Analgesic efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a minimally invasive surgery, it can cause moderate to severe postoperative pain. Erector spinae plane (ESP) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are considered effective means for pain management in such cases; however, there is inconclusive evidence regarding their analgesic efficacy. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of ESP block and TAP block for pain control in LC.

Association between the stage of labour during caesarean delivery with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes among referred mothers to tertiary centres in resource-limited settings.

Objective: Although the caesarean delivery (CD) rate has substantially increased, little is known about its impacts when performed in the first and second stages of labour on fetomaternal outcomes, especially among referred mothers. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between CDs performed during the first and second stages of labour and poor maternal and neonatal outcomes among mothers referred to tertiary centres.

Setting: This retrospective cohort study analysed medical records of mother-infant pairs from September 2020 to May 2023 in Southern Ethiopia.

Exploring factors influencing skin incision to the delivery time and their impact on neonatal outcomes among emergency cesarean deliveries indicated for non-reassured fetal heart rate status.

Background: The time interval between skin incision and delivery (S-D) is crucial in determining neonatal outcome; however, little is known about the influencing factors and their impact on neonatal outcomes, particularly among emergency cesarean deliveries (ECD) indicated for fetal distress. This study investigated the factors influencing S-D time and their effects on neonatal outcomes among mothers who underwent ECD for non-reassured fetal heart rate status.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 426 mother-infant pairs over four years.

Determinants of term premature rupture of membrane: case-control study in Saint Paul's Millennium Medical College Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: The term premature rupture of the membranes is the rupture of the membranes before the onset of labor beyond 37 weeks of gestation. Several factors, including obstetric, gynecologic, socioeconomic, and medical, are identified as potential risk factors. This clinical event has detrimental maternal and neonatal complications.

Preterm Birth Among Intrapartum Cesarean Deliveries at Public Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors.

Purpose: Although the underlying causes for preterm birth are thought to be multifactorial irrespective of delivery mode, no study investigated its risk factors amongst cesarean deliveries (CD). Thus, we aimed to identify potential risk factors for the occurrence of preterm birth (PTB) among intrapartum CD.

Methods: Data from 1659 singleton intrapartum CDs were retrospectively recruited using medical records and an obstetric database.

Prevalence and predictors of postpartum anemia after caesarean delivery in Ethiopia: A retrospective analysis of risk factors.

Background: Despite the burden of anemia during pregnancy has been extensively studied, the magnitude of postpartum anemia (PPA) and its predictors, especially after caesarean delivery remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of postpartum anemia, and its predictors among women who underwent cesarean delivery.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among women who underwent caesarean delivery in Southern Ethiopia.

The incidence and determinants of the meconium-aspiration syndrome among mothers with meconium-stained amniotic fluid after emergency cesarean section: A prospective cross-sectional study in a specialized hospital, south Ethiopia.

Background: Meconium aspiration syndrome is respiratory distress diagnosed in neonates delivered with meconium-stained amniotic fluid that is unexplained by other pathologies. It has severe neonatal respiratory complications and a significant impact on the prevalence of neonatal mortality.

Objective: To identify the incidence and determinants associated with meconium aspiration syndrome among mothers with meconium-stained amniotic fluid after emergency cesarean section in Wolkite University specialized hospitals in Ethiopia from September 1, 2021, to August 30, 2022.

Incidence and predictors of severe postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean delivery in South Central Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.

Severe postpartum hemorrhage is an obstetric emergency that needs immediate intervention and is a leading cause of maternal death. Despite its significant health burden, little is known, about its magnitude and risk factors, especially after cesarean delivery in Ethiopia. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and predictors of severe postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean section.

Case-control study on determinants of uterine rupture among mothers who gave birth at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized hospital.

Background: Uterine rupture is defined as tearing of the uterine wall during pregnancy or delivery. It can occur during pregnancy or labor and delivery. Rupture of the uterus is a catastrophic event resulting in the death of the baby, and severe maternal morbidity and mortality Despite different interventions done by stakeholders, it remained one of the leading public problems in developing countries like Ethiopia.

