Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction: A vehicle-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a chronic progressive disease with downstream effects on ocular signs and symptoms. AZR-MD-001 is a selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment that was investigated as a potential treatment option for patients with MGD.

Methods: A Phase 2, multi-center, double-masked, parallel group study was conducted across 29 sites, with 245 patients randomized 1:1:1 to AZR-MD-001 0.

Comparison of 2-year outcomes with CAR T cells (ZUMA-1) vs salvage chemotherapy in refractory large B-cell lymphoma.

The SCHOLAR-1 international retrospective study highlighted poor clinical outcomes and survival among patients with refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with conventional chemotherapy. Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, demonstrated durable responses in patients with refractory LBCL in the pivotal phase 1/2 ZUMA-1 study (NCT02348216). Here, we compared SCHOLAR-1 with the 2-year outcomes of ZUMA-1.

The Use of an Open Field Model to Assess Sound-Induced Fear and Anxiety Associated Behaviors in Labrador Retrievers.

Previous studies have shown that the playing of thunderstorm recordings during an open-field task elicits fearful or anxious responses in adult beagles. The goal of our study was to apply this open field test to assess sound-induced behaviors in Labrador retrievers drawn from a pool of candidate improvised explosive devices (IED)-detection dogs. Being robust to fear-inducing sounds and recovering quickly is a critical requirement of these military working dogs.

Feline musculoskeletal pain index: responsiveness and testing of criterion validity.

Background: Progress in establishing if therapies provide relief to cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD)-associated pain is hampered by a lack of validated owner-administered assessment methods.

Hypothesis: That an appropriately developed subjective owner-completed instrument (Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index-FMPI) to assess DJD-associated impairment would have responsiveness and criterion validity.

Animals: Twenty-five client-owned cats with DJD-associated pain.

Variability of performance of wound infusion catheters.

Objective: To compare the distribution of flow from two commercial and one handmade multihole wound infusion catheters.

Study Design: Open label experimental measurement of flow distribution in a bench top apparatus of handmade (n = 10) and two commercial (n = 10 each) wound infusion catheters with 5-6'' (12-15.2 cm) long diffusion surfaces.

Reliability and discriminatory testing of a client-based metrology instrument, feline musculoskeletal pain index (FMPI) for the evaluation of degenerative joint disease-associated pain in cats.

The objective of this study was to test the readability, reliability, repeatability and discriminatory ability of an owner-completed instrument to assess feline degenerative joint disease (DJD)-associated pain (feline musculoskeletal pain index, FMPI). Readability was explored using four different formulas (Flesch, Fry, SMOG and FOG) and the final FMPI instrument was produced. To assess the instrument, client-owned cats that were defined as normal (normal group) or as having DJD-associated pain and mobility impairment (pain-DJD group) were recruited.

Selective TNF inhibition for chronic stroke and traumatic brain injury: an observational study involving 629 consecutive patients treated with perispinal etanercept.

Background: Brain injury from stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) may result in a persistent neuroinflammatory response in the injury penumbra. This response may include microglial activation and excess levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Previous experimental data suggest that etanercept, a selective TNF inhibitor, has the ability to ameliorate microglial activation and modulate the adverse synaptic effects of excess TNF.

Comparison of body weight distribution, peak vertical force, and vertical impulse as measures of hip joint pain and efficacy of total hip replacement.

Objective: To determine whether there is a difference between the ability of peak vertical force (PVF), vertical impulse (VI), and percentage body weight distribution (%BW(dist) ) in differentiating which leg is most affected by hip joint pain before total hip replacement (THR) surgery, and for measuring changes in limb use after THR surgery.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: Dogs (n = 47).

Evaluation of a therapeutic diet for feline degenerative joint disease.

Background: Feline degenerative joint disease (DJD) is common and there are no approved therapies for the alleviation of the associated pain.

Objective: To test a diet high in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content and supplemented with green-lipped mussel extract and glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate (test-diet) for its pain-relieving and activity-enhancing effects in cats with painful, mobility-impairing DJD over a 9-week period.

Animals: Forty client-owned cats.

Evaluation of functional outcome after BFX total hip replacement using a pressure sensitive walkway.

Objective: To evaluate stance phase limb use after cementless (BFX) total hip replacement (THR) in dogs and to relate postoperative radiographic variables to static bodyweight distribution after surgery.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: Dogs (n=35) that had THR.

Primary care physicians' evaluation and treatment of depression: Results of an experimental study using video vignettes.

Little is known about how patient and primary care physician characteristics are associated with quality of depression care. The authors conducted structured interviews of 404 randomly selected primary care physicians after their interaction with CD-ROM vignettes of actors portraying depressed patients. Vignettes varied along the dimensions of medical comorbidity, attributions regarding the cause of depression, style, race/ethnicity, and gender.

Effects of disclosing financial interests on attitudes toward clinical research.

Background: The effects of disclosing financial interests to potential research participants are not well understood.

