Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Hospital-based Case-control Study from China.

Background And Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually occurs during the chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, the risk factors of CKD in an HBV population have not been completely demonstrated. Our present study aimed to investigate the risk factors of CKD in chronic HBV infection using a hospital based cross-sectional study in the northern area of China.

Hydroxychloroquine alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Renal fibrosis is the ultimate presentation of chronic kidney disease, which progresses to end-stage renal disease. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been adapted for the treatment of autoimmune diseases; however, the potential mechanism underlying the role of HCQ in renal fibrosis remains unclear. C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into three groups (sham group, UUO group, and UUO + HCQ group (20 mg/kg)).

Nephroprotective Effect of Adropinin Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats: Inflammatory Mechanism and YAP/TAZ Factor.

Background: Diabetic Nephropathy remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from renal dysfunction. This study accessed the nephroprotective role of Adropinin against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy in rats and scrutinizes the possible mechanism of action.

Methods: STZ (45 mg/kg) dose was used for inducing diabetic nephropathy (DN) and rats were divided into different groups and received the dose-dependent treatment of Adropinin.

IDO1 as a new immune biomarker for diabetic nephropathy and its correlation with immune cell infiltration.

Introduction: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1) has complicated roles in immune-inflammatory response regulation, but its correlation with immune cell infiltration in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unknown.

Methods: Gene expression data were extracted from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional correlation analysis was performed.

Association of Complement and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Diabetic Nephropathy.

Objective: To investigate the association between complement and inflammatory biomarkers with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Plasma and urinary complement and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in 115 T2DM patients assigned to one of two groups: with DN (n=48) and without DN (n=67).

Results: The plasma and urinary levels of C3a, C4d, C5a, sC5b-9 and MBL (mannan-binding lectin) were significantly higher in T2DM patients with DN compared to T2DM patients without DN.

Tim-3 aggravates podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by promoting macrophage activation via the NF-κB/TNF-α pathway.

Objective: Macrophage-mediated inflammation plays a significant role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Studies suggest that T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) has complicated roles in regulating macrophage activation, but its roles in the progression of DN are still completely unknown.

Protective effect of calcitriol on podocytes in spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Background: Hypertension is a major global public health issue. Uncontrolled hypertension leads to organ damage, especially renal damage. Calcitriol is used to treat osteoporosis, promote bone formation, and increase bone mass.

Oligomeganephronia: case report and literature review.

Introduction: Oligomeganephronia (OMN) is one of rare congenital kidney disease. The number of nephrons reduces and the volume of glomerulus increases. The incidence of OMN is uncertain because it is difficult to diagnose.

Correlation between endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background/aims: To investigate the role of endothelial dysfunction on left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease and to evaluate the correlation between endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling.

Methods: Seventy-three patients with chronic kidney disease as study-group and thirty healthy volunteers as control-group were enrolled in the present study. All patients in both groups had echocardiography examination.

Relationship between psychiatric disorders and quality of life in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychiatric disorders (anxiety and depression) and quality of life (QOL) in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: QOL was evaluated in a sample of 57 nondialysis patients with CKD using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire comprising 8 scales, including the physical component summary and mental component summary measures. Depression and anxiety were estimated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, respectively.