Impact of implementing stricter criteria for blood transfusion in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing free tissue transfer.

Objective: Recent literature studying the impact of blood transfusion on outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have shown that blood transfusions are associated with increased risk of death and higher wound infection rates. The purpose of this study was to implement a lower transfusion threshold while comparing outcomes of free flap patients following initiation of a new transfusion guideline.

Methods: A retrospective study of all patients at a tertiary care academic center who underwent free tissue transfer after HNC resection between July 17, 2007 and June 7, 2021.

marks precursors of somatic lineages and is required for germline formation in the sea anemone .

In animals, stem cell populations of varying potency facilitate regeneration and tissue homeostasis. Notably, germline stem cells in both vertebrates and invertebrates express highly conserved RNA binding proteins, such as , , and . In highly regenerative animals, these genes are also expressed in somatic stem cells, which led to the proposal that they had an ancestral role in all stem cells.

Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis.

Background: The recent combination of genomics and single cell transcriptomics has allowed to assess a variety of non-conventional model organisms in much more depth. Single cell transcriptomes can uncover hidden cellular complexity and cell lineage relationships within organisms. The recent developmental cell atlases of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a representative of the basally branching Cnidaria, has provided new insights into the development of all cell types (Steger et al Cell Rep 40(12):111370, 2022; Sebé-Pedrós et al.

Muscle cell-type diversification is driven by bHLH transcription factor expansion and extensive effector gene duplications.

Animals are typically composed of hundreds of different cell types, yet mechanisms underlying the emergence of new cell types remain unclear. Here we address the origin and diversification of muscle cells in the non-bilaterian, diploblastic sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. We discern two fast and two slow-contracting muscle cell populations, which differ by extensive sets of paralogous structural protein genes.

Single-cell transcriptomics identifies conserved regulators of neuroglandular lineages.

Communication in bilaterian nervous systems is mediated by electrical and secreted signals; however, the evolutionary origin and relation of neurons to other secretory cell types has not been elucidated. Here, we use developmental single-cell RNA sequencing in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis, representing an early evolutionary lineage with a simple nervous system. Validated by transgenics, we demonstrate that neurons, stinging cells, and gland cells arise from a common multipotent progenitor population.

Comparison of partial least square, artificial neural network, and support vector regressions for real-time monitoring of CHO cell culture processes using in situ near-infrared spectroscopy.

The biopharmaceutical industry must guarantee the efficiency and biosafety of biological medicines, which are quite sensitive to cell culture process variability. Real-time monitoring procedures based on vibrational spectroscopy such as near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, are then emerging to support innovative strategies for retro-control of key parameters as substrates and by-product concentration. Whereas monitoring models are mainly constructed using partial least squares regression (PLSR), spectroscopic models based on artificial neural networks (ANNR) and support vector regression (SVR) are emerging with promising results.

An event generator for same-sign W-boson scattering at the LHC including electroweak corrections.

In this article we present an event generator based on the Monte Carlo program Powheg in combination with the matrix-element generator Recola. We apply it to compute NLO electroweak corrections to same-sign W-boson scattering, which have been shown to be large at the LHC. The event generator allows for the generation of unweighted events including the effect of the NLO electroweak corrections matched to a QED parton shower and interfaced to a QCD parton shower.

Precise predictions for same-sign W-boson scattering at the LHC.

Vector-boson scattering processes are of great importance for the current run-II and future runs of the Large Hadron Collider. The presence of triple and quartic gauge couplings in the process gives access to the gauge sector of the Standard Model (SM) and possible new-physics contributions there. To test any new-physics hypothesis, sound knowledge of the SM contributions is necessary, with a precision which at least matches the experimental uncertainties of existing and forthcoming measurements.

Large Electroweak Corrections to Vector-Boson Scattering at the Large Hadron Collider.

For the first time full next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections to off-shell vector-boson scattering are presented. The computation features the complete matrix elements, including all nonresonant and off-shell contributions, to the electroweak process pp→μ^{+}ν_{μ}e^{+}ν_{e}jj and is fully differential. We find surprisingly large corrections, reaching -16% for the fiducial cross section, as an intrinsic feature of the vector-boson-scattering processes.

Precise predictions for jets dark matter backgrounds.

