Phosphodiesterase 5A regulates the vomeronasal pump in mice.

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a specialized chemoreceptive structure in many vertebrates that detects chemical stimuli, mostly pheromones, which often elicit innate behaviors such as mating and aggression. Previous studies in rodents have demonstrated that chemical stimuli are actively transported to the VNO via a blood vessel-based pumping mechanism, and this pumping mechanism is necessary for vomeronasal stimulation in behaving animals. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the vomeronasal pump remain mostly unknown.

Evaluation of aqueous dimethyl trisulfide as an antidote to a highly lethal cyanide poisoning in a large swine model.

Background: Cyanide is a rapid acting, lethal, metabolic poison and remains a significant threat. Current FDA-approved antidotes are not amenable or efficient enough for a mass casualty incident.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate short and long-term efficacy of intramuscular aqueous dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) on survival and clinical outcomes in a swine model of cyanide exposure.

Cyanide Poisoning Compromises Gene Pathways Modulating Cardiac Injury .

Smoke inhalation from a structure fire is a common route of cyanide poisoning in the U.S. Cyanide inhibits cellular respiration, often leading to death.

Analysis of the Soil Fumigant, Dimethyl Disulfide, in Swine Blood by Dynamic Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy.

Plant parasites and soilborne pathogens directly reduce the overall yield of crops, vegetables, and fruits, negatively impacting the market demand for these products and their net profitability. While preplant soil fumigation helps maintain the consistent production quality of high-value cash crops, most soil fumigants are toxic to off-target species, including humans. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) has recently been introduced as a relatively low toxicity soil fumigant.

Behavioural and physiological assessments of dimethyl trisulfide treatment for acute oral sodium cyanide poisoning.

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) is a commonly and widely used industrial and laboratory chemical that is highly toxic. Its availability and rapid harmful/lethal effects combine to make cyanide a potential foodborne/waterborne intentional-poisoning hazard. Effective antidotes to cyanide poisoning are currently approved only for intravenous administration.

Intramuscular dimethyl trisulfide: efficacy in a large swine model of acute severe cyanide toxicity.

Background: Cyanide is a deadly compound used as a terrorist agent. Current FDA approved antidotes require intravenous administration, limiting their utility in a mass casualty scenario. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), a sulfur-based molecule, binds cyanide converting it to the less toxic by-product thiocyanate.