Recurrent Large Extrauterine Lipoleiomyoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report.

Lipoleiomyoma is a type of tumor usually found in the uterine corpus. The pathophysiology is unclear; however, it is commonly seen in obese perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. While intrauterine lipoleiomyoma may be surveilled, there is less information about the management of extrauterine lipoleiomyoma, especially significantly large tumors.

Validating Morphometrics with DNA Barcoding to Reliably Separate Three Cryptic Species of Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Despite their large size and striking markings, the identification of bumble bees ( spp.) is surprisingly difficult. This is particularly true for three North American sympatric species in the subgenus that are often misidentified: Franklin, Smith Cresson.

is a Pathogen and Endophyte of Potato and Sunflower in the Columbia Basin of Washington.

The objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that causes diseases of sunflower and potato plants. Two sunflower genotypes and one potato cultivar were inoculated with five isolates and three pathogenic isolates. Biomass, disease expression, and stem colonization were quantified.

Evidence of a trans-kingdom plant disease complex between a fungus and plant-parasitic nematodes.

Disease prediction tools improve management efforts for many plant diseases. Prediction and downstream prevention demand information about disease etiology, which can be complicated for some diseases, like those caused by soilborne microorganisms. Fortunately, the availability of machine learning methods has enabled researchers to elucidate complex relationships between hosts and pathogens without invoking difficult-to-satisfy assumptions.

Does Coinoculation with Different Genotypes Affect the Host or Fungus?

Inferences about are often deduced from experiments where hosts are inoculated with one isolate. The assumption that the outcomes from these experiments scale with diversity is untested. The objectives of this research were to test the hypotheses that (i) coinoculation with combinations of isolates affects plant biomass, disease expression, and fungal colonization; and (ii) hosts select for the specific isolates.

From pathogen to endophyte: an endophytic population of Verticillium dahliae evolved from a sympatric pathogenic population.

The fungus Verticillium dahliae causes wilts of several hundred plant species, including potato and mint. Verticillium spp. also colonize sympatric hosts such as mustards and grasses as endophytes.

On-Site Molecular Detection of Soil-Borne Phytopathogens Using a Portable Real-Time PCR System.

On-site diagnosis of plant diseases can be a useful tool for growers for timely decisions enabling the earlier implementation of disease management strategies that reduce the impact of the disease. Presently in many diagnostic laboratories, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), particularly real-time PCR, is considered the most sensitive and accurate method for plant pathogen detection. However, laboratory-based PCRs typically require expensive laboratory equipment and skilled personnel.

Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.

Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 257 Phytophthora infestans isolates belonging to four clonal lineages to study within-lineage diversity. The four lineages used in the study were US-8 (n = 28), US-11 (n = 27), US-23 (n = 166), and US-24 (n = 36), with isolates originating from 23 of the United States and Ontario, Canada. The majority of isolates were collected between 2010 and 2014 (94%), with the remaining isolates collected from 1994 to 2009, and 2015.

Sudden infant death "syndrome"-Insights and future directions from a Utah population database analysis.

"Sudden Infant Death syndrome" (SIDS) represents the commonest category of infant death after the first month of life. As genome scale sequencing greatly facilitates the identification of new candidate disease variants, the challenges of ascribing causation to these variants persists. In order to determine the extent to which SIDS occurs in related individuals and their pedigree structure we undertook an analysis of SIDS using the Utah Population Database, recording, for example, evidence of enrichment for genetic causation following the back-to-sleep recommendations of 1992 and 1994.

Pathogenicity and Aggressiveness of Three Alternaria spp. on Potato Foliage in the U.S. Northwest.

Alternaria spp. were collected from potato foliage showing symptoms of early blight and brown spot in the Columbia Basin, WA and Bonners Ferry and Rupert, ID between 2009 and 2011. The aggressiveness of three Alternaria spp.

Identification and Enumeration of Small-Spored Alternaria Species Associated with Potato in the U.S. Northwest.

A number of Alternaria spp. have been isolated from potato worldwide but only Alternaria solani and A. alternata have been described as pathogenic to this host in the United States.

Effect of Powdery Scab Root Galls on Yield of Potato.

Powdery scab of potato, caused by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea, has increased in incidence since 1981 to become a major concern for potato production in the Columbia Basin of south-central Washington and north-central Oregon.

Accuracy of Rain Forecasts for Use in Scheduling Late Blight Management Tactics in the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon.

