Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Kawasaki Disease: A Single Centre Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To study the prevalence of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) and to devise a classification tree for predicting MAS in early KD based on easily available clinical and laboratory information using artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted (March 2020 - October 2021) during which hospitalized children aged 1-18 years with KD were consecutively enrolled. Those with a positive RTPCR test or IgM/IgG serology for COVID-19 were excluded.

Mucolipidosis: A mimicker of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common form of chronic arthritis in children and at times misdiagnosed in those presenting with arthropathy secondary to non-inflammatory causes. The overlap of symptoms often pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. This mostly results in a delayed diagnosis subjecting children to unnecessary use of long-term immunosuppressants and disease-modifying drugs.

Serum Calprotectin Levels in Different Subtypes of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Its Correlation with Quantitative CRP and JADAS-27.

Objective: To study the serum calprotectin levels in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and correlate it with C-reactive protein (CRP) and the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-27 (JADAS-27).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study done between November 2017 and March 2019. Fifty treatment-naive children, aged 1 to 18 y with the diagnosis of JIA as per the International League of Associations of Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria were enrolled.

Kawasaki Disease with Peripheral and Facial Gangrene: A Case report and review of literature.

With the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Kawasaki Disease (KD) has come to the fore with its many atypical manifestations. Atypical clinical neurological, ophthalmological, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and pulmonary manifestations in a febrile child with raised markers should prompt the clinician to think of Kawasaki disease. Peripheral gangrene is a rare atypical manifestation of KD reported in infancy.

Profile of Children with Kawasaki Disease Associated with Tropical Infections.

Objective: To describe various infectious triggers for Kawasaki disease (KD) in India.

Methods: A series of 10 children with diagnosed infections who developed KD during their course of illness has been presented. They were diagnosed by the American Heart Association (AHA) 2017 guidelines.

Comparison of clinical and laboratory profile of survivors and non-survivors of SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome of childhood in India: An observational study.

Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is characterised by multiple reports of paediatric multisystem inflammatory disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with Kawasaki disease-like features often complicated by myocarditis, shock and macrophage activation syndrome. Certain clinical and laboratory markers may be used to identify high risk cases.

Methods: All sequentially admitted patients hospitalised between April 2020 and October 2020, who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C were included.

Clinical Profile of COVID-19 Illness in Children-Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objective: To detail clinical profile and outcome in children infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: This retrospective study was undertaken at a tertiary care pediatric teaching hospital in Northern India. The data on clinical characteristics and outcome of children (< 18 y) with COVID-19 illness from April 2020-October 2020 were reviewed and analyzed.

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Oral Chelation With Deferiprone and Deferasirox in Children With β-Thalassemia Major: An Experience From North India.

Objective: A combination of desferrioxamine with either deferiprone (DFP) or deferasirox (DFX) for patients with β-thalassemia major who do not achieve negative iron balance with monotherapy has been studied widely. However, poor compliance resulting from the need for parentral administration of desferrioxamine and its cost necessicitates combining 2 oral chelators.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia major in a tertiary care center over 2 years.

Thalassemia Major: how do we improve quality of life?

Background: Thalassemia Major is a preventable genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin synthesis and lifelong blood transfusions. The children suffering from Thalassemia Major have poor quality of life. This study was conducted to assess the factors influencing quality of life of these children and how it can be improved.

Neurological Complications and Cataract in a Child With Thalassemia Major Treated With Deferiprone.

The oral iron chelator deferiprone is associated with various side effects including agranulocytosis, arthropathy, and deranged liver function tests. Rarely, neurological and visual side effects have been reported with high doses. The authors describe rare neurological manifestations of cerebellar ataxia, hypertonia, and bilateral cataract in an 11-year-old boy with thalassemia major on recommended therapeutic doses of deferiprone.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: an unusual mimicker of childhood intrathoracic tuberculosis.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare lesions of uncertain etiology that are often difficult to diagnose because of their myriad clinical presentations. Not uncommon, they mimic persistent pneumonia. We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with prolonged pyrexia, weight loss, severe anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and nonresolving pneumonia.

Central pontine myelinolysis presenting with tremor in a child with celiac disease.

A 4-year-old boy presented with a history of tremor for 7 days. He also had recurrent diarrhea for the previous 1 year, and poor weight gain. Magnetic resonance of the brain was suggestive of central pontine myelinolysis.

A Rare Case Report of Fatal Fulminant Hepatic Failure in a Child due to Mixed vivax and falciparum Infection.

Malaria remains an overwhelming problem in the tropical developing countries, with 300 to 500 million new cases and about a million deaths per year (Mishra et al., 2003). Malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease in the tropics.

Biotin responsive limb weakness.

We report acute onset quadriplegia in a ten year old boy associated with basal ganglia lesions due to biotin deficiency. Prolonged raw egg consumption was identified as predisposing factor for biotin deficiency. Treatment with biotin resulted in remarkable recovery.