Identification of Phenolic Compounds in the Invasive Plants Staghorn Sumac and Himalayan Balsam: Impact of Time and Solvent on the Extraction of Phenolics and Extract Evaluation on Germination Inhibition.

An HPLC-MS-DAD analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out on the extracts of staghorn sumac ( L.) and Himalayan balsam ( Royle). This study focuses on the influence of solvent type and extraction time on the phenolic extraction efficiency from both invasive plants.

Metabolic Response of Peach Fruit to Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ( Stål.)'s Infestation.

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB; Stål.) is a highly destructive and polyphagous invasive pest that poses a serious threat to more than a hundred reported host plants. In the current study, the metabolic response of peach fruit of two cultivars-'Maria Marta' and 'Redhaven'-to BMSB infestation was studied using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS).

Changes in the Fruit Quality Parameters of Medlar Fruit ( L.) after Heat Treatment, Storage, Freezing or Hoarfrost.

The present study deals with the comparison of traditional fruit processing methods on medlar fruits and their effects on sugar content, organic acids, and phenolic composition in the medlar fruit variety 'Domača nešplja'. The study aimed to analyze which processing methods can be used to make technologically mature medlar fruits that are not yet suitable for consumption edible and to maintain their good chemical quality. The two major sugars in medlars are fructose (59.

Small RNA Sequencing and Multiplex RT-PCR for Diagnostics of Grapevine Viruses and Virus-like Organisms.

Metagenomic approaches used for virus diagnostics allow for rapid and accurate detection of all viral pathogens in the plants. In order to investigate the occurrence of viruses and virus-like organisms infecting grapevine from the Ampelographic collection Kromberk in Slovenia, we used Ion Torrent small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) and the VirusDetect pipeline to analyze the sRNA-seq data. The used method revealed the presence of: (GLRaV-1), (GLRaV-2), (GLRaV-3), (GRSPaV), (GFLV) and its satellite RNA (satGFLV), (GFkV), (GRVFV), (GPGV), (GV-Sat), (HSVd), and (GYSVd-1).

Elimination of Eight Viruses and Two Viroids from Preclonal Candidates of Six Grapevine Varieties ( L.) through In Vivo Thermotherapy and In Vitro Meristem Tip Micrografting.

Viruses and virus-like organisms are a major problem in viticulture worldwide. They cannot be controlled by standard plant protection measures, and once infected, plants remain infected throughout their life; therefore, the propagation of healthy vegetative material is crucial. In vivo thermotherapy at 36-38 °C for at least six weeks, followed by meristem tip micrografting (0.

Virome Status of Preclonal Candidates of Grapevine Varieties ( L.) From the Slovenian Wine-Growing Region Primorska as Determined by High-Throughput Sequencing.

Diseases caused by viruses and virus-like organisms are one of the major problems in viticulture and grapevine marketing worldwide. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis and identification is crucial. In this study, we used HTS of virus- and viroid-derived small RNAs to determine the virome status of Slovenian preclonal candidates of autochthonous and local grapevine varieties ( L.

Unraveling the genetic origin of 'Glera', 'Ribolla Gialla' and other autochthonous grapevine varieties from Friuli Venezia Giulia (northeastern Italy).

'Glera' and 'Ribolla Gialla' are the most economically relevant local grapevine cultivars of Friuli Venezia Giulia region (north-eastern Italy). 'Glera' is used to produce the world-renowned Prosecco wine. 'Ribolla Gialla' cultivation is constantly increasing due to the strong demand for sparkling wine and is the most important variety in Brda (Slovenia).

The impact of food processing on the phenolic content in products made from juneberry (Amelanchier lamarckii) fruits.

Sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds were analyzed in the fruits of juneberry (Amelanchier lamarckii). Different food products were made from fresh juneberry fruits: jam, liqueur, juice, and tea. A detailed analysis of the phenolic component was performed using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and the content of phenolics in different products was compared with the control treatment (fresh fruits extracted with 70% methanol: 27% water: 3% formic acid; v/v/v).

Crop level vs. leaf removal: Effects on Istrian Malvasia wine aroma and phenolic acids composition.

The impact of crop level and leaf removal on Istrian Malvasia (Vitis vinifera L.) white wine aroma and phenolic acids composition was studied over two vine-growing seasons. Two crop levels were combined with leaf removal or untreated control in two-factorial design.

Phenolic Responses to Esca-Associated Fungi in Differently Decayed Grapevine Woods from Different Trunk Parts of 'Cabernet Sauvignon'.

Alterations in phenolic contents were studied in Esca symptomatic (Sym) and asymptomatic (Asym) vines of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' based on wood conditions (healthy, HLT; necrotic, Nec; and rotten, Rot) and vine parts (head, trunk, and rootstock). In Asym vines, only Alternaria alternate was identified in Nec wood, while the HLT wood of Sym vines was colonized by Botryospaeriaceae sp. and Aureobasidium pullulans, Nec wood by Fomitiporia mediterranea, and Rot wood by Fomitiporia mediterranea and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora.

Double maturation raisonnée: the impact of on-vine berry dehydration on the berry and wine composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.).

Background: Double maturation raisonnée (DMR) is a potential canopy measure that affects grape and wine composition. The aim of this work was to study for the first time the DMR impact on the physical, biochemical and sensorial characteristics of the berries and wines of Merlot, one of the world's fastest-expanding grapevine varieties.

Results: DMR significantly increased the content of soluble solids (1.

The impact of canopy managements on grape and wine composition of cv. 'Istrian Malvasia' (Vitis vinifera L.).

Background: The interest in producing wines preferred by consumers increases the need for improving practices to modify grape and wine composition. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of three different canopy management measures, (1) early leaf removal in the cluster zone, (2) removal of young leaves above the second pair of wires and (3) Double Maturation Raisonnée, on the yield and chemical composition of 'Istrian Malvasia' grape and wine.

Results: Double Maturation Raisonnée had a significantly greater impact on phenolic compounds, while the highest soluble solids (24.

Adjustments of water use efficiency by stomatal regulation during drought and recovery in the drought-adapted Vitis hybrid Richter-110 (V. berlandieri x V. rupestris).

The hybrid Richter-110 (Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris) (R-110) has the reputation of being a genotype strongly adapted to drought. A study was performed with plants of R-110 subjected to water withholding followed by re-watering. The goal was to analyze how stomatal conductance (g(s)) is regulated with respect to different physiological variables under water stress and recovery, as well as how water stress affects adjustments of water use efficiency (WUE) at the leaf level.