A convenient expiratory positive airway pressure nasal device for the treatment of sleep apnea in patients non-adherent with continuous positive airway pressure.

Background: While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) effectively treats obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), adherence to CPAP is suboptimal. The short-term efficacy of and adherence with a convenient expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) nasal device was evaluated in OSA patients non-adherent with CPAP.

Methods: Participants were OSA patients who refused CPAP or used CPAP less than 3 h per night.

Enhancing slow wave sleep with sodium oxybate reduces the behavioral and physiological impact of sleep loss.

Study Objectives: To investigate whether enhancement of slow wave sleep (SWS) with sodium oxybate reduces the impact of sleep deprivation.

Design: Double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled design

Setting: Sleep research laboratory

Participants: Fifty-eight healthy adults (28 placebo, 30 sodium oxybate), ages 18-50 years.

Interventions: A 5-day protocol included 2 screening/baseline nights and days, 2 sleep deprivation nights, each followed by a 3-h daytime (08:00-11:00) sleep opportunity and a recovery night.

Pharmacologic management of insomnia: past, present, and future.

Views on the etiology and morbidities associated with insomnia are evolving and affect clinicians' approach to the pharmacologic management of insomnia. Currently, benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BzRAs) and a single melatonin receptor agonist are recognized as safe and efficacious hypnotics. Variability in BzRAs, pharmacokinetics, and manipulation of dose provide clinicians with options that meet the needs of most patients.