ERK inhibition aids IFN-β promoter activation during EV71 infection by blocking CRYAB degradation in SH-SY5Y cells.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) can cause severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease with neurological complications. It has evolved multiple mechanisms to compromise the host type I interferon (IFN-I) response. In neuronal cells, EV71-mediated IFN-I antagonism may be associated with neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (Nedd4L), the E3 ubiquitin ligase that can interact with alphaB-crystallin (CRYAB) in the regulation of Nav1.

Synaptic Loss in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Revealed by SV2A Positron Emission Tomography.

Background: Severe reduced synaptic density was observed in spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) in postmortem neuropathology, but in vivo assessment of synaptic loss remains challenging. OBJECTIVE SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 3: The objective of this study was to assess in vivo synaptic loss and its clinical correlates in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) patients by synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A)-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

Methods: We recruited 74 SCA3 individuals including preataxic and ataxic stages and divided into two cohorts.

The Potential Prognostic Value of Dual-Imaging PET Parameters Based on F-FDG and F-OC for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background: To identify parameters based on dual-imaging F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC) and 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for predicting the prognosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six patients (age: mean ± standard deviation (SD): 51.8 ± 11.

Individual Brain Metabolic Connectome Indicator Based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation Predicts Seizure Outcomes of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

We aimed to use an individual metabolic connectome method, the Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation (JSSE), to characterize the aberrant connectivity patterns and topological alterations of the individual-level brain metabolic connectome and predict the long-term surgical outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). A total of 128 patients with TLE (63 females, 65 males; 25.07 ± 12.

Machine Learning-Derived Multimodal Neuroimaging of Presurgical Target Area to Predict Individual's Seizure Outcomes After Epilepsy Surgery.

Half of the patients who have tailored resection of the suspected epileptogenic zone for drug-resistant epilepsy have recurrent postoperative seizures. Although neuroimaging has become an indispensable part of delineating the epileptogenic zone, no validated method uses neuroimaging of presurgical target area to predict an individual's post-surgery seizure outcome. We aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-powered approach incorporating multimodal neuroimaging of a presurgical target area to predict an individual's post-surgery seizure outcome in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Cortical abnormalities of synaptic vesicle protein 2A in focal cortical dysplasia type II identified in vivo with F-SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography imaging.

Purpose: The loss of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is well established as the major correlate of epileptogenesis in focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCD II), but this has not been directly tested in vivo. In this positron emission tomography (PET) study with the new tracer F-SynVesT-1, we evaluated SV2A abnormalities in patients with FCD II and compared the pattern to F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG).

Methods: Sixteen patients with proven FCD II and 16 healthy controls were recruited.

Prognostic Value of Volume-Based Parameters Measured by SSTR PET/CT in Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the value of the volume parameters based on somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-positron emission tomography (PET) in predicting the prognosis in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Web of Knowledge were searched from January 1990 to May 2021 for studies evaluating prognostic value of volume-based parameters of SSTR PET/CT in NETs. The terms used were "volume," "positron emission tomography," "neuroendocrine tumors," and "somatostatin receptor.

Biodistribution of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide in Different Organs and Characterization of Uptake in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Purpose: The aims of this study were threefold: [1] to describe the biodistribution of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC) in normal organs; [2] to evaluate the range of uptake of NEN and benign lesions using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV); and [3] to compare the difference in F-OC uptake among tumors of different grades.

Methods: This study included 162 patients (67 females and 95 males) who received F-OC positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), 128 of whom were diagnosed with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). The SUV and SUV of F-OC were measured in 21 normal anatomical structures.

Evaluation of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide for imaging neuroendocrine neoplasms: comparison with Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC) PET/CT compared with that of Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients (mean age: 52.65 years, range: 24-70 years) with biopsy-proven neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) were enrolled in this prospective study.

F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography metabolic pattern assessment in the brain of betel quid dependent individuals.

The primary objective of this study was to identify the metabolic pattern in the brains of betel quid dependent (BQD) individuals using F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography ( F-FDG-PET). A total of 42 individuals (16 BQD individuals and 26 healthy controls, HCs) enrolled at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of Xiangya Hospital underwent brain F-FDG-PET. Group comparisons using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were performed to identify the F-FDG-PET patterns.

Utility of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Octreotide PET/CT in the Localization of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia.

Context: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic disorder, usually caused by benign mesenchymal tumors that produce high levels of fibroblast growth factor 23. The only curative therapy is resection of the causative tumors.

Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (18F-OC) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in detecting TIO and its impact on patient management.

FDG-PET Profiles of Extratemporal Metabolism as a Predictor of Surgical Failure in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Metabolic abnormality in the extratemporal area on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is not an uncommon finding in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), however the correlation between extratemporal metabolic abnormalities and surgical long-term prognosis has not been fully elucidated. We aim to investigate FDG-PET extratemporal metabolic profiles predictive of failure in surgery for TLE patients. Eighty-two patients with unilateral TLE (48 female, 34 male; 25.

Residual Stress and Microstructure Characterization of 34CrMo4 Steel Modified by Shot Peening.

