Emerging spp. infections in Europe: characterization of human clinical isolates from German patients.

Bacteria of the genus are widely distributed in water bodies around the world. Some species have been identified as human pathogens causing intestinal and a variety of extraintestinal infections. In Germany, information on diseases caused by is rare, because infections are not notifiable in Germany.

Genomic dissection of provides insights into diversity and pathogenic potential.

Anthropogenic activities enhance the interconnection of human, animal, and environmental habitats and drive the evolution and inter-niche transmission of bacteria. Clear identification of emerging bacteria and pathogen control is therefore a public health priority. In 2015, the novel species was assigned, but due to the lack of appropriate detection and typing technologies, the One Health impact of this species is still being unraveled.

German coasts harbor non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae with clinical virulence gene profiles.

Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems. In rare cases, they can cause intestinal and extra-intestinal infections in human. This ability is associated with various virulence factors.

Identification of knowledge gaps in whole-genome sequence analysis of multi-resistant thermotolerant Campylobacter spp.

Background: Campylobacter spp. is the most frequent cause of bacterial food-borne gastroenteritis and a high priority antibiotic resistant bacterium according to the World Health Organization (WHO). European monitoring of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp.

Impact of wet-lab protocols on quality of whole-genome short-read sequences from foodborne microbial pathogens.

For successful elucidation of a food-borne infection chain, the availability of high-quality sequencing data from suspected microbial contaminants is a prerequisite. Commonly, those investigations are a joint effort undertaken by different laboratories and institutes. To analyze the extent of variability introduced by differing wet-lab procedures on the quality of the sequence data we conducted an interlaboratory study, involving four bacterial pathogens, which account for the majority of food-related bacterial infections: spp.

Genetic characterization of a multidrug-resistant serovar Agona isolated from a dietary supplement in Germany.

subsp. serovar Agona has a history of causing food-borne outbreaks and any emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates in novel food products is of concern. Particularly, in food products frequently consumed without sufficient heating prior to consumption.

Genetic and Phenotypic Virulence Potential of Non-O1/Non-O139 Isolated from German Retail Seafood.

Non-O1 and non-O139 (NOVC) can cause gastrointestinal infections in humans. Contaminated food, especially seafood, is an important source of human infections. In this study, the virulence potential of 63 NOVC strains isolated from retail seafood were characterized at the genotypic and phenotypic levels.

Exploring Long-Read Metagenomics for Full Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing in Presence of Commensal .

The characterization of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is necessary to assess their pathogenic potential, but isolation of the strain from complex matrices such as milk remains challenging. In previous work, we have shown the potential of long-read metagenomics to characterize -positive STEC from artificially contaminated raw milk without isolating the strain. The presence of multiple strains in the sample was shown to potentially hinder the correct characterization of the STEC strain.

Review: using rolled-up tubes for strain-tuning the optical properties of quantum emitters.

Rolled-up tubes based on released III-V heterostructures have been extensively studied and established as optical resonators in the last two decades. In this review, we discuss how light emitters (quantum wells and quantum dots) are influenced by the inherently asymmetric strain state of these tubes. Therefore, we briefly review whispering gallery mode resonators built from rolled-up III-V heterostructures.

Clonal relation between subspecies serovar Dublin strains of bovine and food origin in Germany.

subspecies serovar Dublin (. Dublin) is a host-adapted serovar causing enteritis and/or systemic diseases in cattle. As the serovar is not host-restricted, it may cause infections in other animals, including humans with severe illness and higher mortality rates than other non-typhoidal serovars.

A step forward for Shiga toxin-producing identification and characterization in raw milk using long-read metagenomics.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) are a cause of severe human illness and are frequently associated with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children. It remains difficult to identify virulence factors for STEC that absolutely predict the potential to cause human disease. In addition to the Shiga-toxin ( genes), many additional factors have been reported, such as intimin ( gene), which is clearly an aggravating factor for developing HUS.

Genomic Insights into the Mobilome and Resistome of Sentinel Microorganisms Originating from Farms of Two Different Swine Production Systems.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to public health due to long-term antimicrobial use (AMU), which promotes the bacterial acquisition of antimicrobial resistance determinants (ARDs). Within food-producing animals, organic and extensive Iberian swine production is based on sustainable and eco-friendly management systems, providing an excellent opportunity to evaluate how sustained differences in AMU impact the development and spread of AMR. Here, through a whole-genome sequencing approach, we provide an in-depth characterization of the resistome and mobilome and their interaction in 466 sentinel bacteria, namely, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Salmonella enterica subsp. Serovar Tennessee Strain from Tahini.

Salmonella sp. infections are associated with contaminated low-moisture foods (with high fat content) with increasing frequency. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp.

Complete Genome Sequence of an Aeromonas rivuli Strain Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Food.

