Physically demanding occupations among females and sex-related differences to develop osteoarthritis of the hip: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a leading cause of disability increasing with age and is more prevalent in women and in various physically demanding occupations. This systematic review identifies and summarises occupational exposures for women in physically demanding occupations and discusses sex differences and consequences.

Methods: In this systematic review, we searched various electronic databases for reports published between date of database inception and October 2022.

The epidemiology of dying within 48 hours of presentation to emergency departments: a retrospective cohort study of older people across Australia and New Zealand.

Background: Emergency department (ED) clinicians are more frequently providing care, including end-of-life care, to older people.

Objectives: To estimate the need for ED end-of-life care for people aged ≥65 years, describe characteristics of those dying within 48 hours of ED presentation and compare those dying in ED with those dying elsewhere.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study analysing data from 177 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.

Trends in hospital coding for people experiencing homelessness in Canada, 2015-2020: a descriptive study.

Background: In 2018, hospitals were mandated to record homelessness using (ICD-10-CA code Z59.0). We sought to answer whether the coding mandate affected the volume of patients identified as experiencing homelessness in acute inpatient hospitalizations and if there was any geographic variation.

Backpack satellite transmitters reduce survival but not nesting propensity or success of greater sage-grouse.

Telemetry technology is ubiquitous for studying the behavior and demography of wildlife, including the use of traditional very high frequency (VHF) radio telemetry and more recent methods that record animal locations using global positioning systems (GPS). Satellite-based GPS telemetry allows researchers to collect high spatial-temporal resolution data remotely but may also come with additional costs. For example, recent studies from the southern Great Basin suggested GPS transmitters attached via backpacks may reduce the survival of greater sage-grouse () relative to VHF transmitters attached via collars that have been in use for decades.

End-of-life care: A retrospective cohort study of older people who died within 48 hours of presentation to the emergency department.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of, and care provided to, older people who died within 48 h of ED presentation.

Methods: A descriptive retrospective cohort study of people 65 years and older presenting to two EDs in Queensland, Australia, between April 2018 and March 2019. Data from electronic medical records were collected and analysed.

Longitudinal Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stress and Occupational Well-Being of Mental Health Professionals: An International Study.

Background: Increased levels of occupational stress among health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic have been documented. Few studies have examined the effects of the pandemic on mental health professionals despite the heightened demand for their services.

Method: A multilingual, longitudinal, global survey was conducted at 3 time points during the pandemic among members of the World Health Organization's Global Clinical Practice Network.

Communication via Biotremors in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): Part I- Biotremor Production and Response to Substrate-Borne Vibrations.

Biotremors are vibrations, usually surface waves along the boundary of a medium, produced by an organism. While substrate-borne vibrations are utilized by different reptile species, true conspecific communication via biotremors has not yet been demonstrated in lizards. Recent research revealed that the veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) produces biotremors.

Communication via Biotremors in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): Part II-Social Contexts.

This study extends recent research demonstrating that the veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) can produce and detect biotremors. Chameleons were paired in various social contexts: dominance (male-male; female-female C. calyptratus); courtship (male-female C.

Differentiating infection, colonisation, and sterile inflammation in critical illness: the emerging role of host-response profiling.

Infection results when a pathogen produces host tissue damage and elicits an immune response. Critically ill patients experience immune activation secondary to both sterile and infectious insults, with overlapping clinical phenotypes and underlying immunological mechanisms. Patients also undergo a shift in microbiota with the emergence of pathogen-dominant microbiomes.

Evaluation of an Association Between Enoxaparin Dose per Estimated Blood Volume and Clinically Relevant Bleeding in Low-Weight Trauma Patients.

Background: The optimal dosing for enoxaparin venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in low-weight trauma patients is unknown. Estimated blood volume (EBV) has shown promise as a dose modifier.

Objective: To characterize the association of enoxaparin dose per EBV with the prevalence of VTE and bleeding in low-weight trauma patients.

Diagnosing sepsis in the ICU: Comparison of a gene expression signature to pre-existing biomarkers.

Purpose: We aimed to identify a gene signature that discriminates between sepsis and aseptic inflammation in patients administered antibiotics in the intensive care unit and compare it to commonly utilised sepsis biomarkers.

Methods: 91 patients commenced on antibiotics were retrospectively diagnosed as having: (i) blood culture positive sepsis; (ii) blood culture negative sepsis; or (iii) aseptic inflammation. Bloods were collected after <24 h of antibiotic commencement for both gene expression sequencing analysis and measurement of previously identified biomarkers.

