Differential core pharmacotherapy in bipolar I versus bipolar II disorder and European versus American patients not in a syndromal episode.

Assess bipolar disorder subtype and treatment location effects on bipolar disorder core pharmacotherapy. Outpatients not in a syndromal episode referred to the University of Milan and Stanford University Bipolar Disorder Clinics were assessed with SCID for the fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mood Disorders, and the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder Affective Disorders Evaluation, respectively. Prevalence and clinical correlates of antidepressant, antipsychotic, and mood stabilizer use, in aggregate and individually, were compared in bipolar I (BDI) versus II (BDII) patients in Milan/Stanford and in Milan versus Stanford patients, stratified by subtype.

Antidepressants have complex associations with longitudinal depressive burden in bipolar disorder.

Aims: Antidepressants are common in bipolar disorder (BD), but controversial due to questionable efficacy/tolerability. We assessed baseline antidepressant use/depression associations in BD.

Methods: Stanford BD Clinic outpatients, enrolled during 2000-2011, assessed with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation, were monitored up to two years with the STEP-BD Clinical Monitoring Form while receiving naturalistic expert treatment.

Longer-Term Effectiveness and Tolerability of Adjunctive Open Lurasidone in Patients With Bipolar Disorder.

Purpose: To retrospectively assess lurasidone effectiveness/efficacy/tolerability in bipolar disorder (BD) patients.

Methods: Outpatients assessed with Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD Affective Disorders Evaluation received naturalistically administered (primarily adjunctive) open lurasidone while monitored at visits with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD Clinical Monitoring Form.

Results: Sixty-one patients (32 type I, 26 type II, 3 type not otherwise specified; mean ± SD age, 45.

Differential prevalence and demographic and clinical correlates of antidepressant use in American bipolar I versus bipolar II disorder patients.

Aims: Antidepressant use is controversial in bipolar disorder (BD) due to questionable efficacy/psychiatric tolerability. We assessed demographic/clinical characteristics of baseline antidepressant use in BD patients.

Methods: Prevalence and correlates of baseline antidepressant use in 503 BD I and BD II outpatients referred to the Stanford Bipolar Clinic during 2000-2011 were assessed with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation.

Episode accumulation associated with hastened recurrence and delayed recovery in bipolar disorder.

Aims: Assess episode accumulation (≥ 10 prior mood episodes) associations with demographic/baseline clinical characteristics and mood episode recurrence/recovery in bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: Stanford BD Clinic outpatients enrolled during 2000-2011 were assessed with Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation. Among recovered and syndromal mood episode patients, we assessed episode accumulation associations with demographic/baseline clinical characteristics and with recurrence/recovery (by Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, with mediators assessed with Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio (HR) analyses).

Subjective versus objective evening chronotypes in bipolar disorder.

Background: Disturbed sleep timing is common in bipolar disorder (BD). However, most research is based upon self-reports. We examined relationships between subjective versus objective assessments of sleep timing in BD patients versus controls.

Lifetime anxiety disorder and current anxiety symptoms associated with hastened depressive recurrence in bipolar disorder.

Aims: To assess differential relationships between lifetime anxiety disorder/current anxiety symptoms and longitudinal depressive severity in bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: Stanford BD Clinic outpatients enrolled during 2000-2011 were assessed with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation and followed with the STEP-BD Clinical Monitoring Form while receiving naturalistic treatment for up to two years. Baseline unfavorable illness characteristics/current mood symptoms and times to depressive recurrence/recovery were compared in patients with versus without lifetime anxiety disorder/current anxiety symptoms.

Abnormal sleep duration associated with hastened depressive recurrence in bipolar disorder.

Background: Abnormal sleep duration (ASD, <6 or ≥9h) is common in bipolar disorder (BD), and often persists beyond acute mood episodes. Few longitudinal studies have examined the ASD's impact upon BD illness course. The current study examined the longitudinal impact of ASD upon bipolar depressive recurrence/recovery.

Current irritability associated with hastened depressive recurrence and delayed depressive recovery in bipolar disorder.

Background: Current irritability is associated with greater retrospective and current bipolar disorder (BD) illness severity; less is known about prospective longitudinal implications of current irritability. We examined relationships between current irritability and depressive recurrence and recovery in BD.

Methods: Outpatients referred to the Stanford BD Clinic during 2000-2011 were assessed with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation at baseline, and with the Clinical Monitoring Form during follow-up during up to 2 years of naturalistic treatment.