Accessing Azetidines through Magnesium-Mediated Nitrogen Group Transfer from Iminoiodinane to Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes.

Herein, we report a Lewis acid-mediated ring expansion of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) to substituted azetidines via nucleophilic nitrogen group transfer from readily accessible iminoiodinane. This protocol operates under mild, transition-metal-free conditions, and showcases excellent chemoselectivity, along with broad functional group tolerance. We report for the first time that challenging alkyl donor-acceptor cyclopropanes can undergo ring expansion leading to aliphatic azetidines without relying on external oxidants or precious transition-metal catalysts.

Synthesis and antitumor effects of novel betulinic acid derivatives bearing electrophilic moieties.

Betulinic acid (BA) is a kind of naturally occurring lupane pentacyclic triterpenoid, possessing various biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. Covalent inhibitors, characterized by electrophilic warheads that form covalent bonds with specific amino acid residues of target proteins, have garnered enormous attention in anticancer agent discovery over the past decade owing to their exceptional selectivity and efficacy. In this study, BA was structurally modified with electrophilic groups, and 23 derivatives of BA were synthesized.

CKAP4 in hepatocellular carcinoma: competitive RETREG1/FAM134B binding, reticulophagy regulation, and cancer progression.

RETREG1/FAM134B is known for its role as a reticulophagy receptor. Our previous study established that RETREG1 is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and contributes to disease progression by activating the AKT signaling pathway. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the elevated expression of RETREG1 in HCC remain unclear.

Utilization of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative, Advanced Metastatic, or Unresectable Gastric Cancer Under All Combined Positive Score Grading: Evaluation of Efficacy Based on Individual Patient Data Reconstruction and Secondary Analyses.

Purpose: The efficacy of several novel combinations of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand antibodies with chemotherapy, which have become the new standard first-line combination therapy with favorable outcomes, was still not certain in patients with different combined positive score (CPS) grades. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy or immunochemotherapy at different CPS grades, compared with chemotherapy.

Methods: Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve reconstruction was employed to assess the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with gastric cancer.

Integrating spatial-temporal features into prediction tasks: A novel method for identifying the potential water pollution area in large river basins.

Forecasting potential water pollution areas (PWPA) is essential for effective watershed management. However, there remains a limited understanding of the spatial-temporal features that influence water quality (WQ), and advanced technical methods for WQ forecasting. This study developed an integrated framework utilizing spatial-temporal graph convolution networks (STGCN) to enhance comprehension of the spatial-temporal features influencing WQ and to develop a practical module for integrating features into the WQ prediction.

Knockout of onecut2 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of tumor cells through SKP2-mediated p53 acetylation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Onecut2 (OC2) plays a vital regulatory role in tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. In this study, we report the regulatory role and specific molecular mechanism of OC2 in the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We found that OC2 knockout via the CRISPR/CAS9 system not only significantly inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of HCC cells but also significantly promoted apoptosis.

Effects of Virtual Reality Therapy for Patients With Breast Cancer During Chemotherapy: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Patients with breast cancer endure high levels of psychological and physical pain. Virtual reality (VR) may be an acceptable, safe intervention to alleviate the negative emotions and pain of patients with cancer.

Objective: We aimed to test the long-term effects of VR on psychological distress and quality of life (QOL) with traditional care in Chinese patients with breast cancer.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Gene Family in C Crops.

In plants, RopGEF-mediated ROP signaling is pivotal in cellular signaling pathways, including apical growth, pollen germination and perception, intercellular recognition, as well as in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we retrieved a total of 37 RopGEF members from three C Crops, of which 11 are from millet, 11 from sorghum, and 15 from maize. Based on their phylogenetic relationships and structural characteristics, all RopGEF members are classified into four subfamilies.

Comparison of a Supervised Home-Based Tele-Rehabilitation with Center-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Protocol for a Randomized Non-Inferiority Multicenter Study in Ningxia.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective intervention for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, fewer than 5% of eligible individuals receive pulmonary rehabilitation, largely due to limited by the accessibility of rehabilitation and difficulties associated with travel and transport. Supervised home-based tele-rehabilitation (SHTR) is an alternative model to center-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Associations between sleep duration trajectories and risk of cardio-metabolic disease among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Background: The association of a single time-point measure of sleep duration with cardio-metabolic disease has been extensively studied, but few studies have focused on the impact of sleep duration trajectory. This study aims to model the sleep duration trajectory as predictors for the subsequent development of cardio-metabolic disease.

