[Clinical pharmacy and pharmacovigilance over a period of nine years in hospital].

Introduction: Underreporting is the main limit in any pharmacovigilance system relying on spontaneous notification. Available data emphasize that pharmacists report few adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in France.

Objective: To report how the integration of pharmacists in health care units contributes to reporting of ADRs and to study the validity of the reports.

[Compensatory hyperfunction in living kidney donors].

Renal transplantation using living donors still remains of interest, given the shortage of cadaveric donors. Using reference methods for measuring kidney function, we studied the adaptation to nephrectomy in 99 living donors. The glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow showed long lasting increase (by 40 and 33% respectively).

The hazards of chloroquine self prescription in west Africa.

We report a severe accidental chloroquine poisoning in a West African adult. This intoxication results from the widespread practice in Senegal of taking mild doses of chloroquine for a few days (i.e.

[Severe malaria in an African seasonal endemic area. Comparison of aspects in adults and children and prognostic value of cytokines].

Objectives: The present study was conducted in West Africa in a region where malaria exists as a seasonal endemic disease. The aim was to compare clinical and biological aspects of adult severe falciparum malaria with those found in children and to appreciate the role of cytokines a prognostic markers. Thirty-one patients fulfilling the WHO criteria of severe malaria were included.

[Effects of diazepam on mortality from acute chloroquine poisoning].

A retrospective study was carried out, over a twelve-year period, of all cases of acute chloroquine poisoning where more than 2 g of chloroquine had been taken. It included 386 patients; of these, 60 who had taken drugs other than chloroquine, and 17 who had ingested less than 1 g of the drug, were excluded. The remaining 309 patients were allocated to two groups: a "control group", consisting of the patients admitted between January 1973 and April 1980 (n = 146), and a "diazepam group", made up of those admitted from May 1980 to December 1989 (n = 163).

Treatment of severe tetanus by intrathecal injections of baclofen without artificial ventilation.

A study was conducted to evaluate repeated intrathecal injections of baclofen, without artificial ventilation, in the treatment of severe tetanus. Ten patients, 5 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 34 +/- 7 years, were included in the study. The dose of baclofen injected was 1000 micrograms between the ages of 16 and 55 years, 800 micrograms over the age of 55 years and 500 micrograms under the age of 16 years.

[Cerebral malaria in non-immune subjects. Current aspects in African endemic areas].

The current clinical and therapeutic aspects of cerebral malaria in non-immune adult subjects living in endemic areas of Africa were evaluated in 10 men (mean age: 40 +/- 11.4 years). On admission, 8 patients had fever, 3 were truly comatose with a Glasgow score of 7 or more.

[Failure of medical treatment with antihypertensive agents in a child with pheochromocytoma. Recovery after surgery].

Anaesthesia for removal of pheochromocytomas requires preoperative preparation of patients so as to normalize blood pressure. During operation, hypovolemia linked with the sudden fall of circulating catecholamines as well as hypertension during handling of the tumor are to be managed. A case of a 11 year child with pheochromocytoma is reported.

[Current aspects on cerebral malaria in the non-immune patient in African endemic areas].

The current clinical and therapeutic aspects of cerebral malaria in non-immune adult subjects living in endemic areas of Africa were evaluated in 10 men (mean age: 40 + or - 11, 4 years). On admission, 8 patients had fever, 3 were truly comatose with a Glasgow score of 7 or more. All had negative central venous pressure and only one was in a state of hyperkinetic shock.

[Preliminary study on the nutritional status of patients operated on for cancer of the digestive system: reflections apropos of the first 18 cases].

The authors undertook a preliminary study of two categories of patients to link morbidity and mortality to the nutritional condition of patients before and after surgery: the first group of patients were to be operated on for cancer; the second group was to act as a control group. For both groups, a study was made before and after surgery, of the nutritional condition of the patients and of progress, respectively. The findings revealed signs of de-nutrition in both groups and a distinct correlation between post-operation complications and the degree of de-nutrition.

[Treatment of severe tetanus by repeated intrathecal injections of baclofen].

A case of tétanos was treated through intrathecal injections of baclofen. This new technique was pioneered in Anglo-saxon countries and has made it possible in the present case to success fully treat a Mollaret's third-stage generalized tetanus, without a tracheotomy or controlled ventilation. Because of its simplicity low cost, this technique could be another way of treating African tetanus.