Photoautotrophic picoplankton of the Kara Sea in the middle of summer: Effect of first-year ice retreat on carbon and chlorophyll biomass and primary production.

The Arctic warming leads to a decline in sea-ice extent and thickness, rapid warming and freshening of the sea surface which impact the distribution of phytoplankton size composition. Picophytoplankton is an ecologically important component of Arctic pelagic marine ecosystems, and its role may be altered by global warming. In this study, the abundance and biomass, the chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and primary production (PP) of picophytoplankton, and its spatial and temporal distribution were investigated in the Kara Sea during the ice-melt season in July 2019.

Primary production in the bays of the novaya zemlya archipelago (Kara Sea) in the contrasting glacial and non-glacial environmental conditions.

Ongoing warming is leading to the accelerated shrinkage of glaciers located on Arctic islands. Consequently, the influence of glacial meltwater on phytoplankton primary production in Arctic bays becomes critically important in an era of warming. This work studies the spatiotemporal variation of primary production and chlorophyll a concentration in the bays along the eastern coast of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago.

Externalities in the wildland-urban interface: Private decisions, collective action, and results from wildfire simulation models for California.

Property damage from wildfires occurs from spread into built-up areas, the wildland-urban interface. Fire spread occurs as embers from one burning structure ignite neighboring ones-but mitigation reduces the chances that fire spreads. In this study, we use a simulation model with realistic parameters for a neighborhood in California to illustrate patterns of marginal benefit from mitigation.

Sex differences in emotional perception: Evidence from population of Tuvans (Southern Siberia).

Prior studies have reported that women outperform men in nonverbal communication, including the recognition of emotions through static facial expressions. In this experimental study, we investigated sex differences in the estimation of states of happiness, anger, fear, and disgust through static photographs using a two-culture approach. This study was conducted among the Tuvans and Mongolian people from Southern Siberia.

Draft Genome Sequences of 9 Actinobacteria from the Family Associated with Insect- and Nematode-Damaged Plants.

Draft genome sequences of 9 strains of known and putative new species of isolated from insect- and nematode-damaged plants were generated using Illumina technology. The data obtained will contribute to the development of the genome-based prokaryote taxonomy and the knowledge on the biology of the microbial group investigated.

[Surgical treatment of hypermature cataract in patients with lens subluxation and small pupil].

Unlabelled: Studying the possibilities of hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification in complicated situations is a relevant problem in cataract surgery.

Purpose: To develop a technique for hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification in patients with a combination of hypermature cataract, small pupil and lens subluxation.

Material And Methods: Hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification of hypermature cataracts was performed in 36 patients (36 eyes) aged 63 to 78 years with grade I-II lens subluxation in combination with small pupil.

Transformation from an easy-plane to an easy-axis antiferromagnetic structure in the mixed rare-earth ferroborates Pr x Y1-x Fe3(BO3)4: magnetic properties and crystal field calculations.

The magnetic structure of the mixed rare-earth system Pr x Y1-x Fe3(BO3)4 (x  =  0.75, 0.67, 0.

Diagnostic of laser-induced plasma using Abel inversion and radiation modeling.

A method based on matching synthetic and experimental emissivity spectra was applied to spatially resolved measurements of a laser-induced plasma ignited in argon at atmospheric pressure. The experimental emissivity spectra were obtained by Abel inversion of intensity spectra measured from a thin plasma slice perpendicular to the plasma axis. The synthetic spectra were iteratively calculated from an equilibrium model of plasma radiation that included free-free, free-bound, and bound-bound transitions.

Spectroscopic identification of reactive porphyrin motions.

Nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) reveals the vibrational dynamics of a Mössbauer probe nucleus. Here, (57)Fe NRVS measurements yield the complete spectrum of Fe vibrations in halide complexes of iron porphyrins. Iron porphine serves as a useful symmetric model for the more complex spectrum of asymmetric heme molecules that contribute to numerous essential biological processes.

Molecular orientation of asphaltenes and PAH model compounds in Langmuir-Blodgett films using sum frequency generation spectroscopy.

Asphaltenes are an important class of compounds in crude oil whose surface activity is important for establishing reservoir rock wettability which impacts reservoir drainage. While many phenomenological interfacial studies with crude oils and asphaltenes have been reported, there is very little known about the molecular level interactions between asphaltenes and mineral surfaces. In this study, we analyze Langmuir-Blodgett films of asphaltenes and related model compounds with sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy.

Temperature-dependent studies of NO recombination to heme and heme proteins.

The rebinding kinetics of NO to the heme iron of myoglobin (Mb) is investigated as a function of temperature. Below 200 K, the transition-state enthalpy barrier associated with the fastest (approximately 10 ps) recombination phase is found to be zero and a slower geminate phase (approximately 200 ps) reveals a small enthalpic barrier (approximately 3 +/- 1 kJ/mol). Both of the kinetic rates slow slightly in the myoglobin (Mb) samples above 200 K, suggesting that a small amount of protein relaxation takes place above the solvent glass transition.

Role of the impairment of oxidative metabolism in pathogenesis of lower urinary tract symptoms with benign prostatic hyperplasia and their treatment by alpha1-adrenoblocker alfuzosin.

