Neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants enrolled in myo-inositol randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study evaluates the 24-month follow-up for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network (NRN) Inositol for Retinopathy Trial.

Study Design: Bayley Scales of Infants Development-III and a standardized neurosensory examination were performed in infants enrolled in the main trial. Moderate/severe NDI was defined as BSID-III Cognitive or Motor composite score <85, moderate or severe cerebral palsy, blindness, or hearing loss that prevents communication despite amplification were assessed.

Effects of Myo-inositol on Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Preterm Infants <28 Weeks' Gestational Age: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies of myo-inositol in preterm infants with respiratory distress found reduced severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and less frequent ROP, death, and intraventricular hemorrhage. However, no large trials have tested its efficacy or safety.

Objective: To test the adverse events and efficacy of myo-inositol to reduce type 1 ROP among infants younger than 28 weeks' gestational age.

Cataract Surgery in Children from Birth to Less than 13 Years of Age: Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort.

Objective: To describe baseline characteristics, initial postoperative refractive errors, operative complications, and magnitude of the intraocular lens (IOL) prediction error for refractive outcome in children undergoing lensectomy largely in North America.

Design: Prospective registry study of children from birth to <13 years of age who underwent lensectomy for any reason within 45 days preceding enrollment.

Participants: Total of 1266 eyes of 994 children; 49% female and 59% white.

Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Review of Current Screening Guidelines and Treatment Options.

With advancements in neonatal intensive care units, the early detection of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants is extremely important. It is critical for physicians to recognize children at risk and ensure they receive appropriate screening and monitoring. This article will discuss risk factors, screening guidelines, classification and treatment of this disease in premature infants.

Management of infantile esotropia.

Purpose Of Review: Surgical treatment has been the accepted mode of treatment for infantile esotropia for decades. The present review of recent literature evaluates the current standing of: type of surgery performed and best timing of surgery to achieve optimal results.

Recent Findings: Recent studies suggest that early surgical intervention is of benefit by improving the probability of developing stereopsis.

Retinal involvement in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis.

The authors describe the clinical presentations and ophthalmic findings of two patients with juvenile dermatomyositis. The results of their dilated eye examinations proved to influence the treatment of the disease process because retinal pathology was used as a factor to escalate the degree of anti-inflammatory therapy. Therefore, an initial ophthalmic examination may be considered in patients with new-onset juvenile dermatomyositis.

Intraocular lens use in challenging pediatric cases.

Purpose Of Review: The technological advancement of intraocular lenses (IOLs) in recent years has increased their use in the pediatric population. This has led to the use of IOLs in children in whom they would not have been considered in the past. Yet, the majority of the literature looking at the use of specialty IOLs is in the adult literature.

Visual outcome and success of amblyopia treatment in unilateral small posterior lens opacities and lenticonus initially treated nonsurgically.

Purpose: We sought to assess the success of amblyopia treatment in patients with small posterior lens opacities as well as the factors associated with a good visual outcome.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with posterior lens opacities that initially were thought to be too small in size to warrant cataract surgery. The following variables were examined: cataract type, location, diameter, persistent hyaloid vessel, anisometropia, strabismus, and age of detection.

Management of corneal abrasion in children: a randomized clinical trial.

Study Objective: We compare percentage of healing, comfort, and complications in children with corneal abrasions treated with an eye patch versus no eye patch.

Methods: We performed a randomized clinical trial of patients aged 3 to 17 years who were diagnosed with isolated corneal abrasion. Patients were randomly assigned to an eye patch or no patch group.