Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography in Insular Glioma Surgery.

Background And Objectives: The surgical resection of insular gliomas is associated with a high rate of postoperative morbidity as they grow close to descending motor fibers and lenticulostriate arteries. It is believed that intraoperative perforator infarctions are the determining factor for patients' postoperative outcome, while the majority of patients with intraoperative ischemic events do not develop postoperative motor deficits. This study aims to evaluate whether navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and nTMS-based fiber tracking could be valuable for the preoperative assessment of patients with insular gliomas.

Frequency of Delayed Puberty in Boys with Contemporary Management of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Objective: Delayed puberty is thought to be common in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) treated with long term oral glucocorticoid. The aim of this study was to report the frequency of delayed puberty in DMD from examination by a paediatric endocrinologist alongside detailed endocrine investigations.

Methods: All boys with DMD aged at least 14 years in January 2022 known to the paediatric neuromuscular service (2016-2022) were included.

Facilitating the Sharing of Electrophysiology Data Analysis Results Through In-Depth Provenance Capture.

Scientific research demands reproducibility and transparency, particularly in data-intensive fields like electrophysiology. Electrophysiology data are typically analyzed using scripts that generate output files, including figures. Handling these results poses several challenges due to the complexity and iterative nature of the analysis process.

A modular and adaptable analysis pipeline to compare slow cerebral rhythms across heterogeneous datasets.

Neuroscience is moving toward a more integrative discipline where understanding brain function requires consolidating the accumulated evidence seen across experiments, species, and measurement techniques. A remaining challenge on that path is integrating such heterogeneous data into analysis workflows such that consistent and comparable conclusions can be distilled as an experimental basis for models and theories. Here, we propose a solution in the context of slow-wave activity (<1 Hz), which occurs during unconscious brain states like sleep and general anesthesia and is observed across diverse experimental approaches.

Developmental trajectories and cooperating genomic events define molecular subtypes of BCR::ABL1-positive ALL.

Distinct diagnostic entities within BCR::ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are currently defined by the International Consensus Classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias (ICC): "lymphoid only", with BCR::ABL1 observed exclusively in lymphatic precursors, vs "multilineage", where BCR::ABL1 is also present in other hematopoietic lineages. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes of 327 BCR::ABL1-positive patients with ALL (age, 2-84 years; median, 46 years) and identified 2 main gene expression clusters reproducible across 4 independent patient cohorts. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of fluorescence-activated cell-sorted hematopoietic compartments showed distinct BCR::ABL1 involvement in myeloid cells for these clusters (n = 18/18 vs n = 3/16 patients; P < .

General iterated function systems: Hausdorff dimension.

It is shown by Denker and Yuri [Contemp. Math. 63, 93-108 (2015)] that "general" iterated function systems admit conformal families of measures.

Simulations approaching data: cortical slow waves in inferred models of the whole hemisphere of mouse.

The development of novel techniques to record wide-field brain activity enables estimation of data-driven models from thousands of recording channels and hence across large regions of cortex. These in turn improve our understanding of the modulation of brain states and the richness of traveling waves dynamics. Here, we infer data-driven models from high-resolution in-vivo recordings of mouse brain obtained from wide-field calcium imaging.

Research Data Management and Data Sharing for Reproducible Research-Results of a Community Survey of the German National Research Data Infrastructure Initiative Neuroscience.

Science is changing: the volume and complexity of data are increasing, the number of studies is growing and the goal of achieving reproducible results requires new solutions for scientific data management. In the field of neuroscience, the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI-Neuro) initiative aims to develop sustainable solutions for research data management (RDM). To obtain an understanding of the present RDM situation in the neuroscience community, NFDI-Neuro conducted a comprehensive survey among the neuroscience community.

Evaluating the statistical similarity of neural network activity and connectivity via eigenvector angles.

Neural systems are networks, and strategic comparisons between multiple networks are a prevalent task in many research scenarios. In this study, we construct a statistical test for the comparison of matrices representing pairwise aspects of neural networks, in particular, the correlation between spiking activity and connectivity. The "eigenangle test" quantifies the similarity of two matrices by the angles between their ranked eigenvectors.

Acceleration of the SPADE Method Using a Custom-Tailored FP-Growth Implementation.

The (spatio-temporal pike ttern etection and valuation) method was developed to find reoccurring spatio-temporal patterns in neuronal spike activity (parallel spike trains). However, depending on the number of spike trains and the length of recording, this method can exhibit long runtimes. Based on a realistic benchmark data set, we identified that the combination of pattern mining (using the algorithm) and the result filtering account for 85-90% of the method's total runtime.

odMLtables: A User-Friendly Approach for Managing Metadata of Neurophysiological Experiments.

An essential aspect of scientific reproducibility is a coherent and complete acquisition of metadata along with the actual data of an experiment. The high degree of complexity and heterogeneity of neuroscience experiments requires a rigorous management of the associated metadata. The odML framework represents a solution to organize and store complex metadata digitally in a hierarchical format that is both human and machine readable.

Evaluation of Spike Sorting Algorithms: Application to Human Subthalamic Nucleus Recordings and Simulations.

An important prerequisite for the analysis of spike synchrony in extracellular recordings is the extraction of single-unit activity from the multi-unit signal. To identify single units, potential spikes are separated with respect to their potential neuronal origins ('spike sorting'). However, different sorting algorithms yield inconsistent unit assignments, which seriously influences subsequent spike train analyses.

Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in White Coat Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The long-term cardiovascular risk of isolated elevated office blood pressure (BP) is unclear.

Purpose: To summarize the risk for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality associated with untreated white coat hypertension (WCH) and treated white coat effect (WCE).

Data Sources: PubMed and EMBASE, without language restriction, from inception to December 2018.

Pubertal abnormalities in adolescents with chronic disease.

Pubertal disorders in the context of chronic disease especially in those with chronic inflammatory disorders or those requiring prolonged periods of treatment with glucocorticoid are common reasons for referral to the paediatric endocrine clinic. Disorders of puberty are also common in adolescents with disability requiring management by paediatric endocrinologists. In these adolescents, impaired skeletal development is also observed and this can be associated with fragility fractures.

Reproducible Neural Network Simulations: Statistical Methods for Model Validation on the Level of Network Activity Data.

Computational neuroscience relies on simulations of neural network models to bridge the gap between the theory of neural networks and the experimentally observed activity dynamics in the brain. The rigorous validation of simulation results against reference data is thus an indispensable part of any simulation workflow. Moreover, the availability of different simulation environments and levels of model description require also validation of model implementations against each other to evaluate their equivalence.

Rigorous Neural Network Simulations: A Model Substantiation Methodology for Increasing the Correctness of Simulation Results in the Absence of Experimental Validation Data.

The reproduction and replication of scientific results is an indispensable aspect of good scientific practice, enabling previous studies to be built upon and increasing our level of confidence in them. However, reproducibility and replicability are not sufficient: an incorrect result will be accurately reproduced if the same incorrect methods are used. For the field of simulations of complex neural networks, the causes of incorrect results vary from insufficient model implementations and data analysis methods, deficiencies in workmanship (e.

Massively parallel recordings in macaque motor cortex during an instructed delayed reach-to-grasp task.

We publish two electrophysiological datasets recorded in motor cortex of two macaque monkeys during an instructed delayed reach-to-grasp task, using chronically implanted 10-by-10 Utah electrode arrays. We provide a) raw neural signals (sampled at 30 kHz), b) time stamps and spike waveforms of offline sorted single and multi units (93/49 and 156/19 SUA/MUA for the two monkeys, respectively), c) trial events and the monkey's behavior, and d) extensive metadata hierarchically structured via the odML metadata framework (including quality assessment post-processing steps, such as trial rejections). The dataset of one monkey contains a simultaneously saved record of the local field potential (LFP) sampled at 1 kHz.

LFP beta amplitude is linked to mesoscopic spatio-temporal phase patterns.

Beta oscillations observed in motor cortical local field potentials (LFPs) recorded on separate electrodes of a multi-electrode array have been shown to exhibit non-zero phase shifts that organize into planar waves. Here, we generalize this concept to additional classes of salient patterns that fully describe the spatial organization of beta oscillations. During a delayed reach-to-grasp task we distinguish planar, synchronized, random, circular, and radial phase patterns in monkey primary motor and dorsal premotor cortices.

Barriers of Influenza Vaccination Intention and Behavior - A Systematic Review of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy, 2005 - 2016.

Background: Influenza vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to global efforts to reduce the burden of seasonal and pandemic influenza. Potential barriers of influenza vaccination need to be identified to inform interventions to raise awareness, influenza vaccine acceptance and uptake.

Objective: This review aims to (1) identify relevant studies and extract individual barriers of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccination for risk groups and the general public; and (2) map knowledge gaps in understanding influenza vaccine hesitancy to derive directions for further research and inform interventions in this area.

High-Performance Computing in Neuroscience for Data-Driven Discovery, Integration, and Dissemination.

Opportunities offered by new neuro-technologies are threatened by lack of coherent plans to analyze, manage, and understand the data. High-performance computing will allow exploratory analysis of massive datasets stored in standardized formats, hosted in open repositories, and integrated with simulations.

Atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab enhances antigen-specific T-cell migration in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Anti-tumour immune activation by checkpoint inhibitors leads to durable responses in a variety of cancers, but combination approaches are required to extend this benefit beyond a subset of patients. In preclinical models tumour-derived VEGF limits immune cell activity while anti-VEGF augments intra-tumoral T-cell infiltration, potentially through vascular normalization and endothelial cell activation. This study investigates how VEGF blockade with bevacizumab could potentiate PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition with atezolizumab in mRCC.

Synchronous Spike Patterns in Macaque Motor Cortex during an Instructed-Delay Reach-to-Grasp Task.

Unlabelled: The computational role of spike time synchronization at millisecond precision among neurons in the cerebral cortex is hotly debated. Studies performed on data of limited size provided experimental evidence that low-order correlations occur in relation to behavior. Advances in electrophysiological technology to record from hundreds of neurons simultaneously provide the opportunity to observe coordinated spiking activity of larger populations of cells.

Handling Metadata in a Neurophysiology Laboratory.

To date, non-reproducibility of neurophysiological research is a matter of intense discussion in the scientific community. A crucial component to enhance reproducibility is to comprehensively collect and store metadata, that is, all information about the experiment, the data, and the applied preprocessing steps on the data, such that they can be accessed and shared in a consistent and simple manner. However, the complexity of experiments, the highly specialized analysis workflows and a lack of knowledge on how to make use of supporting software tools often overburden researchers to perform such a detailed documentation.