Imaging in the Intensive Care Unit.

Radiology plays an important role in the management of the most seriously ill patients in the hospital. Over the years, continued advances in imaging technology have contributed to an improvement in patient care. However, even with such advances, the portable chest radiograph (CXR) remains one of the most commonly requested radiographic examinations.

Incidence, clinical associations and outcomes of intrathoracic complications with and without ARDS in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine the incidence and clinical predictors of intrathoracic complications in COVID-19 patients, and the association with outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we included 976 patients (age 61 ± 17 years, 62% male) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 3-April 4, 2020 and underwent chest imaging. 3836 radiographs from 976 patients and 105 CTs from 88 patients were reviewed for intrathoracic complications, including pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, lobar collapse, pleural effusion, and pneumatocele formation.

Management of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules: Influencing Patient Care Through Subspecialized Imaging Review.

Objective: To evaluate whether thoracic radiologist review of computed tomography-detected incidental pulmonary nodules initially reported by non-thoracic imagers would change management recommendations.

Materials And Methods: The Radiology Consultation Service identified 468 computed tomography scans (one per patient) performed through the adult emergency department from August 2018 through December 2020 that mentioned the presence of a pulmonary nodule. Forty percent (186/468) were read by thoracic radiologists and 60% (282/468) were read by non-thoracic radiologists.

A unique case of unilateral pulmonary edema from partial anomalous pulmonary venous return in conjunction with superior vena cava stenosis.

While PAPVR is most commonly an incidental finding on chest CT, a unique case is presented where PAPVR in conjunction with SVC stenosis resulted in chronic symptomatic asymmetric pulmonary edema. The case reflects an unusual anatomic cause of unilateral edema, as a combination of both congenital and subsequently acquired anatomic anomalies.

Imaging Utilization and Outcomes in Vulnerable Populations during COVID-19 in New York City.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects vulnerable populations (VP) adversely.

Purpose: To evaluate overall imaging utilization in vulnerable subgroups (elderly, racial/ethnic minorities, socioeconomic status [SES] disadvantage) and determine if a particular subgroup has worse outcomes from COVID-19.

Materials/methods: Of 4110 patients who underwent COVID-19 testing from March 3-April 4, 2020 at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (NYP) health system, we included 1121 COVID-19 positive adults (mean age 59±18 years, 59% male) from two academic hospitals and evaluated imaging utilization rates and outcomes, including mortality.

Central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe involvement in nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

Objectives: Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) lacks specific diagnostic guidelines or criteria for imaging diagnosis, and the need for more reliable computed tomography (CT) characterization remains. We hypothesized that central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe (ML) involvement is present in most patients with NSIP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ML involvement and thus to assess its potential as a unique feature of NSIP.

Thoracic Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic systemic inflammatory diseases and the most common chronic inflammatory arthritis. Classically a progressive symmetric polyarthritis, RA is characterized by inflammation, erosions, bone loss, and joint destruction. Up to half of patients with RA exhibit extra-articular manifestations (EAMs), which may precede articular disease and are more common in patients with seropositive RA (patients with detectable serum levels of rheumatoid factor and/or anticitrullinated peptide antibodies).

The importance of imaging - Perspectives from redeployment.

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic strains the healthcare system, radiology residents across the United States have become a vital part of the redeployed workforce. Through a series of four cases of COVID-19 patients encountered on the wards, we highlight the insight and unique set of skills redeployed radiology residents possess that are essential to patient care during this crisis. By increasing visibility through active participation on the clinical team, we demonstrate the fundamental role radiology has in the greater field of medicine.

A Case-Based Review of Vaping-Induced Injury-Pulmonary Toxicity and Beyond.

The last 10 years has seen a steady rise in the use of electronic cigarettes ("e-cigarettes" or ECIGs) or "vape pens." Though initially developed to assist with smoking cessation, use among adolescents has been particularly high. A concomitant rise in ECIG-related injuries disproportionately affecting young patients has been recognized.

Imaging & other potential predictors of deterioration in COVID-19.

This case report describes a young patient with COVID-19 who is initially diagnosed with CT chest imaging. Upon admission to the hospital, his clinical condition deteriorates requiring ventilatory support. We explore the value of imaging and other potential predictors of deterioration.

Pre and Post Procedure Imaging of the Watchman® Device with Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography.

Purpose Of Review: Left atrial appendage occlusion with the Watchman® device requires pre and post procedure imaging. Currently, transesophageal echocardiography is the recommended modality, though cardiac computed tomography angiography may be an acceptable alternative.

Recent Findings: Cardiac computed tomography angiography can be used to safely and accurately predict Watchman® device sizing.

Radiology Research Funding: Current State and Future Opportunities.

Funding for research has become increasingly difficult to obtain in an environment of decreasing clinical revenue, increasing research costs, and growing competition for federal and nonfederal funding sources. This paper identifies critical requirements to build and sustain a successful radiology research program (eg, key personnel and leadership, research training and mentorship, infrastructure, institutional and departmental funding or support), reviews the current state of available funding for radiology (including federal, nonfederal, philanthropy, crowdfunding, and industry), and describes promising opportunities for future funding (eg, health services, comparative effectiveness, and patient-centered outcomes research). The funding climate, especially at the federal level, changes periodically, so it is important to have radiology-specific organizations such as the American College of Radiology and the Academy of Radiology Research serving as our key advocates.

Effect of Massed Versus Interleaved Teaching Method on Performance of Students in Radiology.

Purpose: Radiology instruction is based on the principle that grouped (or massed) repetition of an intellectual activity leads to expertise. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the spaced (or interleaved) method of teaching chest x-ray interpretation is more effective than the massed method.

Methods: After institutional review board approval was obtained, 40 first- and second-year medical students were randomized into two groups matched by age, gender, and education experience.