knee cartilage, but the relationship between competitive running and knee cartilage is unclear. We compared femoral cartilage between collegiate runners, recreational runners, and controls; and evaluated the association between running amount, running kinetics and femoral cartilage characteristics. Thirty collegiate runners, 30 recreational runners, and 30 controls completed ultrasound imaging of the femoral cartilage and running gait analysis.

Association Between Knee- and Hip-Extensor Strength and Running-Related Injury Biomechanics in Collegiate Distance Runners.

Context: Running-related injuries are common in distance runners. Strength training is used for performance enhancement and injury prevention. However, the association between maximal strength and distance-running biomechanics is unclear.

The influence of body mass index and sex on frontal and sagittal plane knee mechanics during walking in young adults.

Background: Obesity and female sex are independent risk factors for knee osteoarthritis and also influence gait mechanics. However, the interaction between obesity and sex on gait mechanics is unclear, which may have implications for tailored gait modification strategies.

Research Question: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of obesity and sex on sagittal and frontal plane knee mechanics during gait in young adults.

Plantar Flexor Function in Adults with and without Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Purpose: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a form of congenital obesity characterized by excessive body fat, hypotonia, muscle weakness, and physical/cognitive disability. However, the sources of muscle dysfunction and their contribution to mobility are unclear. The purposes of this study were to 1) compare plantar flexor function between adults with and without PWS; and 2) to examine the relationship between plantar flexor function and gait speed in adults with PWS.