Aeromonads can be associated with diseases in animals and humans. Knowledge regarding Aeromonas rivuli, a species recently discovered in creek water in Germany, is still fragmentary. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of Aeromonas rivuli strain 20-VB00005, which was recovered from ready-to-eat food.

Imaging the electrostatic landscape of unstrained self-assemble GaAs quantum dots.

Unstrained GaAs quantum dots are promising candidates for quantum information devices due to their optical properties, but their electronic properties have remained relatively unexplored until now. In this work, we systematically investigate the electronic structure and natural charging of GaAs quantum dots at room temperature using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). We observe a clear electrical signal from these structures demonstrating a lower surface potential in the middle of the dot.

Reconfiguration of Amorphous Complex Oxides: A Route to a Broad Range of Assembly Phenomena, Hybrid Materials, and Novel Functionalities.

Reconfiguration of amorphous complex oxides provides a readily controllable source of stress that can be leveraged in nanoscale assembly to access a broad range of 3D geometries and hybrid materials. An amorphous SrTiO layer on a Si:B/Si Ge :B heterostructure is reconfigured at the atomic scale upon heating, exhibiting a change in volume of ≈2% and accompanying biaxial stress. The Si:B/Si Ge :B bilayer is fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy, followed by sputter deposition of SrTiO at room temperature.

What WGS Reveals about subsp. in Wildlife in Germany.

The aim of this study was to gain an overview of the genetic diversity of found in wildlife in Germany. We were particularly interested in exploring whether wildlife acts as a reservoir of certain serovars/subtypes or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Moreover, we wanted to explore the potential of in spreading from wildlife to livestock and humans.

Comparative genomics of subsp. serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) reveals lineage-specific host adaptation of ST432.

Unlike most subsp. , which are predominantly associated with cold-blooded animals such as reptiles the serovar IIIb 61:k:1,5,(7) (termed SASd) is regarded as host-adapted to sheep. The bacterium is rarely associated with disease in humans but, nevertheless, SASd isolates are sporadically obtained from human clinical samples.

Decentralized Investigation of Bacterial Outbreaks Based on Hashed cgMLST.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based outbreak investigation has proven to be a valuable method for the surveillance of bacterial pathogens. Its utility has been successfully demonstrated using both gene-by-gene (cgMLST or wgMLST) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based approaches. Among the obstacles of implementing a WGS-based routine surveillance is the need for an exchange of large volumes of sequencing data, as well as a widespread reluctance to share sequence and metadata in public repositories, together with a lacking standardization of suitable bioinformatic tools and workflows.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Properties of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant, -Carrying Isolated from the German Food Chain in 2017.

Fluoroquinolones are the highest priority, critically important antimicrobial agents. Resistance development can occur via different mechanisms, with plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) being prevalent in the livestock and food area. Especially, genes, commonly located on mobile genetic elements, are major drivers for the spread of resistance determinants against fluoroquinolones.

Direct identification and molecular characterization of zoonotic hazards in raw milk by metagenomics using as a model pathogen.

Metagenomics is a valuable diagnostic tool for enhancing microbial food safety because (i) it enables the untargeted detection of pathogens, (ii) it is fast since primary isolation of micro-organisms is not required, and (iii) it has high discriminatory power allowing for a detailed molecular characterization of pathogens. For shotgun metagenomics, total nucleic acids (NAs) are isolated from complex samples such as foodstuff. Along with microbial NAs, high amounts of matrix NAs are extracted that might outcompete microbial NAs during next-generation sequencing and compromise sensitivity for the detection of low abundance micro-organisms.

Species-Specific Quality Control, Assembly and Contamination Detection in Microbial Isolate Sequences with AQUAMIS.

Sequencing of whole microbial genomes has become a standard procedure for cluster detection, source tracking, outbreak investigation and surveillance of many microorganisms. An increasing number of laboratories are currently in a transition phase from classical methods towards next generation sequencing, generating unprecedented amounts of data. Since the precision of downstream analyses depends significantly on the quality of raw data generated on the sequencing instrument, a comprehensive, meaningful primary quality control is indispensable.

Toward an Integrated Genome-Based Surveillance of in Germany.

Despite extensive monitoring programs and preventative measures, spp. continue to cause tens of thousands human infections per year, as well as many regional and international food-borne outbreaks, that are of great importance for public health and cause significant socio-economic costs. In Germany, salmonellosis is the second most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in humans and is associated with high hospitalization rates.

Complete and Circularized Genome Assembly of a Human Isolate of Vibrio navarrensis Biotype with MiSeq and MinION Sequence Data.

is a rare human pathogen. Strains of biotype were isolated from seawater of the Baltic Sea. Recently, a strain of this biotype was recovered from a human patient.