Associations between sleep duration trajectories and risk of cardio-metabolic disease among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Background: The association of a single time-point measure of sleep duration with cardio-metabolic disease has been extensively studied, but few studies have focused on the impact of sleep duration trajectory. This study aims to model the sleep duration trajectory as predictors for the subsequent development of cardio-metabolic disease.

Methods: This study recruited a notably large population (n = 9883) of subjects aged at least 45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), who participated in sequential surveys conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018.

Knowledge atlas of white matter microstructure: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: White matter microstructure is valued for being an indicator of neural network integrity, which plays an indispensable role in the execution of advanced brain functions. Although the number of publications has increased in the past 10 years, no comprehensive analysis has yet been conducted of this field. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the research hotspots and trends in research on white matter microstructure using a bibliometric analysis of the related literature published from 2013 to 2022.

Research hotspots and trends on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: insights from bibliometric analysis.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, have drawn the attention of many researchers due to the relapsing courses and cumulative disability. A first bibliometric analysis of NMOSD was conducted to identify the research hotspots and emerging trends. Articles relevant to NMOSD published in the core collection of Web of Science were retrieved and analyzed through visualized analysis using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, focusing on annual publication trends, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords.

Heart rate variability is associated with cerebral small vessel disease in patients with diabetes.

Objective: Low heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, has been associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incident stroke. However, the relationship between HRV and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) showed contradictory results. We aimed to examine the relationship of HRV and total burden of CSVD and each of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of CSVD.

Prevalence and risk factors of stroke in China: a national serial cross-sectional study from 2003 to 2018.

Stroke imposes a substantial burden worldwide. With the rapid economic and lifestyle transition in China, trends of the prevalence of stroke across different geographic regions in China remain largely unknown. Capitalizing on the data in the National Health Services Surveys (NHSS), we assessed the prevalence and risk factors of stroke in China from 2003 to 2018.

Depletion of regulatory T cells exacerbates inflammatory responses after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice.

Vascular cognitive impairment is the second most common cause of dementia which can be induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been proven to provide beneficial effects in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but the roles of Tregs in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter damage have not been explored. In this study, Foxp3-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) mice treated with diphtheria toxin (DT) and wild type C57BL/6 mice treated with anti-CD25 antibody were subjected to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS).

Sleep duration, daytime napping, and risk of incident stroke: Nuances by metabolic syndrome from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Background And Purpose: The relationship between sleep duration and stroke are inconclusive in China, especially in those individuals with metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration and incident stroke in participants with metabolic syndrome or its specific components in China.

Materials And Methods: Data were taken from the 2011 and 2015 waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Abnormalities of retinal structure and microvasculature are associated with cerebral white matter hyperintensities.

Background And Purpose: Whilst retinal microvasculature represents cerebral small vessels, the retinal nerve fiber layer is the extended white matter of the brain. The aim was to investigate the correlation between changes in retina and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs).

Methods: Sixty-four candidates with WMHs received an optical coherence tomography angiography examination.

Apolipoprotein E 4 Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Rising studies indicate that the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is related to the susceptibility of ischemic stroke (IS). However, certain consensus is limited by the lack of a large sample size of researches. This meta-analysis was performed to explore the potential association between the APOE gene and IS.

Serum Cortisol Is Associated With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease-Related Brain Changes and Cognitive Impairment.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum cortisol, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) neuroimaging markers, and cognitive performance.

Methods: We recruited patients over 50 years old who attended our hospital for physical examination between November 2020 and July 2021. All participants were subject to brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), serum cortisol examination, and the Montreal cognitive function assessment (MoCA).

Recurrent Anti-AMPA Receptor Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor encephalitis is a relatively rare anti-neuronal surface antigen autoimmune encephalitis (LE). We described a case of a 47-year-old Chinese man having anti-AMPA receptor limbic encephalitis initially presented with cognitive decline, undetectable antibodies, and normal imaging findings in magnetic resonance image (MRI) and then developed into typical autoimmune limbic encephalitis a few months later with a course of multiple relapses. In addition, we found progressive brain atrophy in our case, which was a rare presentation of LE.

