Unintended placement of intraocular lens haptics in the sulcus and its association with posterior capsular opacification in pseudophakic post-mortem eyes.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of unintended placement of intraocular lens (IOL) haptics in the sulcus and its association with posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: 428 post-mortem pseudophakic human eyes.

Anastomotic metabolic and bariatric surgeries with same-day discharge: 30-day outcomes of a cohort from a high-volume center in Canada.

Background: On the basis of our extensive experience in same-day discharge (SDD) sleeve gastrectomy, we extended this management strategy to anastomotic metabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBS).

Objectives: To retrospectively analyze early outcomes (≤30 d) after anastomotic MBS with planned SDD (≤12 hr).

Setting: University Hospital, Canada; Public Practice.

Fully ambulatory robotic single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI): 40 consecutive patients in a single tertiary bariatric center.

Background: Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal bypass (SADI) is becoming a key option as a revision procedure after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). However, its safety as an ambulatory procedure (length of stay < 12 h) has not been widely described.

Methods: A prospective bariatric study of 40 patients undergoing SADI robotic surgery after LSG with same day discharge (SDD), was undertaken in April 2021.

Schwannoma in the Rectum: A Case Report.

A woman in her 60s with a past medical history of recurrent  (. ) presented for surgical consultation after a colonoscopy revealed a mass in the rectum. Preoperative biopsy revealed mucosal excrescence with no dysplasia or malignant changes.

A chemogenetic approach for dopamine imaging with tunable sensitivity.

Genetically-encoded dopamine (DA) sensors enable high-resolution imaging of DA release, but their ability to detect a wide range of extracellular DA levels, especially tonic versus phasic DA release, is limited by their intrinsic affinity. Here we show that a human-selective dopamine receptor positive allosteric modulator (PAM) can be used to boost sensor affinity on-demand. The PAM enhances DA detection sensitivity across experimental preparations (in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo) via one-photon or two-photon imaging.

Colitis Cystica Profunda of the Hepatic Flexure: A Case Report.

A 72-year-old woman with a prior sigmoid resection for colon cancer underwent a right hemicolectomy after a colonoscopy revealed a mass in the hepatic flexure. A preoperative biopsy at colonoscopy showed tubulovillous dysplasia with high-grade neoplasm. The final specimen pathology revealed benign mucosal elements with mucin pools consistent with colitis cystica profunda (CCP).

Myositis Ossificans Traumatica of Bilateral Sternocleidomastoid Muscles After Chiropractor Adjustment: A Case Report.

A woman in her 20s with a past medical history of surgical debulking of a right neck mass presented to the hospital for persistent and worsening right shoulder pain. The shoulder pain was associated with trismus and back and neck pain. A CT scan of the neck with contrast revealed post-surgical changes with increased heterotopic ossification throughout the surgical site extending to the supraclavicular soft tissues and the left sternocleidomastoid muscle, suggesting muscle ossification.

Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma: A Case Report.

Ewing sarcoma is one of the most common primary bone tumors arising from neuroectodermal cells mainly presenting in the younger population. Instances of this highly malignant tumor manifesting outside of the bone and outside of the typical age range create an unfamiliar clinical scenario. In this report, we present a rare extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma in a 42-year-old woman with a subcutaneous soft tissue mass in the posterior chest displaying a positive gene rearrangement via fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal bypass (SADI-S) as Primary or Two-Stage Surgery: Mid-Term Outcomes of a Single Canadian Bariatric Center.

Purpose: Compare primary single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) and two-stage SADI after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in terms of weight loss, reduction/remission of comorbidities, and morbidity.

Methods: Retrospective study including 179 patients treated laparoscopically between 2016 and 2020. A 50Fr bougie was used for the SG in the primary SADI-S (group 1) and 36/40Fr for the two-stage procedure (group 2).

Racial Differences in Aortic Valve Calcium Volume Among Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

“No difference observed in aortic valve calcium volume in patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR.”

Long-term follow-up of a cohort with post sleeve gastrectomy leaks: results of endoscopic treatment and salvage surgery.

Introduction: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most performed bariatric procedure worldwide. The most challenging postoperative complication is gastric leak. The objectives of this study are to examine the efficacy and morbidity of different therapeutic strategies addressing leakage, and the long-term outcomes of a cohort of LSG leaks.

Are the deprescribing guidelines for proton pump inhibitors in palliative care applicable? A monocentric observational study.

Objectives: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications. The aim of this study was to assess the appropriateness of prescribing PPIs in the palliative care unit on admission and during hospitalisation to determine the applicability of deprescribing recommendations.

