Dense Collagen I as a Biomimetic Material to Track Matrix Remodelling in Renal Carcinomas.

Renal tissue is a dynamic biophysical microenvironment, regulating healthy function and influencing tumor development. Matrix remodelling is an iterative process and aberrant tissue repair is prominent in kidney fibrosis and cancer. Biomimetic 3D models recapitulating the collagen composition and mechanical fidelity of native renal tissue were developed to investigate cell-matrix interactions in renal carcinomas.

Spatial transcriptomic interrogation of the tumour-stroma boundary in a 3D engineered model of ameloblastoma.

Stromal cells are key components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their incorporation into 3D engineered tumour-stroma models is essential for tumour mimicry. By engineering tumouroids with distinct tumour and stromal compartments, it has been possible to identify how gene expression of tumour cells is altered and influenced by the presence of different stromal cells. Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial tumour of the jawbone.

Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review evaluated 3D osteosarcoma (OS) models' biomimicry, examining their ability to mimic the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their drug sensitivity. Adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the systematic search revealed 293 studies, with 70 selected for final analysis. Overall, 64% of 3D OS models were scaffold-based, compared to self-generated spheroid models.

RANKL neutralisation prevents osteoclast activation in a human ameloblastoma-bone model.

Ameloblastoma is a benign, locally invasive epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of the jaw. Treatment of choice is jaw resection, often resulting in significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to recapitulate ameloblastoma in a completely humanised 3D disease model containing ameloblastoma cells, osteoblasts and activated osteoclasts to investigate the RANKL pathway within the ameloblastoma stromal environment and its response to the RANKL antibody denosumab.

Modelling stromal compartments to recapitulate the ameloblastoma tumour microenvironment.

Tumour development and progression is dependent upon tumour cell interaction with the tissue stroma. Bioengineering the tumour-stroma microenvironment (TME) into 3D biomimetic models is crucial to gain insight into tumour cell development and progression pathways and identify therapeutic targets. Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive epithelial odontogenic neoplasm that mainly occurs in the jawbone and can cause significant morbidity and sometimes death.

Evaluating the Impact of a Biomimetic Mechanical Environment on Cancer Invasion and Matrix Remodeling.

The stiffness of tumors and their host tissues is much higher than most hydrogels, which are conventionally used to study in vitro cancer progression. The tumoroid assay is an engineered 3D in vitro tumor model that allows investigation of cancer cell invasion in an environment that is biomimetic in terms of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and stiffness. Using this model, the change in matrix stiffness by epithelial colorectal cancer cells is systematically characterized by atomic force microscopy indentation tests.

Associated changes in stiffness of collagen scaffolds during osteoblast mineralisation and bone formation.

Objective: Engineering bone in 3D is important for both regenerative medicine purposes and for the development of accurate in vitro models of bone tissue. The changing material stiffness of bone tissue had not yet been monitored throughout the process of mineralisation and bone nodule formation by osteoblasts either during in vitro engineering or in development perspective.

Results: Within this short research note, stiffness changes (Young's modulus) during in vitro bone formation by primary osteoblasts in dense collagen scaffolds were monitored using atomic force microscopy.

Bioengineering the ameloblastoma tumour to study its effect on bone nodule formation.

Ameloblastoma is a benign, epithelial cancer of the jawbone, which causes bone resorption and disfigurement to patients affected. The interaction of ameloblastoma with its tumour stroma drives invasion and progression. We used stiff collagen matrices to engineer active bone forming stroma, to probe the interaction of ameloblastoma with its native tumour bone microenvironment.

Risk factors for Epstein Barr virus-associated cancers: a systematic review, critical appraisal, and mapping of the epidemiological evidence.

Background: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infects 90%-95% of all adults globally and causes ~ 1% of all cancers. Differing proportions of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), gastric carcinoma (GC), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are associated with EBV. We sought to systematically review the global epidemiological evidence for risk factors that (in addition to EBV) contribute to the development of the EBV-associated forms of these cancers, assess the quality of the evidence, and compare and contrast the cancers.