The role of impairment of general oxidative and energy metabolism in pathogenesis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and their correction by (1-adrenoblocker alfuzosin was studied. One group of patients (N = 126) was examined by standard methods for determination of the severity of LUTS by IPSS and mean effective volume of urinary bladder (MEVUB). In the second group (N = 29) in addition to functional examinations, metabolic indicators in blood were measured: antioxidant activity (AOA) and succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDA).

Investigations of photolysis and rebinding kinetics in myoglobin using proximal ligand replacements.

We use laser flash photolysis and time-resolved Raman spectroscopy of CO-bound H93G myoglobin (Mb) mutants to study the influence of the proximal ligand on the CO rebinding kinetics. In H93G mutants, where the proximal linkage with the protein is eliminated and the heme can bind exogenous ligands (e.g.

Proximal and distal influences on ligand binding kinetics in microperoxidase and heme model compounds.

We use laser flash photolysis and time-resolved Raman spectroscopy of CO-bound heme complexes to study proximal and distal influences on ligand rebinding kinetics. We report kinetics of CO rebinding to microperoxidase (MP) and 2-methylimidazole ligated Fe protoporphyrin IX in the 10 ns to 10 ms time window. We also report CO rebinding kinetics of MP in the 150 fs to 140 ps time window.

Efficient operation of double-clad Yb3+-doped fiber lasers with a novel circular cladding geometry.

A highly efficient double-clad Yb3+-doped fiber laser with a novel cladding geometry is described. A round double-clad fiber with a small D-shaped hole for breaking a circular symmetry in a cladding combines the advantages of ease of manufacture and handling round fibers with efficient absorption of pump light. Fiber lasers with a double-D cladding shape and a D-hole cladding are compared.

Three-wavelength Raman fiber laser with reliable dynamic control.

We present a novel concept for a multiwavelength Raman fiber laser based on a chain of Raman cavities. This Raman laser has efficient power control for all generated wavelengths in a large dynamic range.

Measurements of the photodissociation quantum yields of MbNO and MbO(2) and the vibrational relaxation of the six-coordinate heme species.

The (t approximately 0) photodissociation quantum yields (Y(0)) of MbNO and MbO(2) are measured to be 50 +/- 5 and 28 +/- 6%, respectively, using MbCO (Y(0) = 100%) as a reference. When photolysis does not take place, we find that a significant portion of the photon energy contributes to heating of the residual six-coordinate heme (MbNO and MbO(2)). The time constant for vibrational relaxation of the six-coordinate ligand-bound heme is found to be close to 1 ps for both samples.

[Percutaneous laser-induced thermotherapy of nodular goiter].

Substantiation of use of laser radiation Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and diode (805 nm) for destruction of thyroid tissue was the purpose of this study based on experimental research of reparative and adaptive processes in thyroid gland. The influence of high-intensity laser radiation was studied in vivo in thyroid gland of 41 dogs. The optimal modes of laser radiation ensured focal destruction of thyroid gland without damage of surrounding organs were selected.

[Radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the benthos near the nuclear submarine "Komsomolets"].

We have analyzed the content of radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the benthofauna and deposits near the nuclear submarine "Komsomolets." Analysis was performed on the basis of the materials of the 31st (1993) and 36th (1995) voyages of R/V "Akademik Mstislav Keldysh" in correspondence with the system of monitoring the state of the abiotic and biotic situation near the nuclear submarine "Komsomolets" (Norwegian Sea). Whereas during the 33rd voyage of this vessel (1994) the content of these elements in the benthic animals at stations located close to the submarine somewhat exceeded the background level of radioactivity (Kuznetsov et al.

[Radionuclides in the Kara sea bottom sediments].

The contents and distribution of natural (214Pb, 214Bi, 228Ac, and 208Tl) and technogenic (90Sr, 137Cs, and 60Co) radionuclides in the Kara Sea bottom sediments was analyzed by using the materials collected by R/V "Pomor" (Murmansk Marine Biological Institute). In 1994, no high (critical) concentrations of technogenic radioisotopes were found in the sea sediments, while the spots (regions) of elevated 137Cs content found in 1984 were not confirmed in 1994. It was proposed that the main sources of entry of technogenic radionuclides in the sea sediments in the last years are the flow of the Ob'-Yenisei waters and container burials of radioactive waste in the sea, which appeared to have been markedly corroded.

[Radionuclides in the benthofauna in the region of the location of the Komsomolets atomic submarine (the Norwegian Sea)].

Analysis of the content of radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr in the benthofauna was carried out in the region of location of the nuclear submarine Komsomolets according to the materials of the 33rd voyage of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (1994). No significant excess of the technogenic activity over the natural radioactivity was found in all ecological (trophic) groups of bottom animals. At the same time the content of 90Sr in the fauna of stations closer to the submarine was higher than at more remote stations.

Deconvolution of C-phycocyanin beta-84 and beta-155 chromophore absorption and fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus.

Absorption and fluorescence spectra of the C-phycocyanin beta-subunit were quantitatively deconvoluted into component spectra of the beta-84 and beta-155 chromophores. The deconvolution procedure was based on a theoretical treatment of polarization properties. Four kinds of spectra (absorption, emission, emission polarization, and excitation polarization) measured on C-phycocyanin isolated from the cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus were used as the experimental data set.