Transient asystole related to carbon dioxide embolism during transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach.

Background: Rarely, during the endoscopic thyroidectomy, carbon dioxide (CO ) embolism may occur.

Methods: Case 1: A 65-year-old female who was seen with prolonged fatigue and generalized bone pain was diagnosed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) based on her preoperative biochemical profile. Transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA) was planned.

Transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA) for primary hyperparathyroidism: Turkey's experience.

Aim: Parathyroid surgery has witnessed a significant evolution with the introduction of more efficacious preoperative localization imaging techniques and the use of rapid intraoperative parathormone assays. Parathyroid surgery can now be performed with the minimum of invasion. Through the adaptation of the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA), the technique has now been adopted for parathyroid surgery, known as the transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA).

Association between Tumor Size and Malignancy Risk in Hormonally Inactive Adrenal Incidentalomas.

Introduction Adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are adrenal masses that are discovered during radiological examinations conducted for other reasons. In this study, we focused on the pathological and radiological properties of nonfunctional AI(NFAI) and the association with malignancy risk in our clinical series. Methods A total of 186 patients underwent adrenalectomy between 2010 and 2017; of these, 76 (40.