Elevated [CO] and temperature augment gas exchange and shift the fitness landscape in a montane forb.

Climate change is simultaneously increasing carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO]) and temperature. These factors could interact to influence plant physiology and performance. Alternatively, increased [CO] may offset costs associated with elevated temperatures.

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover.

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors.

Review: Plant eco-evolutionary responses to climate change: Emerging directions.

Contemporary climate change is exposing plant populations to novel combinations of temperatures, drought stress, [CO] and other abiotic and biotic conditions. These changes are rapidly disrupting the evolutionary dynamics of plants. Despite the multifactorial nature of climate change, most studies typically manipulate only one climatic factor.

Ocular side effects of target therapy and immunotherapy in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Purpose: To examine the nature and frequency of ocular side effects due to systemic target therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors as well as immunotherapy with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM).

Design: While proven effective in cancer treatment, target therapy and immunotherapy have been associated with ocular side effects likely due to their ability to alter the immune privilege of the eye. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing target and immunotherapy for CMM and documented all associated eye findings.

Small spaces, big impacts: contributions of micro-environmental variation to population persistence under climate change.

Individuals within natural populations can experience very different abiotic and biotic conditions across small spatial scales owing to microtopography and other micro-environmental gradients. Ecological and evolutionary studies often ignore the effects of micro-environment on plant population and community dynamics. Here, we explore the extent to which fine-grained variation in abiotic and biotic conditions contributes to within-population variation in trait expression and genetic diversity in natural plant populations.

Natural history collections document biological responses to climate change: A commentary on DeLeo et al. (2019), Effects of two centuries of global environmental variation on phenology and physiology of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Natural history collections can complement and enhance our research programs in a variety of ways. DeLeo et al. (2019) used herbarium records to study the changes in physiology and phenology in Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae) due to contemporary climate change.