Objective: To examine the effects of financial interest disclosures on potential research participants' attitudes toward clinical research.

Design And Participants: Computerized experiment conducted with 3,623 adults in the United States with either diabetes mellitus or asthma, grouped by lesser and greater severity.

Racial differences in pain during 1 year among women with metastatic breast cancer: a hazards analysis of interval-censored data.

Background: Longitudinal tumor-specific studies of cancer pain across the disease trajectory provide insight into the course of pain. Information on pain predictors refines our understanding of patients with greatest distress and need.

Methods: The authors studied 1124 women with metastatic breast cancer and bone metastases, all of whom received standard treatment in an international clinical trial conducted from October 1998 to January 2001.

Perspectives of clinical research coordinators on disclosing financial conflicts of interest to potential research participants.

Background: Disclosing financial interests to potential research participants during the informed consent process is one strategy for managing conflicts of interest. Given that clinical research coordinators are typically charged with administering the informed consent process, it is critical to understand their experiences, attitudes and beliefs regarding the disclosure of financial interests in research.

Purpose: To understand the role of clinical research coordinators in disclosing financial interests in research, and potential barriers to such disclosures.

Validity of goniometric joint measurements in cats.

Objective: To compare and validate goniometric joint measurements obtained from nonsedated and sedated cats with measurements from radiographic evaluation.

Animals: 20 adult cats with no evidence of joint disease.

Procedures: Measurements of flexion and extension of the carpus, elbow, shoulder, tarsus, stifle, and hip joints and of carpal and tarsal joints during varus and valgus angulation were made by a single investigator before and after sedation of cats.

Hazards for pain severity and pain interference with daily living, with exploration of brief pain inventory cutpoints, among women with metastatic breast cancer.

Few longitudinal studies have assessed risk factors for pain outcomes in tumor-specific populations. Such studies are needed to improve clinical practice guidelines for cancer pain management over the course of treatment. Among patients with metastatic breast cancer, we assessed the impact of baseline clinical and demographic risk factors on patients reaching different pain severity and interference scores.

Evaluation of client-specific outcome measures and activity monitoring to measure pain relief in cats with osteoarthritis.

Background: There are no validated systems for measuring pain from osteoarthritis in cats.

Hypothesis: Owner subjective assessments and an activity monitor (AM) can be used to detect pain in cats with osteoarthritis and to assess efficacy of treatments.

Animals: Thirteen cats older than 10 years old, with owner-assessed decreases in activity, painful arthritic joints, and clinically normal blood work were included and evaluated for 3 weeks.

Use and perceptions of clinical practice guidelines by internal medicine physicians.

The authors sought to explore the use and perceptions of clinical practice guidelines among internal medicine physicians. Through a Web-based survey, 201 board-certified internal medicine physicians rated their opinions on several statements using 7-point Likert scales. Most respondents (74.

Effects of skeletal morbidities on longitudinal patient-reported outcomes and survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Goals Of Work: Patients with prostate cancer metastasized to bone frequently experience skeletal morbidities as a result of their disease. We sought to quantify the longitudinal effects on patient-reported outcomes of skeletal-related events (SREs) and to ascertain the declines in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and pain experienced by patients who experienced SREs.

Materials And Methods: Data are from a clinical trial for the treatment of SREs associated with advanced prostate cancer metastatic to bone.

Measuring trust in medical researchers.

Background: Concern is widespread that the public's and participants' trust in medical research is threatened, but few empirical measures of research trust exist. This project aims to enable more rigorous study of researcher trust by developing and testing appropriate survey measures.

Methods: Survey items were developed based on a conceptual model of the primary domains of researcher trust (safety, fidelity, honesty, global trust).

Evidence-based therapies and mortality in patients hospitalized in December with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Previous studies suggest that patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI) in December have poor outcomes, and some studies have hypothesized that the cause may be the infrequent use of evidence-based therapies during the December holiday season.

Objective: To compare the care and outcomes of patients with acute MI hospitalized in December and patients hospitalized during other months.

Design: Retrospective analysis of data from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.

Understanding of an aggregate probability statement by patients who are offered participation in Phase I clinical trials.

Background: There is concern that patients with poor numeracy may have difficulty understanding the information necessary to make informed treatment decisions. The authors sought to characterize a special form of numeracy among patients with advanced cancer who were offered participation in Phase I oncology clinical trials.

Methods: Surveys were administered to 328 cancer patients who were considering Phase I trials.

An exploration of relative health stock in advanced cancer patients.

Objective: The authors sought to empirically test whether relative health stock, a measure of patients' sense of loss in their health due to illness, influences the treatment decisions of patients facing life-threatening conditions. Specifically, they estimated the effect of relative health stock on advanced cancer patients' decisions to participate in phase I clinical trials.

Method: A multicenter study was conducted to survey 328 advanced cancer patients who were offered the opportunity to participate in phase I trials.