Association of body mass and systemic immune-inflammation indices with endocrine therapy resistance in luminal breast cancers.

Objective: To explore correlations between body mass index (BMI), preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and endocrine therapy resistance, and evaluate BMI and SII as predictors of resistance, in patients with luminal breast cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with luminal breast cancer who underwent endocrine therapy at Hebei General Hospital. Relationships between BMI and SII subgroups, and clinicopathological parameters were analysed using χ-tests.

Expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) transplantation is hampered by the low number of stem cells per sample. To tackle this obstacle, several protocols for expansion of HSPCs in vitro are currently in development, such as the use of cytokine cocktails, coculture with mesenchymal stem cells as feeder cells, and cell culture in bioreactors. With the progress in the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating HSPCs maintenance and expansion, more recent approaches have involved transcription regulation, cell cycle regulation, telomerase regulation, and chromatin-modifying agents.