Phospholipid Nanoemulsion-Based Ocular Lubricant for the Treatment of Dry Eye Subtypes: A Multicenter and Prospective Study.

Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition of the ocular surface (OS) characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis, ocular discomfort, and vision disturbances. Most available ocular lubricants target the aqueous deficiency of the tear, restoring only this layer, leaving the tear lipid stratum deficient, as occurs in most patients with evaporative DED. An innovative propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl guar enriched with a phospholipid nanoemulsion (PG-HPG-PH-N) is indicated to restore deficiencies in both the lipid and aqueous layers of the tear film, and its composition was designed to increase lubricant retention on the OS.

Meibography health score: a simple grading system for isotretinoin-induced meibography alterations on patients with acne vulgaris.

Purpose: To develop a simple, subjective, and reliable grading scale for isotretinoin-induced meibography changes.

Methods: After analyzing meibography images obtained from systemic isotretinoin users, a grading scale was proposed and named "meibography health score." The score ranged from 1 to 3, with decreasing gland reflectivity and identifiable margins.

A double-masked, sham-controlled trial of rose bengal photodynamic therapy for the treatment of fungal and acanthameoba keratitis: Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation with Green Light for Infection Reduction (REAGIR) Study.

Background: Infectious keratitis secondary to fungus or acanthamoeba often has a poor outcome despite receiving the best available medical therapy. Rose Bengal Photodynamic therapy (RB-PDT) appears to be effective against fungal and acanthamoeba isolates. In one published series RB-PDT reduced the need for therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in severe bacterial, fungal, and acanthameoba keratitis not responsive to medical therapy.

Adhesion of Acanthamoeba on Scleral Contact Lenses According to Lens Shape.

Purpose: To investigate the adhesion of Acanthamoeba to scleral contact lens (ScCL) surface according to lens shape.

Methods: Two strains of A. polyphaga (CDC:V062 and ATCC 30461) and one clinical Acanthamoeba isolate, were inoculated onto five contact lens (CL): one first-generation silicone hydrogel (SHCL; lotrafilcon B; adhesion control) containing plasma surface treatment; two ScCL (fluorosilicone acrylate) one containing surface treatment composed of plasma and the other containing plasma with Hydra-PEG, and two CL designed with a flat shape having the same material and surface treatments of the ScCL.

In Vitro Evaluation of Rose Bengal Photoactivated by Custom-Built Green Light-Emitting Diode Source for Bacteria and Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria Inhibition.

Purpose: In vitro evaluation of rose bengal (RB) photoactivated by our custom-built green light-emitting diode (LED) source for the growth inhibition of bacterial strains and rapidly growing mycobacterial (RGM) isolates in infectious keratitis.

Methods: Six corneal clinical bacteria isolates were included in this study: two Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] and Staphylococcus epidermidis), two Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens), and two RGM (Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium abscessus). Microorganisms were cultured and incubated at specific conditions and prepared in suspensions to adjust their concentration to 104 cells/mL.

Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Keratoconus With Enantiomorphic Topography After Bilateral Intrastromal Corneal Ring Implantation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) after intrastromal ring implantation in patients with keratoconus.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, interventional study. We analyzed 60 eyes of 30 patients aged 16 to 35 years who were treated at the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Corneal reshaping: an experiment with a type I collagen-based vitrigel for remodeling porcine corneas.

Purpose: This study aimed to report an experiment designed to determine anatomical changes in porcine corneas following placement of a novel polymer implant into the cornea.

Methods: An ex vivo porcine eye model was used. A novel type I collagen-based vitrigel implant (6 mm in diameter) was shaped with an excimer laser on the posterior surface to create three planoconcave shapes.

Scheimpflug-Derived Corneal Lower and Higher Order Aberrations Post Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments for Keratoconus.

Intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) improve corneal topographic symmetry and reduce corneal aberrations through regularization of the corneal surface, thereby functioning as a viable surgical intervention for patients with keratoconus. This study aims to evaluate changes in lower- (LOAs) and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) amongst varying pupil sizes pre- and post- ICRS implantation in keratoconus patients. We specifically investigate the impact of pupil size on total corneal HOAs up to the 6th order.

Vision Quality Questionnaire Assessment in Patients After Topography-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy for Irregular Astigmatism Secondary to Radial Keratotomy.

Aim: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life with the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life (NEI-RQL) questionnaire in patients with astigmatism secondary to radial keratotomy surgery who underwent topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy.

Methods: Prospective non-randomized clinical trial. This study included 15 patients (30 eyes) aged > 21 years, mean age 55.

Evaluation of childhood cataract characteristics at a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: To examine the epidemiological characteristics of children undergoing cataract surgery at a referral center in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, as well as the facts surrounding treatment delays.

Methods: In this transversal observational study, 240 operated eyes from 178 children undergoing cataract surgery were reviewed. The following aspects were analyzed: epidemiological and clinical characteristics, parental observations, red reflex test, operated eye, and age at cataract diagnosis and surgery.

