Sugar sweetened beverages intake and risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in longitudinal studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis with 1.5 million individuals.

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are associated with adverse outcomes in adults and understanding the strength, consistency and biological gradient of the association between SSB consumption and health-related outcomes is important. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) intake and obesity and cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke) in adults.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis searching for articles published until December 2021 in the Pubmed, Lilacs, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases (PROSPERO CRD42021234206).

Intergenerational transmission of birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objectives of this study were (1) to systematically review the literature on the association between birth weight in children born in the first and second generation and (2) to quantify this association by performing a meta-analysis. A systematic review was carried out in six databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and LILACS), in January 2021, for studies that recorded the birth weight of parents and children. A meta-analysis using random effects to obtain a pooled effect of the difference in birth weight and the association of low birth weight (LBW) between generations was performed.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and IL-6 in two cohorts from high- and middle-income countries.

This study evaluated the association between ultra-processed foods (UPF) on serum IL-6 and to investigate the mediation role of adiposity. Participants were 524 adults from the EPITeen Cohort (Porto, Portugal) and 2888 participants from the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort (Pelotas, Brazil). Dietary intake was collected using FFQ when participants were 21 years of age in the EPITeen and 23 years in the Pelotas Cohort.

Epidemiology of interleukin-6: the 30-year follow-up of the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death globally. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a biomarker of cardiovascular risk.

Aim: To investigate factors associated with IL-6 concentration in serum, from early life up to 30 years of age.

What is the effect of resveratrol on obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Obesity is increasing worldwide. Resveratrol appears as a substance capable of helping with weight loss. This study aimed to investigate the resveratrol effect in the treatment of obesity in general population.

Omega-3 supplementation and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to review the literature on studies that evaluated the effects of omega-3 supplementation on parameters of diabetes in humans. An online search was conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Science. It included experimental studies that investigated the effects of omega-3 supplementation for diabetes treatment or prevention and its relationship with fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin.

Obesity and ADHD: Exploring the role of body composition, BMI polygenic risk score, and reward system genes.

The association between obesity and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been extensively reported in the literature. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the association between body composition and ADHD and explore the possible genetic mechanisms involved.

Food processing and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the evidence for the association between food consumption according to processing and cardiometabolic factors in adults and/or the elderly. METHOD Two independent evaluators analyzed the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Lilacs until December 2018. We used the following terms: (convenience foods OR food processing OR highly-processed OR industrialized foods OR minimally-processed OR prepared foods OR processed foods OR ultra-processed OR ultraprocessed OR ultra processed OR unprocessed) AND (metabolic syndrome OR hypertension OR blood pressure OR diabetes mellitus OR glucose OR glycaemia OR insulin OR cholesterol OR triglycerides OR blood lipids OR overweight OR obesity) AND (adult OR adults OR adulthood OR aged OR elderly OR old).

Violence against women in life: study among Primary Care users.

This article aims to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner violence among primary care users. Cross-sectional study with women aged 20 to 59 years. Physical, sexual and psychological violence was screened by the World Health Organization instrument.

Common Mental Disorders and Contemporary Factors: 1982 Birth Cohort.

Objective: To describe the association between common mental disorders and socio-demographic variables, smoking habits and stressful events among the 30-year-old members of a 1982 cohort.

Method: Mental disorder was analyzed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Poisson regression was used to analyze the unadjusted and adjusted associations.

Violence against women and its association with the intimate partner's profile: a study with primary care users.

Objective: To verify the association between the history of violence against women and the socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of intimate partners.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 938 women using basic health care, aged between 20 and 59 years, who at the time of the interview had an intimate partner. Information about the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of the intimate partner were collected, as well as the WHO VAW Study instrument for tracking the psychological, physical and sexual violence experienced in the past year.

[Association of excess weight and obesity and mortality in Brazilian state capitals and Argentine provinces].

This study aimed to assess the association between prevalence of excess weight and obesity and overall and disease-specific mortality rates in Brazilian state capitals and Argentine provinces. This was an ecological study with secondary data, where the principal exposures were prevalence rates for excess weight and obesity, estimated with data from Brazil's Vigitel survey (Risk and Protective Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Through Telephone Interveiew) in 2014 and Argentina's National Risk Factor Survey in 2013. Overall and specific mortality rates for the year 2015 were obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System in the Brazilian Health Informatics Department and the Division of Health Statistics and Information of the Argentine Ministry of Health.

