ABCC4 suppresses glioblastoma progression and recurrence by restraining cGMP-PKG signalling.

Background: Cyclic nucleotides are critical mediators of cellular signalling in glioblastoma. However, the clinical relevance and mechanisms of regulating cyclic nucleotides in glioblastoma progression and recurrence have yet to be thoroughly explored.

Methods: In silico, mRNA, and protein level analyses identified the primary regulator of cyclic nucleotides in recurrent human glioblastoma.

Unlocking Colchicine's Untapped Potential: A Paradigm Shift in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prevention.

Liver cancer and notably hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), results in significantly high mortality rates worldwide. Chronic hepatitis and fatty liver, recognized precursors, underscore the imperative need for effective preventive strategies. This study explores colchicine, traditionally acknowledged for its anti-inflammatory properties and investigates its potential in liver cancer prevention.

Cellular and exosomal GPx1 are essential for controlling hydrogen peroxide balance and alleviating oxidative stress in hypoxic glioblastoma.

Tumor hypoxia promotes malignant progression and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma partly by increasing the production of hydrogen peroxide (HO), a type of reactive oxygen species critical for cell metabolic responses due to its additional role as a second messenger. However, the catabolic pathways that prevent HO overload and subsequent tumor cell damage in hypoxic glioblastoma remain unclear. Herein, we present a hypoxia-coordinated HO regulatory mechanism whereby excess HO in glioblastoma induced by hypoxia is diminished by glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), an antioxidant enzyme detoxifying HO, via the binding of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) to GPx1 promoter.

Extract Prevents Calcium Oxalate Crystallization and Extends Lifespan in a Urolithiasis Model.

Approximately 1 in 20 people develops kidney stones at some point in their life. Although the surgical removal of stones is common, the recurrence rate remains high and it is therefore important to prevent the occurrence of kidney stones. We chose (AM), which is a traditional Chinese medicine, to study the prevention of urolithiasis using a model based on our previous screening of traditional Chinese herbs.

Combined posterior and anterior approaches for cervical intradural disc herniation: A case report.

Intradural disc herniation (IDH) is an extremely rare condition. The authors report the case of a 53-year-old female who had neck and right shoulder pain associated with right-sided hemiparesis and hyperesthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine (C-spine) revealed central mass-like lesions that caused the; compression of the right side of the spinal cord.

Incidence of Screw Loosening in Cortical Bone Trajectory Fixation Technique between Single- and Dual-Threaded Screws.

This study aims to elucidate the radiological outcome after Cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation and whether dual-threaded (DT) screws should be used in the fusion surgery. 159 patients with degenerative lumbar disorder who had undergone midline lumbar inter-body fusion surgery by CBT screw-fixation technique (2014 to 2018). Patient subgroups were based on single-threaded (ST) or DT screw, fixation length, as well as whether fixation involved to sacrum level (S1).

Level-based analysis of screw loosening with cortical bone trajectory screws in patients with lumbar degenerative disease.

This study aimed to verify the relationship between the number of fusion level and the risk of screw loosening by using cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws in patients with lumbar degenerative disease.We retrospectively reviewed the serial plain radiograph images of lumbar degenerative disease patients who had undergone posterior fixation and fusion surgery with CBT from 2014. All included patients should have been followed-up with computed tomography scan or plain radiograph for at least 6 months after operation.

Cortical Bone Trajectory Instrumentation with Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Compression Fracture.

Background: Osteoporotic spinal fractures commonly occur in elderly patients with low bone mineral density. In these cases, percutaneous vertebroplasty or percutaneous kyphoplasty can provide significant pain relief and improve mobility. However, studies have reported both the recurrence of vertebral compression fractures at the index level after vertebroplasty and the development of new vertebral fractures at the adjacent level that occur without any additional trauma.

Long-Term Follow-up in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treated With or Without Surgical Intervention: a Large-Scale Retrospective Study.

Debates regarding the most beneficial medical or surgical procedures for patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) are still ongoing. We aimed to evaluate the risk of subsequent vascular disease and mortality in patients with sICH treated with and without surgical intervention, in a large-scale Asian population. Patients hospitalized within 2000 to 2013 who were newly diagnosed with sICH were identified using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan.

Minimal invasive surgical technique in midline lumbar inter-body fusion: A technique note.

Midline lumbar inter-body fusion (MIDLF) surgery with cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw insertion is a modern fusion technique for spinal surgery. The difference in entry point of this trajectory from conventional pedicle screw surgery offers the potential benefits of less soft tissue dissection and reduced blood loss, post-operative wound pain, and infection risks. Because this is a newly developed technique first announced by Santoni in 2009, most surgeons perform this surgery in a mini-open fashion and require more intra-operative fluoroscopy and ionizing radiation exposure during screw placement.

Risk of posterior circulation stroke in patients with cervical spondylosis: A nationwide, population-based study.

Background And Aims: Cervical spondylosis (CS) is reported to be associated with vertebrobasilar insufficiency. However, few cohort studies have investigated the association between CS and posterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods: The study cohort comprised 27,990 patients aged ≥18 years with a first diagnosis of CS.

Association of Arrhythmia in Patients with Cervical Spondylosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Sympathetic activity, including cervical ganglia, is involved in the development of cardiac arrhythmias.

Objective: The present study investigated the association between cervical spondylosis and arrhythmia, which has never been reported before.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with cervical spondylosis (CS) with an index date between 2000 and 2011 were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database.

Risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients with cervical spondylosis.

Background And Aims: Cervical spondylosis (CS) is reported to be associated with increased sympathetic activity and hypertension. However, the cardiovascular (CV) outcomes of patients with CS are largely unknown.

Methods: A national insurance claims dataset of 22 million enrollees in Taiwan during 1999-2010 was used as the research database.

Cortical bone trajectory screws fixation in lumbar adjacent segment disease: A technique note with case series.

Lumbar adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion surgery often requires surgical intervention. However, subsequent surgical treatment often needs to expose and remove all of the previous instruments. This additional surgery leads to significant post-operative pain, muscular fibrosis, poor wound healing and infection, etc.

PG2 for patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

PG2 is an infusible polysaccharide extracted from Astragalus membranaceus, which is a Chinese herb traditionally used for stroke treatment. We investigated the effect of PG2 on patients with spontaneous acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). A total of 61 patients with acute spontaneous ICH were randomized to either the treatment group (TG, 30 patients), which received 3 doses of PG2 (500 mg, IV) per week for 2 weeks, or the control group (CG, 31 patients), which received PG2 placebo.

Primary Intraosseous Hemangioma of the Orbital Roof: A Pitfall of Surgery.

A primary intraosseous hemangioma (IOH) of the orbital bone is extremely rare. The preferred method of treatment for IOH is total surgical excision with reconstruction. Herein, the authors describe a patient with an orbital roof IOH and the unexpected complications of ptosis and deteriorated exophthalmos.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in monozygotic twins with central diabetes insipidus and hypophyseal masses.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a systemic disease mainly affecting children and young adults. It can manifest as single system disorder or multi-system involvement. When the central nervous system is involved, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is the most common location affected.

Intracerebral implantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cells in stroke patients: a randomized phase II study.

In our previous study, intracerebral implantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) improved functional outcome in rats with chronic cerebral infarction. Based on this finding, a randomized, single blind controlled study was conducted in 30 patients [PBSC group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15)] with middle cerebral artery infarction confirmed on a T2-weighted MRI 6 months to 5 years after a stroke. Only subjects with neurological deficits of intermediate severity based on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS; range: 9-20) that had been stable for at least 3 months were enrolled.

Effective management of intractable neuropathic pain using an intrathecal morphine pump in a patient with acute transverse myelitis.

Transverse myelitis is a rare inflammatory myelopathy characterized by loss of motor and sensory function below the affected level of the spinal cord, and causes neurogenic bowel and bladder. Occasionally, it also causes neuropathic pain with spasticity. Traditional therapies for neuropathic pain are multiple, including multimodal analgesic regimens, antiepileptic or antidepressant medications, opioids, sympathetic blocks, and spinal cord stimulation.

Catastrophic venous air embolism during craniotomy in the supine position: the bleeding pattern as a warning sign?

Venous air embolism is a serious complication during a neurosurgical procedure. Here is a case of a massive venous air embolism causing cardiac arrest in the supine position surgery. Identifying the alternative inflation and collapse of the sinus and taking emergency measures to avoid catastrophic result are important.

Disconnected subduroperitoneal shunt catheter induces silent bowel perforation: An unusual complication.

We report a case of silent bowel perforation by a fractured subduroperitoneal shunt after surgical shunt revision. A 93-year-old bedridden man experienced transanal prolapse of a shunt catheter after defecation. Upon arrival, the patient showed no fever or acute abdominal signs.