Investigating the effects of pelagic trawling on the welfare of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus).

The effects of pelagic trawling on the health and welfare of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) were investigated on a refrigerated seawater vessel operating in the North Sea. A total of 495 Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.

Hip muscle and joint contact forces before, 6 and 12 months after minimally invasive periacetabular osteotomy.

Background: Previous studies on different periacetabular osteotomy approaches for correction of hip dysplasia disagree on the time course of normalisation of muscle function postoperatively, some stating that especially hip flexor function is not fully normalised after 12 months.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate hip function during walking before, and 6 and 12 months after minimally invasive periacetabular osteotomy.

Methods: Using conventional 3D inverse dynamics followed by static optimisation, we calculated hip net joint moment and angular impulse, as well as individual muscle forces and hip joint contact force, during walking for 32 patients with hip dysplasia and 32 matched controls.

Isokinetic dynamometry and gait analysis reveal different hip joint status in patients with hip dysplasia.

Background:: Objective assessment of hip dysplasia patients' functional hip joint status routinely involves gait analysis or isokinetic dynamometry. However, these methods have shown equivocal results and have not been employed in the same groups of patients and controls.

Purpose:: To assess hip flexor and abductor moments by isokinetic dynamometry in the dysplasia patient and controls, for which we previously reported smaller flexor and slightly larger abductor moments during gait in patients compared to controls.

Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analysis of knee rotational stability in ACL-deficient patients during walking, running and pivoting.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency leads to altered stability of the knee. The purpose of this study was to compare the dynamic, rotational stability of the knee, expressed as rotational stiffness, between anterior cruciate ligament-deficient (ACLD) knees, their contralateral intact knees (ACLI) and a knee healthy control group during walking, running and 90° pivoting. We hypothesized a larger tibial internal rotation, a smaller knee joint external moment and a lower rotational stiffness in the ACLD group compared to the ACLI and the control group.

A review of computed tomography and manual dissection for calibration of devices for pig carcass classification - Evaluation of uncertainty.

Online pig carcass classification methods require calibration against a reference standard. More than 30years ago, the first reference standard in the EU was defined as the total amount of lean meat in the carcass obtained by manual dissection. Later, the definition was simplified to include only the most important parts of the carcass to obtain a better balance between accuracy and cost.

Walking patterns and hip contact forces in patients with hip dysplasia.

Introduction: Several studies have investigated walking characteristics in hip dysplasia patients, but so far none have described all hip rotational degrees of freedom during the whole gait cycle. This descriptive study reports 3D joint angles and torques, and furthermore extends previous studies with muscle and joint contact forces in 32 hip dysplasia patients and 32 matching controls.

Methods: 3D motion capture data from walking and standing trials were analysed.

Quantifying Gait Quality in Patients with Large-Head and Conventional Total Hip Arthroplasty--A Prospective Cohort Study.

We used the Gait Deviation Index (GDI) as method to compare preoperative to postoperative gait changes after uncemented 50 mm (median) large-head and 28/32 mm total hip arthroplasty (THA). We also identified predictors of improvements in GDI. Gait analysis and patient-reported (WOMAC) data were recorded in 35 patients before, 2 and 6-months after treatment.

Gait Deviation Index, Gait Profile Score and Gait Variable Score in children with spastic cerebral palsy: Intra-rater reliability and agreement across two repeated sessions.

The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and Gait Profile Score (GPS) are the most used summary measures of gait in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, the reliability and agreement of these indices have not been investigated, limiting their clinimetric quality for research and clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the intra-rater reliability and agreement of summary measures of gait (GDI; GPS; and the Gait Variable Score (GVS) derived from the GPS).

The use of the Gait Deviation Index for the evaluation of participants following total hip arthroplasty: An explorative randomized trial.

Introduction: In this paper, the Gait Deviation Index (GDI) was used as a convenient method to evaluate pre-to-postoperative gait pattern changes after total hip arthroplasty and identify factors which might be predictive of outcome.

Design: Three-dimensional gait data from a randomized clinical trial was used to determine changes in gait quality in participants walking at self-selected speed. Upon completion of the first assessment, the participants were randomly assigned to either resurfacing hip arthroplasty or conventional hip arthroplasty.

Forward lunge knee biomechanics before and after partial meniscectomy.

Background: Patients following meniscectomy are at increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral compartment and at the patellofemoral joint. As osteoarthritis is widely considered a mechanical disease, it is important to understand the potential effect of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) on knee joint mechanics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in knee joint biomechanics during a forward lunge in patients with a suspected degenerative meniscal tear from before to three months after APM.

Joint kinematics and kinetics during walking and running in 32 patients with hip dysplasia 1 year after periacetabular osteotomy.

Background And Purpose: Hip dysplasia can be treated with periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). We compared joint angles and joint moments during walking and running in young adults with hip dysplasia prior to and 6 and 12 months after PAO with those in healthy controls.

Patients And Methods: Joint kinematics and kinetics were recorded using a 3-D motion capture system.

Changes in walking and running in patients with hip dysplasia.

Background And Purpose: Earlier studies have suggested that the hip extension angle and the hip flexor moment in walking are affected by hip dysplasia, but to our knowledge there have been no reports on running or evaluations of self-reported health. We evaluated differences in walking, running, and self-reported health between young adults with symptomatic hip dysplasia and healthy controls.

Patients And Methods: Walking and running in 32 patients with hip dysplasia, mean 34 (18-53) years old, was compared with walking and running in 32 controls, mean 33 (18-54) years old.

Effects of an unstable shoe construction on balance in women aged over 50 years.

Background: Shoes with an unstable sole construction are commonly used as a therapeutic tool by physiotherapists and are widely available from shoe and sporting goods retailers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using an unstable shoe (Masai Barefoot Technology) on standing balance, reactive balance and stability limits.

Methods: Thirty-one subjects agreed to participate in the study and underwent balance tests on three different occasions.