Accuracy of prediction was analyzed for 17- and 30-day rain forecasts at two locations in the Columbia Basin to determine whether forecasts were sufficiently accurate to be included as a model component to schedule fungicide applications for potato late blight. Accuracy was partitioned into specificity (percentage of forecasted nonrainfall events classified correctly) and sensitivity (percentage of forecasted daily rainfall events classified correctly). An adjusted sensitivity, which included the forecasted rain day plus the next 2 days, was also used to give a wider target than only 1 day for evaluating accuracy of forecasted rain events.

CDX2 protein expression compared to alcian blue staining in the evaluation of esophageal intestinal metaplasia.

Aim: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of CDX2 and alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 staining in identifying esophageal intestinal metaplasia.

Methods: One hundred and ninty-nine biopsies from 186 patients were retrospectively reviewed and categorized as Barrett's esophagus (BE) (n = 108); non-Barrett's esophagus (NBE) (n = 48); columnar blue cells (CB) and esophageal glands (EG) (n = 43).

Effect of Extended Crop Rotations on Incidence of Black Dot, Silver Scurf, and Verticillium Wilt of Potato.

Potato tubers were collected and evaluated for symptoms and signs of black dot, silver scurf, and Verticillium wilt to determine the effect of extended crop rotations on disease incidences in the Columbia Basin. Incidence of tubers with black dot collected from storage significantly decreased as the number of years between potato crops increased from 3 to 5 years and beyond and significantly increased as the number of previous potato crops increased to 16. The highest incidence of black dot (range of 73 to 98%) was from fields rotated out of potatoes for 1 to 3 years.

ADAM "sequence" part II: hypothesis and speculation.

Noted for centuries in humans, a relatively hairless mammal [e.g., Hallero, 1766; Hohl, 1828 in Klunker, 2003], the so-called amniotic deformities, adhesions, mutilations (ADAM) sequence remains causally and pathogenetically incognito.

Fungicide Resistance of Two Species of Alternaria from Potato in the Columbia Basin of Washington.

Fungicides are extensively used in the Columbia Basin of Washington in an effort to manage early blight and brown spot on potato caused by Alternaria solani and A. alternata, respectively. Azoxystrobin and boscalid interfere with cellular respiration, and fungicide resistance is expected to occur in fungal populations due to the narrow modes of action dictated by each fungicide.

Postmortem ultrasonography of the macerated fetus complements autopsy following in utero fetal demise.

Postmortem evaluation following an in utero fetal demise is essential for determining cause of death and counseling regarding future pregnancies. Severe maceration and fetal size along with patient desires may limit the physician's ability to perform a complete autopsy. In the cases presented, we demonstrate the utility of postmortem ultrasonography as an adjunct to traditional autopsy following fetal demise.

Slow-Rusting Resistance in Native Spearmint to Puccinia menthae.

Rust, caused by Puccinia menthae, is often a serious yield-reducing problem on native and Scotch spearmint in south-central Washington State. Rust resistant mint cultivars would reduce a dependence on fungicides for disease management; however, conventional breeding practices are not possible because commercial mint plants are sterile. Mutant Scotch and native spearmint lines induced by irradiation were evaluated for partial resistance to rust.

A Plant Stem Inoculation Assay for Assessing Transmission of Phytophthora infestans from Potato Seed Tubers to Emerged Shoots.

A stem inoculation assay was developed to assess transmission of Phytophthora infestans from the base of belowground potato stems to emerged aboveground shoots. Sporangia of P. infestans subsequently developed on aboveground stems after belowground stems were inoculated with isolates BF05 (US 8 genotype), WA10.

Verticillium dahliae populations from mint and potato are genetically divergent with predominant haplotypes.

In total, 286 Verticillium dahliae isolates from mint, potato, and other hosts and substrates were characterized for mating type, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and multilocus microsatellite haplotype to determine population genetic structure among populations infecting mint and potato. Populations from mint and potato fit a clonal reproductive model, with all isolates a single mating type (MAT1-2) and multiple occurrences of the same haplotypes. Haplotype H02 represented 88% of mint isolates and was primarily VCG2B, while haplotype H04 represented 70% of potato isolates and was primarily VCG4A.

Incidence and impact of Verticillium dahliae in soil associated with certified potato seed lots.

Verticillium dahliae causes Verticillium wilt of potato and can be found in soil associated with potato seed tubers. The purpose of this research was to quantify V. dahliae in soil associated with certified seed tubers and determine if this potential inoculum source is related to disease development in the field.