Socioeconomic status and pediatric cochlear implant usage during COVID-19.

Objective: COVID-19 (COVID) delayed access to speech and hearing services. The objective of this study was to identify interactions between socioeconomic status (SES) and cochlear implant (CI) usage during COVID.

Methods: Consecutive pediatric patients (age 0-17) with CI and audiology visits between 2019 and 2022 at a tertiary care children's hospital were reviewed.

Socioeconomic Status and Cochlear Implant Usage: A Datalogging Study.

Objective: To evaluate the associations between proxy measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and usage of cochlear implants.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Usage outcomes were measured among patients with a cochlear implant and data logging at a tertiary care children's hospital between 2002 and 2017.

PORP vs. TORP in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the mean pre-operative air-bone gaps (ABG), mean post-operative ABGs, and extrusion rates between pediatric recipients of partial ossicular reconstruction prostheses (PORPs) and pediatric recipients of total ossicular reconstruction prostheses (TORPs) via a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A quantitative systematic review last updated on September 29, 2021 of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases was conducted for studies reporting mean post-operative ABGs or numbers of children with post-operative ABG ≤ 20 dB following PORP and TORP procedures in at least five children aged 0-18 years. Studies were excluded if they were review articles, conference abstracts, or not in English.

Association between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Esophageal Food Impaction in the Pediatric Population.

Objectives (1) To describe the presentation, management, and outcomes associated with pediatric esophageal food impaction (EFI) at a single tertiary care institution. (2) To identify the key clinical features of pediatric EFI that are associated with a diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Study Design Case series with chart review.

Second tympanostomy tube placement in children with recurrent acute otitis media.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the rate and predictors of electing for a second bilateral myringotomy and tympanostomy tube placement (BMT) in children with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Charts of 600 children who underwent BMT for RAOM between 2012 and 2014 were reviewed.

Surgical trainees and powered-drill use do not affect type I tympanoplasty hearing outcomes.

The purposes of this study were to determine if use of a powered drill or trainee involvement during tympanoplasty is associated with a decline in sensorineural hearing, as well as to examine whether trainee involvement affected tympanic membrane (TM) closure rates. This study was a chart review (February 2006 to October 2011) of 172 pediatric otolaryngology patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty for TM perforation of any etiology at a tertiary-care pediatric otolaryngology practice. Data collected included air conduction (AC) at 250 to 8,000 Hz, speech reception thresholds, bone conduction (BC) at 500 to 4,000 Hz, and air-bone gap (ABG) at 500 to 4,000 Hz.

Incidence of Pediatric Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Inner Ear Anomalies: A Large Multicenter Review.

Objective: To determine the pediatric incidence and association of superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) with inner ear (IE) anomalies.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Two tertiary referral centers.

Predictors of Foreign Body Aspiration in Children.

Objectives: To examine the sensitivity and specificity of history, physical examination, and radiologic studies as predictors of foreign body aspiration in children.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Diagnosis of Pediatric Foreign Body Ingestion: Clinical Presentation, Physical Examination, and Radiologic Findings.

Objectives: (1) To describe clinical and radiologic findings in patients with esophageal foreign bodies. (2) To examine the sensitivity and specificity of history, physical examination, and radiologic studies in children with suspected foreign body ingestion.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed evaluating all children who underwent esophagoscopy for suspected foreign body ingestion at our institution from 2006 to 2013.

Effect of Adenotonsillectomy on Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Down Syndrome.

Objectives: To determine and quantify changes in both central and obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Down syndrome (DS) after adenotonsillectomy (AT).

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Surgical outcomes with subperiosteal pocket technique for cochlear implantation in very young children.

Objectives: As data continue to emerge demonstrating improved hearing outcomes associated with younger age at time of cochlear implantation, more children aged 12 months or younger are undergoing this procedure. Drilling a well to house the cochlear implant receiver/stimulator (R/S) may carry an increased risk in this group of patients as the calvarium is thin and drilling an adequate well may require exposure of the underlying dura. Our group has employed a technique in this age group which involves securing the R/S in a subperiosteal pocket without creating a bony well.

Frequency-specific hearing outcomes in pediatric type I tympanoplasty.

Importance: Middle ear disease is the primary cause of hearing loss in children and has a significant impact on language development and academic performance. Multiple prognostic factors have previously been examined, but there is little published data regarding frequency-specific hearing outcomes.

Objective: To examine the relationship between type I tympanoplasty in a pediatric population and frequency-specific hearing changes, as well as the relationship between several prognostic factors and graft retention.

Evaluation and management of pediatric near-hanging injury.

Introduction: Children surviving a strangulation event are unique from adults in that they are at risk for significant airway compromise due to the smaller relative size of their airways. To date, no study has specifically evaluated the laryngeal findings and management of pediatric near-hanging patients.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all near-hangings presenting to the a tertiary care children's hospital from January 2001 until June 2010.

Patterns of injury and otolaryngology intervention in pediatric neck trauma.

Background: Neck trauma in the pediatric population is relatively rare with limited discussion in the literature describing the injury patterns and outcomes of all neck trauma victims. This study characterizes pediatric neck trauma both inside and outside the context of injuries requiring otolaryngology (ENT) intervention.

Methods: Patients sustaining neck trauma presenting to a single tertiary care hospital between January 2001 and June 2010 were included.

Perioperative incidence and management of hyponatremia in vWD patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

Objectives/hypothesis: To analyze the incidence and severity of hyponatremia in patients receiving synthetic desmopressin (DDAVP) in the perioperative setting of oropharyngeal surgery in the treatment of von Willebrand disease and to propose a standardized protocol for perioperative fluid resuscitation and postoperative sodium monitoring after DDAVP administration.

Study Design: Retrospective medical record review.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review in an academic pediatric medical center was conducted.

Role of the mastoid in middle ear pressure regulation.

Objectives/hypothesis: Determine the role of mastoid volume in middle ear pressure (MEP) regulation. The hypothesis was that inert gas exchange between blood and middle ear (ME) is slower for larger mastoid volumes.

Study Design: Prospective.

Inner ear and facial nerve complications of acute otitis media, including vertigo.

Acute otitis media is one of the most common diagnoses made in children in the United States. Intracranial and extracranial (intratemporal) complications have greatly decreased in the antibiotic era, but still remain a challenge when they arise. This article addresses two intratemporal complications with significant associated morbidity: facial nerve paralysis/paresis, and labyrinthitis.