34CrMo4 steel is widely used for drill stem in oil exploration, because of its excellent properties, such as favorable hardenability, shock absorption, less tendency of temper brittleness, and eminent wear resistance. In this study, the main works are residual stress test and microstructure characterization of 34CrMo4 steel upon various shot peening treatments. The residual stress distribution with effect depth was studied upon the shot peening.

Clinical Application of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Octreotide PET/CT in Combination With 18F-FDG PET/CT for Imaging Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Objectives: The study is to evaluate biodistribution, dosimetry, safety, and clinical usefulness of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC) PET/CT in combination with F-FDG PET/CT for detection of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).

Methods: The biodistribution, dosimetry, and safety of F-OC were evaluated in 3 healthy volunteers. Twenty-two NEN patients underwent PET/CT at 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 3.

Effect of Plastic Deformation on Microstructure and Properties of 347 Austenite Steel.

A popular issue of recent scientific research is the surface modification induced by plastic deformation, such as ultrasonic shot peening (USP) on workpiece surface. USP is an efficient way to improve the mechanical behavior of specimens by inducing severe plastic deformation on their surface. Nevertheless, this surface treatment induced complex microstructural evolutions, such as grain refinement and phase transformation.

Impact of paranasal sinus invasion on advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy: the validity of advanced T stage of AJCC/UICC eighth edition staging system.

The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic role of paranasal sinus invasion in advanced NPC patients. Data of patients (n = 295) with advanced NPC (T3/T4N0-3 M0) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Staging was according to the AJCC/UICC eighth edition staging system.

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of Ni based soft magnetic alloy.

A Ni-based alloy was heat treated by changing the temperature and ambient atmosphere of the heat treatment. Morphology, crystal structure, and physical performance of the Ni-based alloy were characterized via SEM, XRD, TEM, and PPMS. Results show that due to the heat treatment process, the grain growth of the Ni-based alloy and the removal of impurities and defects are promoted.

Corrosion Properties of 34CrMo4 Steel Modified by Shot Peening.

A nanocrystalline layer was prepared on the surface of 34CrMo4 steel by time controlling shot peening (SP, i.e., 1, 5, 10, and 20 minutes).

Characterization of Surface Modification of 347 Stainless Steel upon Shot Peening.

Plastic deformations, such as those obtained by shot peening on specimen surface, are an efficient way to improve the mechanical behavior of metals. Generally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) are commonly used to observe the complex microstructural evolutions, such as grain refinement and phase transformation, induced by the surface treatment. In this work, the microstructure of 347 stainless steel, after ultrasonic shot peening (USP) treatments, was investigated.

Injectable and thermally contractible hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/FeO for magnetic hyperthermia ablation of tumors.

The development of efficient strategies for the magnetic hyperthermia ablation of tumors remains challenging. To overcome the significant safety limitations, we developed a thermally contractible, injectable and biodegradable material for the minimally invasive and highly efficient magnetic hyperthermia ablation of tumors. This material was composed of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and FeO.

Prognostic value and predictive threshold of tumor volume for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Background: Gross target volume of primary tumor (GTV-P) is very important for the prognosis prediction of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but it is unknown whether the same is true for locally advanced NPC patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). This study aimed to clarify the prognostic value of tumor volume for patient with locally advanced NPC receiving IMRT and to find a suitable cut-off value of GTV-P for prognosis prediction.

Methods: Clinical data of 358 patients with locally advanced NPC who received IMRT were reviewed.

Prognostic value of the distance between the primary tumor and brainstem in the patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Brainstem dose limitations influence radiation dose reaching to tumor in the patients with locally-advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the prognostic value of the distance between the primary tumor and brainstem (Dbs) in 358 patients with locally-advanced NPC after intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify the cut-off value to analyze the impact of Dbs on tumor dose coverage and prognosis.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome accompanied by severe skeletal abnormalities in two Chinese siblings: two case reports.

Introduction: Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare pediatric genetic syndrome with an incidence of one per eight million live births. The disorder is characterized by premature aging, generally leading to death due to myocardial infarction or stroke at approximately 13.4 years of age.

[Study of the anatomy related to cochlear implantation guided by HRCT].

Objective: In order to provide help for preoperative assessment of cochlear implantation, related dissection of temporal bone was conducted guided by high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) in accordance to the main steps of cochlear implantation, and was compared to HRCT measurements on a viewing workstation.

Method: Six temporal bones were dissected according to the main steps of cochlear implantation and scanned in axial and semilongitudal planes by HRCT to observe the relationship between anatomy and HRCT.

Result: The width of facial recess in dissection was (3.

[Surgical approaches and related microsurgical anatomy about suprameatal approach: new surgical approach for cochlear implantation].

Objective: To study a new surgical approach for cochlear implantation.

Method: We operated on 8 cadaver heads (16 side) use Suprameatal approach for cochlear implantation, describe related anatomic mark.

Result: The electrode is passed through the suprameatal tunnel, the EAC groove, the space underneath the chorda tympani between the malleal and the long process of the incus, and the cochleostomy.