Masquerade syndrome in ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

The aim of this study was to alert the ophthalmic community to an atypical manifestation of ocular surface squamous neoplasia, which may delay diagnosis and treatment and result in a guarded visual prognosis and significant sequelae. A 61-year-old immunocompetent man presented with an initial diagnosis of necrotizing scleritis in the right eye for 3 months. He was treated with systemic prednisone but experienced persistent pain and low visual acuity.

Corneal Response to Scleral Contact Lens Wear in Keratoconus.

Objective: To verify corneal alterations in patients with keratoconus who wear scleral contact lenses (ScCLs), focusing on corneal endothelial assessment.

Methods: Scleral contact lenses were fitted in 22 patients with keratoconus. During a 90-day follow-up, patients were assessed in three visits: at baseline, after 30 days, and after 90 days.

Impact of COVID-19 on corneal esthesiometry.

Individuals with suspected COVID-19 symptoms (n=202) were tested using nasopharyngeal RT-qPCR. All individuals underwent corneal esthesiometry measurements using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer during their first visit; 50 participants underwent an additional measurement at a mean interval of 32.5 (17.

Three Decades of Contact Lens-associated Microbial Keratitis in a Referral Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze patient data and the laboratory results of corneal samples collected from patients followed at the Ophthalmology Department, Hospital São Paulo, Brazil over a 30-year period, and correlate the analize with contact lens wearing.

Methods: Corneal samples from patients diagnosed clinically with microbial keratitis between January 1987 and December 2016 were included in this study. Cultures that were positive for bacteria, fungi, and Acanthamoeba spp.

Necrotizing Infiltrating Conjunctiva and Tenon's Capsule: A Case Report.

We report a case of a patient with necrotizing infection of the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule caused by , a rare and atypical ophthalmologic condition. A 50-years-old male patient with acute red-eye, purulent discharge, and pain diagnosed with post-septal cellulitis presented with a yellowish and dense membrane covering the ocular surface with necrotic Tenon's capsule. Patient was hospitalized, and intravenous antibiotics were initiated (ceftriaxone and clindamycin).

SARS-COV-2 and Ocular Surface: From Physiology to Pathology, a Route to Understand Transmission and Disease.

Coronaviruses gained public attention during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in East Asia in 2003 and spread of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012. Direct human-to-human contact and droplet are the main methods of transmission. Viral stability in aerosols on different surfaces supports evidence on indirect viral acquisition from fomites through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes.

Effect of steroid eyedrops after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients: a keratograph analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the use of preoperative steroid eyedrops in glaucoma patients undergoing trabeculectomy for ocular surface disease.

Methods: A total of 31 eyes of 31 glaucoma patients were included. Only glaucoma patients who had been using at least three topical intraocular pressure-lowering medications for longer than 6 months were included.

Conjunctivitis Related to not Severe COVID-19: A Case Report.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to report a bilateral conjunctivitis case in a patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Case Report/observations: A 24-year-old healthy man developed severe conjunctivitis in his right eye, followed by his left eye 4 days after fever and myalgia. He reported yellowish conjunctival discharge, foreign body sensation, redness, and tearing, and those symptoms were resolved in 10 days.

Microbial Cross-contamination in Multidose Eyedrops: The Impact of Instillation Angle and Bottle Geometry.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of instillation angle and nozzle tip geometry on cross-contamination risk of multidose ocular solution bottles.

Methods: solution was passed exclusively on the outside of the nozzle to simulate contamination on the exterior of topical agents. Three drops were administered from angles of 90° and 45° from bottles with either a round or sharp tip geometry, and the cultures were examined for growth.

Plication versus Resection in Horizontal Strabismus Surgery: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to compare the efficacy of rectus muscle plication versus resection on the treatment of horizontal strabismus and to evaluate the exodrift after each technique.

Methods: A research was performed in Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS); MEDLINE; and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial (CENTRAL). The database was searched by 30 June 2019.

Database of the alumni performance of the Ophthalmology Stricto sensu Postgraduate Program at Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP.

Purpose: To develop a database with social, demographic and professional information of all graduates of the two post-graduate programs in Ophthalmology of EPM-UNIFESP, including their opinions on quality, application, and contribution of the courses received in their professional careers.

Methods: The survey was conducted in the digital and physical archives of the University and by telephone contact. When the graduates' e-mails were all collected, the electronic questionnaire was applied.

Production, chemical composition, and economic viability of Minas Frescal cheese from buffaloes supplemented with açai seed.

We aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, production yield, and economic viability of Minas Frescal cheese produced with milk from buffaloes supplemented with açai seed as a substitute for corn meal. The experiment used five Murrah crossbred buffaloes with a mean body weight of 577 ± 20.4 kg, maintained under Megathyrsus maximus cv.

Primary Pediatric Keratoplasty: Etiology, Graft Survival, and Visual Outcome.

Purpose: Interventional study to evaluate the etiology, visual outcome and survival of corneal transplantation in children and to identify the risk factors associated with graft failure.

Design: Retrospective, interventional consecutive case series.

Methods: Medical records of every child 7 years of age or younger who underwent primary penetrating keratoplasty at Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo were reviewed.