Use of the Lung Flute ECO to assist in sputum collection for tuberculosis testing: a randomised crossover trial.

https://bit.ly/47sDq8W.

Calcium modulation of bacterial wilt disease on potato.

Unlabelled: species complex (RSSC) is a phytopathogenic bacterial group that causes bacterial wilt in several crops, being potato () one of the most important hosts. The relationship between the potato plant ionome (mineral and trace elements composition) and the resistance levels to this pathogen has not been addressed until now. Mineral content of xylem sap, roots, stems and leaves of potato genotypes with different levels of resistance to bacterial wilt was assessed in this work, revealing a positive correlation between divalent calcium (Ca) cation concentrations and genotype resistance.

Brain-wide continuous functional ultrasound imaging for real-time monitoring of hemodynamics during ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke occurs abruptly causing sudden neurologic deficits, and therefore, very little is known about hemodynamic perturbations in the brain immediately after stroke onset. Here, functional ultrasound imaging was used to monitor variations in relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) compared to baseline. rCBV levels were analyzed brain-wide and continuously at high spatiotemporal resolution (100 μm, 2 Hz) until 70mins after stroke onset in rats.

Impact of extended interval dosing of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID 19-pandemic has led physicians to change their approach to treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to reduce hospital stays for patients.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the toxicity and efficacy of extended interval (EI) dosing of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) compared to standard dosing (SD).

Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, we included patients with stage III/IV NSCLC who were treated with ICIs with or without maintenance pemetrexed during the month before March 2020.

Impact of systematic advanced care planning in lung cancer patients: A prospective study.

Background: End-of-life (EOL) communication is crucial, particularly for cancer patients. While advanced care planning is still uncommon, we sought to investigate its impact on care intensity in case of organ failure in lung cancer patients.

Methods: We prospectively included consecutive lung cancer patients hospitalised at the Grenoble University Hospital, France, between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2016.

Interest of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in the management of refractory cancer pain in palliative care: Two case reports.

Background: Non-drug treatments should be systematically associated to the medical analgesic treatment during the terminal phase of cancer.

Cases Presentation: Patient 1, a 23-year-old woman, presented an adenocarcinoma of the rectum, with liver and lung metastases. Pain was initially treated by oral morphine and a combination of pregabalin and amitriptyline.

RETIRED: The use of magnetic resonance imaging in the obstetric patient.

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Oncogenic kit triggers Shp2/Erk1/2 pathway to down-regulate the pro-apoptotic protein Bim and to promote apoptosis resistance in leukemic cells.

Oncogenic mutations leading to persistent kinase activities are implicated in various human malignancies. Thereby, signaling pathway-targeted therapies are powerful customized treatment to eradicate cancer cells. In murine and human leukemia cells harboring mutations in Kit, we previously showed that distinct and independent pathways controlled resistance to apoptosis or cell cycle.

Cotargeting signaling pathways driving survival and cell cycle circumvents resistance to Kit inhibitors in leukemia.

Oncogenic mutations leading to persistent kinase activities are associated with malignancies. Therefore, deciphering the signaling networks downstream of these oncogenic stimuli remains a challenge to gather insights into targeted therapy. To elucidate the biochemical networks connecting the Kit mutant to leukemogenesis, in the present study, we performed a global profiling of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins from mutant Kit-driven murine leukemia proerythroblasts and identified Shp2 and Stat5 as proximal effectors of Kit.

Quantitative proteomic analysis of PCSK9 gain of function in human hepatic HuH7 cells.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays an important role in cholesterol homeostasis, mediating degradation of the liver low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). In fact, gain- and loss-of-function PCSK9 variations in human populations associate with hyper- or hypo- cholesterolemia, respectively. Exactly how PCSK9 promotes degradation of the LDLR, the identity of the other biomolecules involved in this process, and the global effect of PCSK9 on other proteins has not been thoroughly studied.

The precursor to the germ cell-specific PCSK4 proteinase is inefficiently activated in transfected somatic cells: evidence of interaction with the BiP chaperone.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 (PCSK4), also known as proprotein convertase 4 (PC4), is a serine endoproteinase primarily expressed in testicular germ cells and in sperm. Inactivation of its gene in mouse causes male infertility. From studies of the biosynthesis of PCSK3/furin, its closest relative, it has been inferred that PCSK4 is synthesised in the endoplasmic reticulum as a zymogen; that it is rapidly matured by autocatalytic cleavage between the prodomain and the catalytic domain; that the cleaved prodomain remains attached to the mature enzyme; and that the enzyme is finally activated by the removal of the prodomain peptides following a secondary cleavage within the prodomain.

Analysis of the subcellular phosphoproteome using a novel phosphoproteomic reactor.

Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. Mass spectrometry has been successfully used to identify protein phosphorylation in specific pathways and for global phosphoproteomic analysis. However, phosphoproteomics approaches do not evaluate the subcellular localization of the phosphorylated forms of proteins, which is an important factor for understanding the roles of protein phosphorylation on a global scale.

SOGC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE: guidelines for the management of vasa previa.

Objectives: To describe the etiology of vasa previa and the risk factors and associated condition, to identify the various clinical presentations of vasa previa, to describe the ultrasound tools used in its diagnosis, and to describe the management of vasa previa.

