Publications by authors named "Demewoz Kefale"

Article Synopsis
  • - Nearly 80% of hospital patients require peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) for medication and fluids, but there are significant issues surrounding their insertion and management, leading to potential adverse patient events.
  • - A study conducted in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia aimed to assess the practices of nurses and midwives regarding PIVC care, employing structured questionnaires and observational checklists with a sample of 415 healthcare professionals.
  • - Results indicated that only 4.9% of respondents displayed good practices in PIVC care, with factors like work experience, specialized training, and the presence of guidelines significantly improving care quality, highlighting the need for ongoing training and adherence to protocols.
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Objective: This study aimed to pool the prevalence of virological failure and associated factors.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Primary Outcome Measure: Prevalence of virological failure.

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Introduction: Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Under -treatment of pain continues to be a major health care problem in Ethiopia. Although it has this problem, it receives limited research attention.

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are still the two major deadly pandemics globally, causes 167,000 deaths in 2022. The two lethal combinations pose a substantial challenge to public health, especially in areas with high burden of both diseases such as Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, there is no study that showed national figure on mortality of TB/HIV co-infected patients.

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Background: Cervical cancer is the 4 most common cancer in women globally. Determining the prevalence of the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and low-risk (LR-HPV) genotypes and the distribution in abnormal cervical cytology will be essential in a future population-based cervical cancer prevention program.

Method: Primary studies with women with abnormal cervical cytology were systematically searched for in Medline, CINHAL, Google Scholar, African Journal Online, and the University of Antwerp repository from 19-30 May 2023.

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Article Synopsis
  • Despite the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in reducing opportunistic infections (OIs), these infections continue to seriously affect children with HIV, particularly in low and middle-income countries like Ethiopia.
  • This study focuses on examining the incidence and predictors of common OIs among HIV-infected children receiving ART in Bahir Dar City through a retrospective cohort study involving 403 participants.
  • The findings revealed an overall incidence rate of 7.06 OIs per 100 person-years, with significant risk factors identified such as advanced WHO clinical stages and poor adherence to ART.
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Introduction: Globally, about 45 million under-five children have suffered from wasting where Asian and African countries have the major share of these wasted children. Despite wasting is affected all types of populations, the long and short term effect is more severe and sensitive in under-two aged children. Hence, this review was intended to assess pooled prevalence and associated factors of wasting among under-two children in Ethiopia.

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Introduction: Child maltreatment is any type of abuse or child negligence which results the concrete or prospective hurt for those under age of eighteen. It is a global issue which severely endangered children's physical, emotional, behavioral, developmental and mental well-being for immediate and later in life. Although, its magnitude and devastating burden are difficult to comprehend, much remains to be done to know its prevalence and comprehensive impact.

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Background: Perinatal mortality is a global health problem, especially in Ethiopia, which has the highest perinatal mortality rate. Studies about perinatal mortality were conducted in Ethiopia, but which factors specifically contribute to the change in perinatal mortality across time is unknown.

Objectives: To assess the trend and multivariate decomposition of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia using EDHS 2005-2016.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Utilizing various academic databases, the study included 10 primary studies with a total of 1,709 stroke survivors to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with PSCI using a random-effects model.
  • * The study found a high pooled prevalence of 59.61% for PSCI among stroke survivors, with significant associations linked to older age, lower educational levels, poor functional recovery, and strokes affecting the left hemisphere of the brain.
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Background: Globally, Tuberculosis (TB) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality among infectious disease. TB and Human Immune Virus (HIV) are the two deadly pandemics which interconnected each other tragically, and jeopardize the lives of children; particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this review was aimed to determine the aggregated national pooled incidence of tuberculosis among HIV- infected children and its predictors in Ethiopia.

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Introduction: Hypertension is a major global public health problem. It currently affects more than 1.4 billion people worldwide, projected to increase to 1.

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Introduction: The increased prevalence of visual impairment among diabetes patients has become a major global public health problem. Although numerous primary studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factors among diabetes patients in Ethiopia, these studies presented inconsistent findings. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of visual impairment and identify associated factors among diabetes patients.

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Background: Undernutrition is the leading cause of mortality among children infected with HIV particularly in resource-deprived settings. Despite several studies were disclosed the effect of undernutrition on mortality of children living with HIV in Ethiopia, the findings were fragmented and inconclusive. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled effects of undernutrition on mortality of children infected with HIV in Ethiopia.

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Human immunodeficiency virus remains a global public health problem. Despite efforts to determine the prevalence of non-adherence to ART and its predictors in Ethiopia, various primary studies presented inconsistent findings. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of non-adherence to ART and identify its predictors.

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Background: Childhood abuse and neglect is defined as any intentional harm or mistreatment of a child that results in actual or potential harm to the child's health, survival and development. It has been linked to an increased risk of a wide range of serious short- and long-term medical and mental health problems. Although it is a complex societal issue, it receives limited research attention in the area.

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Background: Stunting is a major public health concern, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Globally, nearly 149 million under-five children are suffering from stunting. Despite it can occur in all age groups, the impact is more severe among children age less than 24 months as this period is critical time of very rapid growth and development.

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Introduction: Preterm birth remains the most significant clinical and public health encounter. Preterm infant outcomes pose key evidence for clinicians and policymakers and are extensively used to set clinical and policy verdicts to improve services. It is necessary to conduct the outcomes of neonates frequently, as it varies from place to place and even from time to time in a similar place.

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Background: Approximately 38.4 million adult people worldwide live with HIV, of which the majority live in Africa. In Ethiopia increasing the quality of life to HIV patients and preventing HIV transmission are challenging.

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Background: Epilepsy is the most common neurologic disorder which is further complicated by neurobehavioral co-morbidities, cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders, and social problems. However, assessments of cognitive status of epileptic patients are far too low during clinical visits. This calls for early neuropsychological assessment soon after the diagnosis of epilepsy for a better treatment plan and outcome for epileptic patients.

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Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a persisting public health challenge in Ethiopia. Timely intervention to neonatal morbidity and early neonatal care visit could reduce the burden of mortality. Studies related to home based postnatal care is limited in Ethiopia.

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Background: Anemia is one of the common hematological problems among HIV-infected children. It impairs physical functioning, affects the quality of life, increases HIV progression, and decreases survival of HIV-infected children. In Ethiopia, limited studies were conducted on the incidence and predictors of anemia among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

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