Digoxin Ameliorates Glymphatic Transport and Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion.

The glymphatic system plays a pivotal role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, arising from small vessel disease or carotid stenosis, results in cerebrometabolic disturbances ultimately manifesting in white matter injury and cognitive dysfunction. However, whether the glymphatic system serves as a potential therapeutic target for white matter injury and cognitive decline during hypoperfusion remains unknown.

Decreased blood CD4+ T lymphocyte helps predict cognitive impairment in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: ALS patients have changed peripheral immunity. It is unknown whether peripheral immunity is related to cognitive dysfunction in ALS patients.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and the cognitive status in ALS patients.

Dynamic changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in acute ischemic stroke and prognostic value.

Objective: To explore dynamic changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and the relationship with stroke severity and long-term outcomes.

Methods: A total of 96 consecutive patients with AIS and 28 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement alleviates depression-incident cognitive dysfunction by protecting the cerebrovascular and glymphatic systems.

Introduction: Depression, the most prevalent mood disorder, has high comorbidity with cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline. However, there is little understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in depression and its comorbid cerebrovascular damage and cognition impairment. Here, we tested the prediction that the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model would manifest in disturbed glymphatic function and that dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could ameliorate these deficits while alleviating the depression-associated cognitive decline.

Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease and Risk of Incidence of Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Cohort Studies.

Background Results of several longitudinal cohort studies suggested an association between cerebral small-vessel disease and depression. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore whether cerebral small-vessel disease imparts increased risk for incident depression. Methods and Results We searched prospective cohort studies relevant to the relationship between cerebral small-vessel disease and incident depression published through September 6, 2019, which yielded 16 cohort studies for meta-analysis based on the relative odds ratio (OR) calculated with fixed- and random-effect models.

Tamoxifen promotes white matter recovery and cognitive functions in male mice after chronic hypoperfusion.

Cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion are one of the major components of stroke pathology and closely associated with cognitive impairment. However, the repair and related pathophysiology of white matter after brain injury remains relatively elusive and underexplored. Successful neuroregeneration is a method for the potential treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

Deficiency of TREK-1 potassium channel exacerbates blood-brain barrier damage and neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating medical emergency with high mortality and severe neurological deficit. ICH-related poor outcomes are due to a combination of pathological processes that could be complicated by secondary insults. TWIK-related K+ channel 1 (TREK-1) is a two-pore-domain potassium channel that is highly expressed in the mammalian nervous system.

Molecular and clinical relationship between live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccination and childhood onset myasthenia gravis.

Objective: The incidence of childhood onset myasthenia gravis (CMG) in China is higher than that in other countries; however, the reasons for this are unclear.

Methods: We investigated the clinical and immunological profiles of CMG, and assessed the potential precipitating factors. For the mouse studies, the possible implication of vaccination in the pathogenesis was explored.

Endovascular thrombectomy versus medical treatment for large vessel occlusion stroke with mild symptoms: A meta-analysis.

It remains controversial as to whether mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is safer and more beneficial in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) presenting with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤ 8. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of the published data.We searched PubMed and Embase and pooled relevant data in the meta-analyses using fixed effects models.

Multiple cerebral gliomas mimicking central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases: A rare case with review of literature.

Rationale: Multiple cerebral gliomas (MCGs), usually classified into multifocal and multicentric subtypes, represent major diagnostic challenges as their clinical, radiologic, and pathohistological features are not uniform, often mimicking brain metastatic tumors or central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDD).

Patient Concerns: Here, we report a rare case of MCGs with isolated seizures and 4 lesions in the brain, that was initially misdiagnosed as IDD during treatment.

Diagnosis: The pathological diagnosis was astrocytoma, which was classified as a World Health Organization grade II glioma.

Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition provides multi-target therapeutic effects in rats after spinal cord injury.

Multiple players are involved in motor and sensory dysfunctions after spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, therapeutic approaches targeting these various players in the damage cascade hold considerable promise for the treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an endogenous key enzyme in the metabolic conversion and degradation of P450 eicosanoids called epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs).