A reciprocal relationship between parental maltreatment and child bullying perpetration in China.

This study aimed to examine the longitudinal reciprocal relationship between parental maltreatment and child bullying perpetration from middle childhood to early adolescence in China and the associated gender differences. Eight hundred ninety-one children completed a battery of questionnaires at four time points. A random-intercept cross-lagged model was established.

How does parent-child attachment influence left-behind children's loneliness and depression: The mediating roles of peer attachment and teacher-student relationship.

Background: Loneliness and depression are common emotional problems among left-behind children, and these emotional problems may have a high correlation with attachment relationships.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of parent-child attachment on left-behind children's loneliness and depression and the mediating roles of peer attachment and teacher-student relationship and their gender differences.

Methods: Using two waves of data, 614 left-behind children participated in the longitudinal study by completing a series of relevant questionnaire two times (spaced 6 months).

Bidirectional Longitudinal Relationships between Maternal Psychological Control and Bullying/Victimization among Father-Absent Left-Behind Children in China.

The topic of school bullying has become an important issue over the world. Being in disadvantaged situations of fathers' absence, prior research suggested that left-behind children (LBC) with absent fathers in China are more vulnerable to get involved in school bullying (bullying or being bullied). In addition, fathers' absence brings much pressure to single stay-at-home mothers, leading to more maternal psychologically controlling parenting.