Incidence of extubation failure and its predictors among adult patients in intensive care unit of low-resource setting: A prospective observational study.

Background: Previous studies have found an association between various predictors and extubation failure (EF) in intensive care units (ICUs). However, this problem remains unexplored in low-resource settings, where predicting the extubation outcomes are more challenging. This study investigates the incidence of EF and its predictors among patients who received mechanical ventilation (MV).

Predictors and management outcomes of perforated appendicitis in sub-Saharan African countries: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have found an association between various predictors and perforated appendicitis. However, there is limited evidence of studies determining the severity of acute appendicitis (AA) in resource-limited settings. Thus, this study aimed to identify predictors and outcomes of perforated appendicitis (PA) in sub-Saharan countries.

Management of patient presenting with breast fibroadenoma and medullary thyroid cancer in a young male: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction And Importance: Fibroadenoma of the male breast is a rarely diagnosed lesion that often occurs concurrently with gynecomastia and the intake of medications that alter sex hormone levels. Herein, we report the first case of fibroadenoma of the male breast, presenting with medullary thyroid cancer. In addition, we reviewed the current management strategies for fibroadenoma of the male breast in the literature.

Incidence and factors associated with post-anesthesia care unit complications in resource-limited settings: An observational study.

Background And Aims: Postoperative complications are frequent encounters in the patients admitted to postanesthesia care units (PACU). The main aim of this study was to assess the incidence of complications and associated factors among surgical patients admitted in limited-resource settings of the PACU.

Methods: This is an observational study of 396 surgical patients admitted to PACU.

Appendiceal knotting causing small bowel obstruction: A rare case report.

Introduction And Importance: Appendicitis causing intestinal obstruction by forming a knot around a small bowel is uncommon. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging as the typical presentations of appendicitis are not usually seen. The diagnosis of appendicular knotting is usually an intraoperative surprise.

The practice of procedural pain assessment and management in neonatal intensive care unit in Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Neonates in intensive care units undergo frequent painful procedures for diagnostic or care-related purposes. Untreated pain has serious short-term and long-term complications. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of painful procedures, pain assessment, and their analgesic management practice among neonates admitted to the NICU.

The practice of foreign body removal from the ear, nose, and upper esophageal in children in Ethiopia: A retrospective descriptive study.

Background: Ear, nose, and upper esophageal foreign body (FB) impaction in children is a common emergency in-hospital service. There are no clear guidelines regarding the management of ingested FBs. This study aimed to determine the FB in terms of type, anatomic site, management outcome, and associated complications.

The use of perineural dexamethasone and transverse abdominal plane block for postoperative analgesia in cesarean section operations under spinal anesthesia: an observational study.

Background: During transverses abdominal plane block (TAP) procedure to provide analgesia in cesarean section (CS) operation, the use of perineural dexamethasone as an additive agent may improve pain relief and may cause a prolonged block duration. This study aims to investigate whether perineural dexamethasone, when added to bupivacaine local anesthetic agent during a TAP block, may provide adequate pain relief without adverse events.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of fifty-eight patients undergoing elective CS with spinal anesthesia.

Effectiveness of wound site infiltration for parturients undergoing elective cesarean section in an Ethiopian hospital: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Cesarean delivery (CD) is a commonly performed obstetric surgical procedure and causes moderate to severe postoperative pain. Wound site infiltration (WSI) is becoming a technique to provide postoperative analgesia in a limited-resource setting in regardless of controversy on its effectiveness. The current study is to assess its effectiveness as a part of postoperative analgesia for parturients undergoing elective Cesarean section.

Caudal block with rectal diclofenac and paracetamol for pediatrics infra umbilical surgery at a comprehensive specialized teaching hospital in Ethiopia.

Background: Caudal block is a common regional technique performed for infra umbilical surgery in pediatrics. Its limited duration of analgesia remains a gap in routine clinical practice. This study aimed to assess the analgesic effectiveness of caudal block with rectal diclofenac or rectal paracetamol among pediatric patients who underwent infra umbilical surgery.