Methods: A monocentric observational study was conducted over a 6-month period in 2020 in a university palliative care unit.

Synaptotagmin-1-dependent phasic axonal dopamine release is dispensable for basic motor behaviors in mice.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), motor dysfunctions only become apparent after extensive loss of DA innervation. This resilience has been hypothesized to be due to the ability of many motor behaviors to be sustained through a diffuse basal tone of DA; but experimental evidence for this is limited. Here we show that conditional deletion of the calcium sensor synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) in DA neurons (Syt1 cKO mice) abrogates most activity-dependent axonal DA release in the striatum and mesencephalon, leaving somatodendritic (STD) DA release intact.

Mice with humanized livers reveal the role of hepatocyte clocks in rhythmic behavior.

The synchronization of circadian clock depends on a central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. However, the potential feedback of peripheral signals on the central clock remains poorly characterized. To explore whether peripheral organ circadian clocks may affect the central pacemaker, we used a chimeric model in which mouse hepatocytes were replaced by human hepatocytes.

Clinical and anatomic correlates of objectively measured zonular dehiscence in 427 postmortem pseudophakic eyes.

Objective: This study aims to objectively measure the degree of zonular dehiscence in postmortem eyes and to assess for clinical and anatomic correlates.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Materials: Four hundred and twenty-seven postmortem pseudophakic human eyes.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase prevents obesity and cardiac ischemic injury.

Introduction: Although the physiological role of the C-terminal hydrolase domain of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H) is well investigated, the function of its N-terminal phosphatase activity (sEH-P) remains unknown.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess in vivo the physiological role of sEH-P.

Methods: CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate a novel knock-in (KI) rat line lacking the sEH-P activity.

Five-year outcomes after surgery for class 1 obesity: a retrospective analysis of a Canadian bariatric centre's experience.

Background: There is a paucity of literature exploring the role of bariatric surgery in class 1 obesity. We evaluated the 5-year outcomes after bariatric surgery in patients with class 1 obesity, assessing weight loss, resolution/reduction of obesity-related comorbidities, morbidity and mortality.

Methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective analysis of patients who underwent bariatric surgery (laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [LSG] or laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [LRYGB)]) for class 1 obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30.

Hypothalamic astrocytes control systemic glucose metabolism and energy balance.

The hypothalamus is key in the control of energy balance. However, strategies targeting hypothalamic neurons have failed to provide viable options to treat most metabolic diseases. Conversely, the role of astrocytes in systemic metabolic control has remained largely unexplored.

The Development of a Novel Bariatric Laparoscopic Simulator.

Bariatric surgery presents a specific challenge in surgical education; simulators need to take into account the specific technical difficulties related to the patient population but also to various types of surgery. We interviewed several leaders in the fields of bariatric and general surgery with experience in laparoscopic surgery and developed a bariatric-specific laparoscopic simulator. This novel simulator was constructed using a variety of silicone-based materials and 3D printing techniques to be reusable and adjustable for a variety of procedures, with no essential components being disposed of following each use.

"Rogue" [DEspR+CD11b+] neutrophil subset correlates with severity in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: Cumulative clinical, cellular, and molecular evidence reinforces the role of neutrophils in secondary brain injury in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). However, since generalized neutrophil inhibition is detrimental, identification of targetable "rogue" neutrophil subsets associated with sICH severity is key.

Methods: In a pilot prospective observational study of consented patients with sICH, we immunotyped whole blood to assess circulating neutrophil markers (~day 3 after ICH symptoms onset): (a) DEspR±CD11b± neutrophils by flow cytometry, (b) DEspR±CD11b± neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-forming neutrophils by immunofluorescence cytology, and (c) neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Homocysteine Metabolism Pathway Is Involved in the Control of Glucose Homeostasis: A Cystathionine Beta Synthase Deficiency Study in Mouse.

Cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) catalyzes the first step of the transsulfuration pathway from homocysteine to cystathionine, and its deficiency leads to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in humans and rodents. To date, scarce information is available about the HHcy effect on insulin secretion, and the link between CBS activity and the setting of type 2 diabetes is still unknown. We aimed to decipher the consequences of an inborn defect in CBS on glucose homeostasis in mice.

Bunge as a Potential Natural Compound against COVID-19.

Bunge, commonly called danshen, is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects, which include antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preclinical potential of extracts for the treatment of COVID-19. First, the impact of the extract on the binding between SARS-CoV-2 and the cellular ACE2 receptors was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), showing a significant reduction in binding by the extract at concentrations in the µg/mL range.