High-energy jets recoiling against missing transverse energy (MET) are powerful probes of dark matter at the LHC. Searches based on large MET signatures require a precise control of the  jet background in the signal region. This can be achieved by taking accurate data in control regions dominated by  jet,  jet and  jet production, and extrapolating to the  jet background by means of precise theoretical predictions.

Role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 receptors in rodent models of meningeal nociception - Experiments in vitro.

Background: The TRP channel ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective cation channel known to be activated by environmental irritants, cold and endogenous mediators of inflammation. Activation of TRPA1 in trigeminal afferents innervating meningeal structures has recently been suggested to be involved in the generation of headaches.

Methods: Two in vitro models of meningeal nociception were employed using the hemisected rodent head preparation, (1) recording of single meningeal afferents and (2) release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the cranial dura mater.

Electroweak Corrections to pp→μ^{+}μ^{-}e^{+}e^{-}+X at the LHC: A Higgs Boson Background Study.

The first complete calculation of the next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections to four-lepton production at the LHC is presented, where all off-shell effects of intermediate Z bosons and photons are taken into account. Focusing on the mixed final state μ^{+}μ^{-}e^{+}e^{-}, we study differential cross sections that are particularly interesting for Higgs boson analyses. The electroweak corrections are divided into photonic and purely weak corrections.

Impact of obstructive and central apneas on ventricular repolarisation: lessons learned from studies in man and pigs.

Background: Sleep apnea (SA) is associated with sudden cardiac death. Compared to central apneas, obstructive apneas are associated with negative intrathoracic pressure swings inducing autonomic imbalance, which may disturb ventricular repolarisation resulting in arrhythmias.

Objectives: To identify the influence of obstructive apneas versus central apneas on ventricular repolarisation.

Diversity of honey stores and their impact on pathogenic bacteria of the honeybee, Apis mellifera.

Honeybee colonies offer an excellent environment for microbial pathogen development. The highest virulent, colony killing, bacterial agents are Paenibacillus larvae causing American foulbrood (AFB), and European foulbrood (EFB) associated bacteria. Besides the innate immune defense, honeybees evolved behavioral defenses to combat infections.

Human hamstring tenocytes survive when seeded into a decellularized porcine Achilles tendon extracellular matrix.

Tendon ruptures and defects remain major orthopaedic challenges. Tendon healing is a time-consuming process, which results in scar tissue with an altered biomechanical competence. Using a xenogeneic tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) as a natural scaffold, which can be reseeded with autologous human tenocytes, might be a promising approach to reconstruct damaged tendons.

Next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to W+W-bb production at hadron colliders.

Top-antitop quark pairs belong to the most abundantly produced and precisely measurable heavy-particle signatures at hadron colliders and allow for crucial tests of the standard model and new physics searches. Here we report on the calculation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to hadronic W(+)W(-)bb production, which provides a complete NLO description of the production of top-antitop pairs and their subsequent decay into W bosons and bottom quarks, including interferences, off-shell effects, and nonresonant backgrounds. Numerical predictions for the Tevatron and the LHC are presented.

Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to pp-->ttbb+X at the LHC.

We report on the calculation of the full next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to the production of ttbb final states at the LHC, which deliver a serious background contribution to the production of a Higgs boson (decaying into a bb pair) in association with a tt pair. While the corrections significantly reduce the unphysical scale dependence of the leading-order cross section, our results predict an enhancement of the ttbb production cross section by a K factor of about 1.8.

Strong and electroweak corrections to the production of a Higgs boson+2 jets via weak interactions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Radiative corrections of strong and electroweak interactions are presented at next-to-leading order for the production of a Higgs boson plus two hard jets via weak interactions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The calculation includes all weak-boson fusion and quark-antiquark annihilation diagrams as well as the corresponding interferences. The electroweak corrections, which are discussed here for the first time, reduce the cross sections by 5% and thus are of the same order of magnitude as the QCD corrections.

Neuromuscular Evaluation of Trunk-Training Exercises.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuromuscular activation profiles of trunk muscles in commonly used gymnastic strength exercises with a polymyographic set-up and to describe the training effects of each exercise. DESIGN AND SETTING: Subjects performed 9 repetitions of each of 12 gymnastic exercises. Variations of 5 trunk flexions, 5 extensions, and 2 lateral-flexion movements were performed under standardized test conditions.