Commentary: From Mixtapes to Playlists - Evolving Options for Capturing Diagnoses in Canadian Physicians' Data.

Physician billing claims are rich sources of administrative health data. However, diagnostic codes in billing claims are drawn from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (WHO & International Conference for the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases 1977), which has not been updated by the World Health Organization in three decades. With its updated and expanded content and its digital tooling, the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) (WHO n.

Risk of Cardiovascular Events After COVID-19.

We aimed to determine absolute and relative risks of either symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection for late cardiovascular (CV) events and all-cause mortality. We conducted a retrospective double cohort study of patients with either symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19+ cohort) and its documented absence (COVID-19- cohort). The study investigators drew a simple random sample of records from all patients under the Oregon Health & Science University Healthcare (n = 65,585), with available COVID-19 test results, performed March 1, 2020 to September 13, 2020.

Policy of free GP care for children under 6 years: The impact on daytime and out-of-hours general practice.

Ireland does not yet have a comprehensive system of universal access to primary care. In 2015, access to general practitioner (GP) care at no charge was introduced for the 70% of children aged under six who previously paid out-of-pocket fees. This study uses data from 16 practices and a regional out-of-hours (OOH) GP service to assess the impact of this policy on attendance.

An international survey examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on telehealth use among mental health professionals.

Background: COVID-19 has profoundly affected the work of mental health professionals with many transitioning to telehealth to comply with public health measures. This large international study examined the impact of the pandemic on mental health clinicians' telehealth use.

Methods: This survey study was conducted with mental health professionals, primarily psychiatrists and psychologists, registered with WHO's Global Clinical Practice Network (GCPN).

[Communication Pathways and Difficulties with Nursing Homes and Digital Perspectives: A Survey of German General Practitioners].

Aim Of The Study: To outline basic information on communication structures and obstacles between GPs and nursing homes as well as GPs' perspectives on usage of E-health technology.

Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study carried out among n=600 randomly selected GPs in Germany sent by mail.

Results: The response rate was 20% (n=114).

A randomized control trial of a behavioral intervention for older adults with subjective cognitive complaints that combines cognitive rehabilitation strategies and lifestyle modifications.

This study examined the effectiveness of a 10-week cognitive rehabilitation and lifestyle modifying intervention that integrated compensation strategies, engagement in brain activities, and improving everyday function. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03549078).

Antimicrobial Prescribing in the Emergency Department; Who Is Calling the Shots?

Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in the emergency department (ED) can lead to poor outcomes. It is unknown how often the prescribing clinician is guided by others, and whether prescriber factors affect appropriateness of prescribing. This study aims to describe decision making, confidence in, and appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing in the ED.

Policy of free GP care for children under 6 years: The impact on emergency department attendance.

Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to improve child health. Ireland, the only country in the European Union without universal access to primary care, introduced general practitioner (GP) care at no charge for children aged under six in 2015. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of this policy on attendance at the emergency department (ED).

A novel approach to residence time distribution characterization in a mAb continuous process.

Residence time distribution modeling of integrated perfusion to capture process can elucidate the impact of product quality excursions and filter fouling on monoclonal antibody production. In this case study, a glycosylation inhibitor and fluorescently labeled antibody are applied to the continuous process to study protein quality modulation, perfusion filter fouling, and unit operation hold times. The unit operations were modeled as continuous-stirred tank reactors and the residence time distribution of a small molecule glycan inhibitor and impact on glycosylation were characterized.

Host Diagnostic Biomarkers of Infection in the ICU: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?

Purpose Of Review: Early identification of infection in the critically ill patient and initiation of appropriate treatment is key to reducing morbidity and mortality. On the other hand, the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials leads to harms, many of which may be exaggerated in the critically ill population. The current method of diagnosing infection in the intensive care unit relies heavily on clinical gestalt; however, this approach is plagued by biases.

Rates of anastomotic leak and fistula following surgical management of bowel endometriosis: a comparison of shaving, discoid excision, and segmental resection.

Endometriosis is a complex chronic inflammatory condition that can create a multitude of bothersome painful symptoms for women. Bowel endometriosis is often misdiagnosed or overlooked leading to years of suffering for many women. The surgical management of bowel endometriosis varies based on extent of disease as well as surgeon experience.

Ceftriaxone dosing in patients admitted from the emergency department with sepsis.

Purpose: Unbound ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics in adult patients have been poorly characterised. The objective of this study is to determine the ceftriaxone dose that achieves an unbound trough concentration ≥ 0.5 mg/L in > 90% of adult patients receiving once-daily dosing presenting to the emergency department (ED) with sepsis.