Publications by authors named "Dennis Bii"

Article Synopsis
  • The RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine was tested for its effectiveness in a study involving 1,500 children aged 5-17 months in Ghana and Kenya, focusing on different dosing regimens.
  • Four different groups received the vaccine in varying full and fractional doses, while a control group got a rabies vaccine.
  • Results showed all RTS,S/AS01 regimens provided similar vaccine efficacy (25-43%) against new malaria infections, significantly reducing the number of infections over a 20-month follow-up period.
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Background: The RTS,S/AS01E (RTS,S) malaria vaccine is recommended for children in malaria endemic areas. This phase 2b trial evaluates RTS,S fractional- and full-dose regimens in Ghana and Kenya.

Methods: In total, 1500 children aged 5-17 months were randomized (1:1:1:1:1) to receive RTS,S or rabies control vaccine.

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Background: The only licensed malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01 , confers moderate protection against symptomatic disease. Because many malaria infections are asymptomatic, we conducted a large-scale longitudinal parasite genotyping study of samples from a clinical trial exploring how vaccine dosing regimen affects vaccine efficacy (VE).

Methods: 1,500 children aged 5-17 months were randomized to receive four different RTS,S/AS01 regimens or a rabies control vaccine in a phase 2b clinical trial in Ghana and Kenya.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the efficacy of different fractional-dose regimens of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in children, focusing on natural exposure rather than laboratory settings.
  • Conducted across sites in Ghana and Kenya, the trial involved children aged 5-17 months who had received basic vaccinations and compared their responses to various dosing schedules.
  • The primary goal is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these fractional doses compared to full doses over a period of 12 months, contributing valuable data to malaria vaccine development.
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The radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite (PfSPZ) vaccine provides protection against P. falciparum infection in malaria-naïve adults. Preclinical studies show that T cell-mediated immunity is required for protection and is readily induced in humans after vaccination.

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This retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to describe the association between adherence to clinic appointments and mortality, one year after enrollment into HIV care. We examined appointment-adherence for newly enrolled patients between January 2011 and December 2012 at a regional referral hospital in western Kenya. The outcomes of interest were patient default, risk factors for repeat default, and year-one risk of death.

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During an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial in East Africa, we observed 16 cases of primary HIV-1 infection in women coincident with pregnancy or breastfeeding. Nine of eleven pregnant women initiated rapid combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), despite having CD4 counts exceeding national criteria for ART initiation; breastfeeding women initiated ART or replacement feeding. Rapid ART initiation during primary HIV-1 infection during pregnancy and breastfeeding is feasible in this setting.

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