Methods: This study recruited a notably large population (n = 9883) of subjects aged at least 45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), who participated in sequential surveys conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018.

Optimizing Acute Coronary Syndrome Patient Treatment: Leveraging Gated Transformer Models for Precise Risk Prediction and Management.

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a severe cardiovascular disease with globally rising incidence and mortality rates. Traditional risk assessment tools are widely used but are limited due to the complexity of the data.

Methods: This study introduces a gated Transformer model utilizing machine learning to analyze electronic health records (EHRs) for an enhanced prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in ACS patients.

Targeting ONECUT2 inhibits tumor angiogenesis via down-regulating ZKSCAN3/VEGFA.

OC-2 plays a vital role in tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis, but molecular mechanism how OC-2 regulates angiogenic factors is unclear. We found that OC-2 was highly expressed in HepG2, COLO, MCF-7, SKOV3 cells and rectum carcinoma tissues, and angiogenic factors levels were positively related to OC-2. Then OC-2 KD inhibited the tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis process in vitro and vivo.

Underestimated role of hydroxyl radicals for bromate formation in persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes.

In persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs), sulfate radicals (SO) have been recognized to play more important roles in inducing bromate (BrO) formation rather than hydroxyl radicals (HO) because of the stronger oxidation capacity of the former. However, this study reported an opposite result that HO indeed dominated the formation of bromate instead of SO. Quenching experiments were coupled with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection and chemical probe identification to elucidate the contributions of each radical species.

TMEM120B strengthens breast cancer cell stemness and accelerates chemotherapy resistance via β1-integrin/FAK-TAZ-mTOR signaling axis by binding to MYH9.

Background: Breast cancer stem cell (CSC) expansion results in tumor progression and chemoresistance; however, the modulation of CSC pluripotency remains unexplored. Transmembrane protein 120B (TMEM120B) is a newly discovered protein expressed in human tissues, especially in malignant tissues; however, its role in CSC expansion has not been studied. This study aimed to determine the role of TMEM120B in transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ)-mediated CSC expansion and chemotherapy resistance.

Preparation and identification of antioxidant peptides from Quasipaa spinosa skin through two-step enzymatic hydrolysis and molecular simulation.

Frog skin, a by-product of Quasipaa Spinosa farming, is rich in protein and potentially a valuable raw material for obtaining antioxidant peptides. This study used papain combined with acid protease to digest frog skin in a two-step enzymatic hydrolysis method. Based on a single factor and response surface experiments, experimental conditions were optimized, and the degree of hydrolysis was 30 %.

Multi-Feature Map Integrated Attention Model for Early Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Using Irregular Health Examination Records.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide chronic disease that is difficult to cure and causes a heavy social burden. Early prediction of T2D can effectively identify high-risk populations and facilitate earlier implementation of appropriate preventive interventions. Various early prediction models for T2D have been proposed.

Efficacy of an mHealth App to Support Patients' Self-Management of Hypertension: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hypertension is a significant global disease burden. Mobile health (mHealth) offers a promising means to provide patients with hypertension with easy access to health care services. Yet, its efficacy needs to be validated, especially in lower-income areas with a high-salt diet.

Advances and Perspectives in methods for identifying high platelet reactivity.

Antiplatelet therapy is the foundational treatment for the prevention and treatment of coronary and cerebrovascular ischemic events in patients with coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and transient ischemic attack (TIA). However, with more and more studies reporting an increased risk of thrombosis in some patients due to poor response to therapeutic agents, the selection of appropriate P2Y12 inhibitors has become a major challenge that needs to be addressed urgently. Currently, commonly used oral P2Y12 inhibitors include clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and prasugrel.

USP11 potentiates HGF/AKT signaling and drives metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

USP11 is a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family and plays a crucial role in tumor progression in various cancers. However, the precise mechanism by which USP11 promotes EMT and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the USP11 expression was dramatically upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines.

Ball-milled layer double hydroxide as persulfate activator for efficient degradation of organic: Alkaline sites-triggered non-radical mechanism.

Considerable efforts have been put into enhancing the activation performance of peroxydisulfate (PDS) by catalysts toward oxidative degradation of organic pollutants, while the oxidative selectivity is somehow overlooked. Here, we reported an enhanced non-radical oxidation pathway of PDS, activated by ball-milled Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide (BM-LDH), to reconcile the selectivity and reactivity. EPR and quenching experiments suggested that O dominated the oxidative pathway for phenol degradation without generating carcinogenic halide by-products.