Novel, Stable Catholyte for Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries: Symmetric Cell Study of Hydroquinones with High Accessible Capacity.

Owing to their broad range of redox potential, quinones/hydroquinones can be utilized for energy storage in redox flow batteries. In terms of stability, organic catholytes are more challenging than anolytes. The two-electron transfer feature adds value when building all-quinone flow battery systems.

Aqueous Solubility of Organic Compounds for Flow Battery Applications: Symmetry and Counter Ion Design to Avoid Low-Solubility Polymorphs.

Flow batteries can play an important role as energy storage media in future electricity grids. Organic compounds, based on abundant elements, are appealing alternatives as redox couples for redox flow batteries. The straightforward scalability, the independence of material sources, and the potentially attractive price motivate researchers to investigate this technological area.

Organic Redox Species in Aqueous Flow Batteries: Redox Potentials, Chemical Stability and Solubility.

Organic molecules are currently investigated as redox species for aqueous low-cost redox flow batteries (RFBs). The envisioned features of using organic redox species are low cost and increased flexibility with respect to tailoring redox potential and solubility from molecular engineering of side groups on the organic redox-active species. In this paper 33, mainly quinone-based, compounds are studied experimentially in terms of pH dependent redox potential, solubility and stability, combined with single cell battery RFB tests on selected redox pairs.

Drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase can be developed using homologous enzymes as surrogate targets.

3-Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may be a target for specific drugs against this pathogenic bacterium. We have expressed and purified Mtb IPMDH and determined its physicalchemical and enzymological properties. Size-exclusion chromatography and dynamic light scattering measurements (DLS) suggest a tetrameric structure for Mtb IPMDH, in contrast to the dimeric structure of most IPMDHs.

Middle ear gas pressure regulation: the relevance of mastoid obliteration.

Objectives: To establish a mathematical model of middle ear gas pressure regulation and to discuss potential implications for pathophysiology-oriented theoretical approach to middle ear surgery, with particular attention to mastoid obliteration.

Background: Numerous studies support that small mastoid volume is associated with cholesteatoma. Latest studies show that mastoid obliteration is an effective technique to lower the recurrence rate in these ears.

Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: a critical appraisal of design principles and proposed therapeutic utility.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tissue remodelling associated with various physiological and pathological processes, such as morphogenesis, angiogenesis, tissue repair, arthritis, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic inflammation and cancer metastasis. As a result, MMPs are considered to be viable drug targets in the therapy of these diseases. Despite the high therapeutic potential of MMP inhibitors (MMPIs), all clinical trials have failed to date, except for doxycycline for periodontal disease.

Pd(I) phosphine carbonyl and hydride complexes implicated in the palladium-catalyzed oxo process.

Reduction of compound "Pd(bcope)(OTf)2" [bcope = (c-C8H14-1,5)PCH2CH2P(c-C8H14-1,5); OTf = O3SCF3] with H2/CO yields a mixture of Pd(I) compounds [Pd2(bcope)2(CO)2](OTf)2 (1) and [Pd2(bcope)2(mu-CO)(mu-H)](OTf) (2), whereas reduction with H2 or Ph3SiH in the absence of CO leads to [Pd3(bcope)3(mu3-H)2](OTf)2 (3). Exposure of 3 to CO leads to 1 and 2. The structures of 1 and 3 have been determined by X-ray diffraction.

New electron-deficient chiral phosphines: (4R,5R)-1,3-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)perhydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphol-2-yl] substituted amines.

Three chiral electron-deficient phosphine ligands, [(4R,15R)-,3-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)perhydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphol-2-yl]diethylamine, C(12)H(20)F(6)N(3)O(4)PS(2), (IIIa), [(4R,5R)-1,3-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)perhydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphol-2-yl]dimethylamine, C(10)H(16)F(6)N(3)O(4)PS(2), (IIIb), and bis[(4R,5R)-1,3-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)perhydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphol-2-yl]methylamine, (IV), as the chloroform solvate, C(17)H(23)F(12)N(5)O(8)P(2)S(4).0.98CHCl(3), have been prepared from (1R,2R)-N,N'-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine and diethyl phosphoramidous dichloride, dimethyl phosphoramidous dichloride or methyl imidodiphosphorus tetrachloride.