The community health worker as interlocutor in complementary feeding in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

This paper evaluates the knowledge of community health workers in complementary feeding and their association with sociodemographic characteristics, work routines and describes the resources available in primary care facilities to master this topic. We applied questionnaires to the responsible for health services and to community health workers, the latter consisting of a knowledge test that allowed the calculation of scores according to the number of correct answers in multiple-choice questions. There was a positive association with age, length of service, home visits to children under 24 months, providing guidance or seeking information about complementary feeding with the knowledge in feeding in the first 24 months of life.

Factors associated with having mammography examinations in primary health care users in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Objectives: to estimate prevalence and factors associated with having mammography examinations among adult women aged 40 to 59 years old in primary health care services.

Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in 26 health centers in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil; data were collected from March to September 2014; the independent variables described sociodemographic, behavioral and reproductive characteristics, having mammography performed every two years as the outcome.

Results: 400 users participated, 57.

Overweight trajectory and cardio metabolic risk factors in young adults.

Background: Obesity is one of the conditions that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Studies about obesity trajectory and cardio metabolic outcomes at adulthood are still scarce. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between patterns of overweight over the life-course and cardio metabolic risk factors in young adults.

The Controlled Direct Effect of Early-Life Socioeconomic Position on Periodontitis in a Birth Cohort.

This study used data from the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil, to estimate the controlled direct effect of early-life socioeconomic position (SEP) on periodontitis at age 31 years, controlling for adulthood income and education, smoking, and dental hygiene. Sex was included as a covariate. Early-life SEP was measured at participant birth based on income, health services payment mode, maternal education, height, and skin color (lower versus middle/higher SEP).

Implication of violence against women on not performing the cytopathologic test.

Objective: To analyze the association between intimate partner violence and not performing the cytopathologic test in the last three years.

Methods: It is a transversal study, performed in 26 health units in the city of Vitória, state Espírito Santo, from march to September 2014. The sample was constituted by 106 primary care female users, aging from 30 to 59 years-old.

An empirical assessment of the Healthy Early Childhood Program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.

We investigate the effect of a family-based primary health care program (Healthly Early Childhood Program) on infant mortality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We estimate infant mortality's counterfactual trajectories using the differences-in-differences approach, combined with the use of longitudinal data for all municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Our main result is that the program reduced the number of deaths caused by external causes.

Conditions of gestation, childbirth and childhood associated with C-peptide in young adults in the 1982 Birth Cohort in Pelotas-RS; Brazil.

Background: The connecting peptide in insulin has been associated with cardiovascular risk and overall mortality in the adult population. However, its early determinants are unknown. Assess the association of exposures during pregnancy, delivery, and childhood with C-peptide among 22-23 years old individuals prospectively followed since birth, in a southern Brazilian city.

Violence against women, Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with psychological, physical and sexual violence in women victims of intimate partner violence assisted in the primary care services.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 26 health units in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, from March to September 2014. We interviewed 991 women aged 20-59 years.

[Trends and inequalities in risk behaviors among adolescents: a comparison of birth cohorts in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil].

This study focuses on trends and inequalities in health risk behaviors among adolescents. A cross-sectional study compared two birth cohorts in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The sample included 1,281 adolescents from the 1982 cohort and 4,106 from the 1993 cohort, followed in 2001 and 2011, respectively.

[Social impact of literacy in the household: analysis of the association with smoking in illiterate co-residents in Brazil].

Objective To investigate the social impact of literacy on the smoking behavior of illiterate individuals who share the household with literate individuals. Method This cross-sectional study employed data from the 2008 Brazilian National Household Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, PNAD). Smokers were defined as individuals reporting use of any tobacco product daily or less than daily.

Genomic ancestry and the social pathways leading to major depression in adulthood: the mediating effect of socioeconomic position and discrimination.

Background: Evidence suggests that there is an association between ethnicity/skin color and depression; however, many contextual and individual variables, like sense of discrimination and socioeconomic position (SEP), might influence the direction of this association. We assessed the association between African ancestry and major depression among young adults that have been followed-up since birth in a Southern Brazilian city, and the mediating effect of SEP and discrimination.

Methods: In 1982, all hospital deliveries in Pelotas (Southern Brazil) were identified; liveborns were examined and their mothers interviewed (n = 5914).