Robust Soil Water Potential Sensor to Optimize Irrigation in Agriculture.

Extreme weather phenomena are on the rise due to ongoing climate change. Therefore, the need for irrigation in agriculture will increase, although it is already the largest consumer of water, a valuable resource. Soil moisture sensors can help to use water efficiently and economically.

Online tissue discrimination for transcutaneous needle guidance applications using broadband impedance spectroscopy.

This paper reports on a novel system architecture for measuring impedance spectra of a biological tissue close to the tip of a hollow needle. The measurement is performed online using fast broadband chirp signals. The time domain measurement raw data are transformed into the transfer function of the tissue in frequency domain.

Real-time cannula navigation in biological tissue with high temporal and spatial resolution based on impedance spectroscopy.

In many medical applications a well-directed positioning of a cannula in body tissue is mandatory. Especially the accurate placing of the cannula tip in the tissue is important for efficient drug delivery or for accessing blood vessels and nerves. This paper presents a new approach for a universal cannula navigation system based on tissue classification on the cannula tip by impedance spectroscopy.

Capacitive on-line hematocrit sensor design based on impedance spectroscopy for use in hemodialysis machines.

This paper presents a new design for an on-line and in-line hematocrit (HCT) sensor. Special feature of the sensor is the capability to measure the hematocrit of a blood sample inside standard plastic tubing widely used in medical equipment. No blood sample has to be extracted out of existing extracorporeal blood circulation systems such as hemodialysis machines or heart-lung machines.