The catalytic conversion of CO to CO through hydrogenation has emerged as a promising strategy for CO utilization, given that CO serves as a valuable C1 platform compound for synthesizing liquid fuels and chemicals. However, the predominant formation of CH via deep hydrogenation over Ru-based catalysts poses challenges in achieving selective CO production. High reaction temperatures often lead to catalyst deactivation and changes in selectivity due to dynamic metal evolution or agglomeration, even with a classic strong metal-support interaction.
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