Cataract Surgery and Cognitive Benefits in the Older Person: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Topic: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify the association of cataract surgery with cognitive impairment and dementia.

Clinical Relevance: The association between vision impairment and cognitive decline is well-established. However, the cognitive benefits of cataract surgery are less clear.

Systems modelling as an approach for eliciting the mechanisms for hip fracture recovery among older adults in a participatory stakeholder engagement setting.

Introduction: Due to an aging population, the rising prevalence and incidence of hip fractures and the associated health and economic burden present a challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. Studies have shown that a complex interplay of physiological, psychological, and social factors often affects the recovery trajectories of older adults with hip fractures, often complicating the recovery process.

Methods: This research aims to actively engage stakeholders (including doctors, physiotherapists, hip fracture patients, and caregivers) using the systems modeling methodology of Group Model Building (GMB) to elicit the factors that promote or inhibit hip fracture recovery, incorporating a feedback perspective to inform system-wide interventions.

The association of obstructive sleep apnea with blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's dementia - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by the aggregation of extracellular amyloid-beta and intracellular hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with increased AD risk. We hypothesize that OSA is associated with higher levels of AD biomarkers.

Negative and positive experiences of caregiving among family caregivers of older blunt trauma patients.

Objectives: Family caregivers play a fundamental role in the care of the older blunt trauma patient. We aim to identify risk factors for negative and positive experiences of caregiving among family caregivers.

Design: Prospective, nationwide, multi-center cohort study.

Health Services Use and Functional Recovery Following Blunt Trauma in Older Persons - A National Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Frailty is associated with morbidity and mortality in older injured patients. However, for older blunt-trauma patients, increased frailty may not manifest in longer length of stay at index admission. We hypothesized that owing to time spent in hospital from readmissions, frailty would be associated with less total time at home in the 1-year postinjury period.

Development of a short form of the Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale - Dementia: SCQOLS-D-15.

Purpose: The Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale - Dementia (SCQOLS-D), developed based on the Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale (SCQOLS), comprises 5 domains and 63 items. It has been shown to be a valid and reliable measurement scale. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a short form of the SCQOLS-D.

Frailty and length of stay in older adults with blunt injury in a national multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients suffering moderate or severe injury after low falls have higher readmission and long-term mortality rates compared to patients injured by high-velocity mechanisms such as motor vehicle accidents. We hypothesize that this is due to higher pre-injury frailty in low-fall patients, and present baseline patient and frailty demographics of a prospective cohort of moderate and severely injured older patients. Our second hypothesis was that frailty was associated with longer length of stay (LOS) at index admission.

Development and evaluation of the Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale - Dementia.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a measurement scale for multi-domain assessment of the quality of life of family caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) in Singapore, a multi-ethic society in South-East Asia where English is the lingua franca.

Methods: Items from the Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale (SCQOLS), which was originally developed in the context of advanced cancers, were adopted as candidate items. Furthermore, a multi-disciplinary panel reviewed dementia-specific caregiver quality of life scales to identified items not covered in SCQOLS for inclusion as candidate items.

Not All Falls Are Equal: Risk Factors for Unplanned Readmission in Older Patients After Moderate and Severe Injury-A National Cohort Study.

Objectives: Readmission after acute care is a significant contributor to health care costs, and has been proposed as a quality indicator. Our earlier studies showed that patients aged ≥55 years who are injured by falls from heights of ≤0.5 m were at increased risk for long-term mortality, compared to patients by high-velocity blunt trauma (higher fall heights, road injuries, and other blunt trauma).

One-year and three-year mortality prediction in adult major blunt trauma survivors: a National Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: Survivors of trauma are at increased risk of dying after discharge. Studies have found that age, head injury, injury severity, falls and co-morbidities predict long-term mortality. The objective of our study was to build a nomogram predictor of 1-year and 3-year mortality for major blunt trauma adult survivors of the index hospitalization.

Profile of the Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Gene 192Q/R Polymorphism and Clinical Associations among Older Singaporean Chinese with Alzheimer's and Mixed Dementia.

Background: To examine the prevalence of the Paraoxonase1 (PON1) gene 192Q/R polymorphism amongst Singaporean Chinese with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mixed dementia and possible clinical associations.

Methods: We examined the presence of the PON1 192Q/R polymorphism together with cognitive status, functional status and neuropsychiatric symptoms among 186 older Singaporean Chinese with AD (n = 109) and mixed dementia (n = 77).

Results: The R allele predominated in 67% of the AD patients and 63.

Serial diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in adult-onset citrullinaemia.

A 25-year-old Chinese man presented with a 2-year history of recurrent coma. His plasma ammonia level was extremely elevated, with raised citrulline level and absence of argininosuccinic acid. Adult-onset citrullinaemia, a condition rarely reported outside the Japanese population, was diagnosed.