Traffic light optimization with low penetration rate vehicle trajectory data.

Traffic light optimization is known to be a cost-effective method for reducing congestion and energy consumption in urban areas without changing physical road infrastructure. However, due to the high installation and maintenance costs of vehicle detectors, most intersections are controlled by fixed-time traffic signals that are not regularly optimized. To alleviate traffic congestion at intersections, we present a large-scale traffic signal re-timing system that uses a small percentage of vehicle trajectories as the only input without reliance on any detectors.

Mycosis fungoides: management with topical nitrogen mustard.

The technique of treatment, response rate, freedom from relapse, survival, and complications of therapy in 123 patients treated with topical nitrogen mustard (HN2) for cutaneous mycosis fungoides (MF) at Stanford University Medical Center are reviewed. Patients were treated with HN2 in an aqueous or ointment base with equal efficacy. Response rates depended on the extent of skin involvement.

Immunohistology of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Evidence for their interrelationship with lymphomatoid papulosis.

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and pityriasis lichenoides chronica are idiopathic, papular eruptions that exhibit certain clinicopathologic similarities to each other and to lymphomatoid papulosis. In order to determine if these disorders are also similar immunologically, we studied the immunopathology of five biopsy specimens from three cases of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and three biopsy specimens from three cases of pityriasis lichenoides chronica. We then compared them to our prior immunohistologic study of nine cases of lymphomatoid papulosis.

Lymphomatoid papulosis expresses immunophenotypes associated with T cell lymphoma but not inflammation.

Twelve skin biopsy specimens of lymphomatoid papulosis from nine patients were studied immunohistologically. The large atypical cells morphologically resembled Reed-Sternberg cells in six cases and large cerebriform mononuclear cells in three cases. These cells expressed pan-T cell antigens (Leu-4 and/or Leu-5) and helper T cell antigen (Leu-3) in each case.

Woringer-Kolopp disease (pagetoid reticulosis). Four cases with histopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistologic observations.

Four patients had localized lesions of Woringer-Kolopp disease (pagetoid reticulosis). The clinical appearances and histopathologic features with light microscopy of the four cases were similar. However, electron microscopy in all four cases and enzyme histochemistry studies and immunophenotyping with monoclonal antibodies in three cases disclosed two subgroups of patients.

Malignant histiocytosis X. Report of a rapidly fatal case in an elderly man.

A 71-year-old white man developed an increasing number of 1-to-10 mm, erythematous nodules, many with central ulceration, most prominent on the head and trunk. Biopsy of a nodule showed infiltration of the dermis and epidermis by large cells with multilobulated nuclei and numerous mitoses. Electron microscopy showed that most tumor cells contained Langerhans' cell granules.

Ointment-based mechlorethamine treatment for mycosis fungoides.

The treatment of skin disease with topical mechlorethamine has been restricted because of the frequent development of contact dermatitis. A series of 43 patients with mycosis fungoides in Stages 1A (17), IB (22), II (2), and III (2) were treated with an ointment-based mechlorethamine, prepared by an anhydrous method. Complete clearing occurred in 26 patients over a 42-month evaluation period.

Granuloma faciale. Treatment with the argon laser.

Three patients with granuloma faciale were successfully treated by argon laser therapy. The intense blue-green laser light is readily absorbed by these inflammatory lesions, resulting in resolution of the clinical and microscopic abnormalities. There were no recurrences during follow-up periods of 23, 21, and 5 months, respectively.

Classification of chronic blepharitis.

Since last thoroughly evaluated over three decades ago, the clinical spectrum of chronic blepharitis has changed. The relative prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus alone or in combination with seborrheic blepharitis has decreased. The relative prevalence has increased of seborrheic blepharitis with or without associated excess meibomian secretions (meibomian seborrhea) or inflammation (meibomitis).

Subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma defined by expression of leu-1 and Ia.

Monoclonal antibodies were used to characterize immunohistologically the expression of cellular antigens in 25 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Although all cases expressed the Leu-2a-/Leu-3a+ immunophenotype characteristic of helper T cells, four subtypes were defined based on variable expression of Leu-1 and Ia. In individual patients, the immunophenotype was constant irrespective of body compartment sampled or interim therapy.

The treatment of mycosis fungoides with ointment-based mechlorethamine.

The use of topical mechlorethamine hydrochloride in the treatment of skin disease has been restricted because of the frequent development of contact dermatitis. A series of 24 patients with mycosis fungoides in stages 1A (eight patients), 1B (15 patients), and 2 (one patient) were treated with ointment-based mechlorethamine, prepared by an anhydrous method. This preparation was therapeutically effective.

A clinical screening program for topical chemotherapeutic drugs in psoriasis.

In this national, multicenter cooperative study, a standardized drug screening program was designed and evaluated to test the clinical effectiveness of 30 topically applied chemotherapeutic drugs to psoriasis. Appropriate concentrations and vehicles for topical administration were selected with regard to clinical testing consisted of a double-blind application of test agents to psoriatic plaques under occlusion daily for up to nine days. Drugs known to be topically active in psoriasis, eg, thiotepa, fluorouracil, and betamethasone valerate, were easily detected in the clinical protocol, confirming the validity of this topical drug screening program.

PUVA treatment of erythrodermic and plaque type mycosis fungoides.

Five patients with plaque type mycosis fungoides (MF) and five patients with erythrodermic MF responded favorably to oral psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA). The mean total UVA irradiation dose was less for erythrodermic than for plaque type MF, but the mean number of treatments to achieve clearing was greater in the erythrodermic patients. Histologic examination at clearing revealed persistence of an inflammatory infiltrate in the lower dermis in most cases.

Response of chronic psoriatic plaques to localized heating induced by ultrasound.

Since tumor regression occurs after hyperthermia, this modality was applied to lesions of psoriasis. A relatively uniform temperature and heat distribution within a lesion was induced using an ultrasound transducer operating at 5.265 MHz.

Epidermal synthesis of prostaglandins and their effect on levels of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'monophosphate.

Extracts of guinea-pig and human skin epidermis were analyzed for prostaglandins PGE1, E2, and F2alpha by radioimmunoassy, and found to contain a total of 62.0 (guinea pig) and 144.7 (human) ng/gm wet weight.

The treatment of psoriasis with azaribine.

An open study was made of 25 patients with severe, recalcitrant psoriasis treated with azaribine (6-azauridine triacetate). Most patients received 125 mg/kg/day for a period of 8 weeks. A good to excellent response with 60-100% clearing of lesions was observed in 14 patients and a fair response with 40-60% improvement in another 6 patients.