Outcomes: Reduction of perinatal mortality, short-term neonatal morbidity, long-term infant morbidity, and short-term and long-term maternal morbidity and mortality.

Evidence: Published literature on randomized trials prospective cohort studies, and selected retrospective cohort studies was retrieved through searches of PubMed or Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.

Initial evaluation and referral guidelines for management of pelvic/ovarian masses.

Objectives: To optimize the management of adnexal masses and to assist primary care physicians and gynaecologists determine which patients presenting with an ovarian mass with a significant risk of malignancy should be considered for gynaecologic oncology referral and management.

Options: Laparoscopic evaluation, comprehensive surgical staging for early ovarian cancer, or tumour debulking for advanced stage ovarian cancer.

Outcomes: To optimize conservative versus operative management of women with possible ovarian malignancy and to optimize the involvement of gynaecologic oncologists in planning and delivery of treatment.

Erythropoietin down-regulates stem cell factor receptor (Kit) expression in the leukemic proerythroblast: role of Lyn kinase.

Overexpression of the transcription factor Spi-1/PU.1 by transgenesis in mice induces a maturation arrest at the proerythroblastic stage of differentiation. We have previously isolated a panel of spi-1 transgenic erythroleukemic cell lines that proliferated in the presence of either erythropoietin (Epo) or stem cell factor (SCF).

Glycoproteomic reactor for human plasma.

We describe the development of a glycoproteomic reactor that combines multiple biochemical and chemical protein processing into a single device for the study of N-glycosylated proteins. The glycoproteins are first enriched by concanavalin A affinity chromatography and then transferred onto and efficiently processed in the glycoproteomic reactor. This glycoproteomic reactor combines protein concentration and purification, disulfide bond reduction, peptide-N-glycosidase-mediated (18)O-labeling and deglycosylation, alkylation, tryptic digestion and pH based fractionation in a device that has an interstitial volume (reaction volume) of approximately 1 microL.

Systematic determination of ion score cutoffs based on calculated false positive rates: application for identifying ubiquitinated proteins by tandem mass spectrometry.

We report a simple approach for determining ion score cutoffs that permit the confident identification of ubiquitinated proteins by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Initial experiments involving the analysis of gel bands containing multi-Ubiquitin chains with quadrupole time-of-flight and quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometers revealed that standard ion score cutoffs used for database searching were not sufficiently stringent. We also found that false positive and false negative rates (FPR and FNR) varied significantly depending on the cutoff scores used and that appropriate cutoffs could only be determined following a systematic evaluation of false positive rates.

[Improving organization of care could reduce referrals of cancer patients to the emergency department. Prospective analysis of 123 patients].

Objectives: The objective of this prospective study was to analyze the profile of cancer patients admitted to an emergency department.

Methods: The study included all cancer patients admitted to the emergency department of our tertiary care hospital during a 47-day period in 2004 and analyzed their demographic and medical data.

Results: Patients were predominantly male (65%) with an average age of 62 years: 90% already knew their diagnosis.

Tryptic digestion of ubiquitin standards reveals an improved strategy for identifying ubiquitinated proteins by mass spectrometry.

Ubiquitination plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating a multitude of essential processes. The ability to identify ubiquitinated proteins by MS currently relies on a strategy in which ubiquitinated peptides are identified by a 114.1 Da diglycine (GG) tag on lysine residues, which is derived from the C-terminus of ubiquitin, following trypsin digestion.

The proteomic reactor facilitates the analysis of affinity-purified proteins by mass spectrometry: application for identifying ubiquitinated proteins in human cells.

Mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to affinity purification is a powerful approach for identifying protein-protein interactions and for mapping post-translational modifications. Prior to MS analysis, affinity-purified proteins are typically separated by gel electrophoresis, visualized with a protein stain, excised, and subjected to in-gel digestion. An inherent limitation of this series of steps is the loss of protein sample that occurs during gel processing.

Semaxinib (SU5416) as a therapeutic agent targeting oncogenic Kit mutants resistant to imatinib mesylate.

Activating mutations in the Kit receptor are frequently observed in various malignancies, pointing Kit as a molecule of interest for drug inhibition. When mutated on Asp 816 (corresponding to Asp 814 in the mouse), as preferentially found in human mastocytosis and acute myeloid leukemia, Kit became non-sensitive to imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). Erythroleukemic cells isolated from Spi-1/PU.

Kit-activating mutations cooperate with Spi-1/PU.1 overexpression to promote tumorigenic progression during erythroleukemia in mice.

The erythroleukemia developed by spi-1/PU.1 transgenic mice is a multistage process characterized by an early arrest of the proerythroblast differentiation followed later on by malignant transformation. Herein, we report the presence of acquired mutations in the SCF receptor gene (Kit) in 86% of tumors isolated during the late stage of the disease.

Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphatase type II is an erythropoietin-responsive gene.

The erythroleukemia developed by spi-1/PU.1 transgenic mice is a multistep process. At disease onset, preleukemic cells are arrested in differentiation at the proerythroblast stage (HS1 stage) and their survival and growth are under the tight control of erythropoietin (Epo).

Overexpression of sphingosine kinase 1 is an oncogenic event in erythroleukemic progression.

The erythroleukemia developed by spi-1/PU.1-transgenic mice is a model of multistage oncogenic process. Isolation of tumor cells representing discrete stages of leukemic progression enables the dissection of some of the critical events required for malignant transformation.