Automatic identification of the endangered hawksbill sea turtle behavior using deep learning and cross-species transfer learning.

The accelerometer, an onboard sensor, enables remote monitoring of animal posture and movement, allowing researchers to deduce behaviors. Despite the automated analysis capabilities provided by deep learning, data scarcity remains a challenge in ecology. We explored transfer learning to classify behaviors from acceleration data of critically endangered hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata).

The response of sea turtles to vocalizations opens new perspectives to reduce their bycatch.

Incidental capture of non-target species poses a pervasive threat to many marine species, with sometimes devastating consequences for both fisheries and conservation efforts. Because of the well-known importance of vocalizations in cetaceans, acoustic deterrents have been extensively used for these species. In contrast, acoustic communication for sea turtles has been considered negligible, and this question has been largely unexplored.

Organising access to Evidence-Based Medicine resources on the Web.

The continuing education is a challenge for health care professionals, considering the growing amount and variable quality of information in this field. In this context, we developed a method allowing clinicians to have a centralised access to the best current medical evidence supporting medical decision-making. Relevant data has been gathered according to the rules stated for Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and organised in a free-of-charge Web site, created by using common software applications.

[Recommendations for writing patient information statements].

With Evidence-Based Medicine, shared decision making is attracting considerable interest as a means by which patient preferences can be incorporated into clinical decisions. Patients cannot express informed preferences unless they are given sufficient and appropriate information, including a detailed explanation concerning their condition, the different therapeutic options and the likely outcomes with and without treatment. A patient education leaflet is a potentially powerful tool for communicating information to patients, who will be able to participate in the process of decision making.

[Atherosclerotic pathology of the aortic arch and cerebrovascular accidents].

Over the last 10 years, transoesophageal echocardiography has allowed the visualisation of the particularly frequent atheromatous involvement of the initial part of the aorta in patients suffering from cerebral as well as peripheral embolism. Recent studies have shown that atherosclerosis of the initial, precarotid, part of the aorta is both a marker of general as well as coronary atherosclerosis and an important, accident independent risk factor of recurrence of stroke. The therapy of these aortic lesions is still currently under debate and there are no published guidelines about this issue in the literature.

[Problem-based learning, description of a pedagogical method leading to evidence-based medicine].

Problem-Based Learning is an educational method which uses health care scenarios to provide a context for learning and to elaborate knowledge through discussion. Additional expectations are to stimulate critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and to develop clinical reasoning taking into account the patient's psychosocial environment and preferences, the economic requirements as well as the best evidence from biomedical research. Appearing at the end of the 60's, it has been adopted by 10% of medical schools world-wide.

[How to practically solve diagnostic or therapeutic problems in an EMB process?].

Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) can be defined as the use of best current evidence from clinical research in making decisions about the care of individual patients. It consists of a process of turning clinical problems into questions and then locating the best available evidence to answer them, critically appraising the evidence for its validity and usefulness, and applying the findings to clinical practice. The present article presents the EBM principles and their application to diagnostic and therapeutic questions.

[Selection of EBM resources on the internet].

To integrate Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) into practice, the physician has access to a number of resources on the Internet. They belong to two distinct groups: tools intended for EBM learning and EBM syntheses prepared by different international organizations. The present article presents the main EBM resources on the network and comments on them.

[Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: role of pathologic anatomy].

Duct cell adenocarcinoma is by far the most frequent neoplasm of the pancreas, accounting for about 80% of malignant tumors. In this report, we describe the main diagnostic pitfalls of this cancer in routine or frozen sections, as well as the help of immunohistology to make the differential diagnosis. We also discuss the potential interest of tumor markers for evaluating the prognosis of these tumors and provide information about the creation of a Web site (URL: http://www.

[Prognostic evaluation of human solid tumors by immunohistology].

The aim of this project is to evaluate the interest of new tumor markers in the most frequent solid tumors (breast, colon, prostatic cancers, ...

Detection of human papillomaviruses in paraffin-embedded biopsies of cervical intraepithelial lesions: analysis by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and the polymerase chain reaction.

One hundred and forty biopsies with an initial diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIL) were tested for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization using commercial biotinylated probes (Vira-Type in situ assay; Digene Diagnostics, Silver Spring, MD) or probes labeled with digoxigenin by the random primer technique. Immunohistochemistry was more inferior to the in situ hybridization method, with a detection rate of 14% (20/140) compared to 61% (86/140) for the in situ assay with the digoxigenin-labeled probes. Biotinylated probes proved to be slightly less sensitive than digoxigenin-labeled probes, with a detection rate of 53% (74/140).

Expression of c-erbB2, TGF-beta 1 and pS2 genes in primary human breast cancers.

The presence of c-erbB2, TGF-beta 1 and pS2 mRNAs was examined in primary breast tumours. The c-erbB2 mRNA was overexpressed in 34% of the tumours. There was a positive, statistically significant correlation between c-erbB2 gene overexpression and nodal status.

Stimulatory effect of oestradiol-17 beta and tamoxifen on gross cystic disease fluid protein 15,000 production and mRNA levels in T47D human breast cancer cells.

Oestradiol-17 beta and tamoxifen regulate the synthesis of a gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-15) in T47D human breast cancer cells. Dose-response curves of GCDFP-15 mRNA contents and GCDFP-15 levels in culture media and cells versus hormone or antihormone concentration have been established. Production of GCDFP-15 was increased by oestradiol-17 beta, tamoxifen and 4-OH tamoxifen.

Cellular events in radiation-induced lymphomagenesis.

Fractionated whole-body irradiation induces thymic lymphomas in most of treated C57Bl/Ka mice. The cellular events occurring during the latency period consist of the emergence of preleukaemic cells and of marked alterations to the T-cell lineage and the microenvironment within the thymus. The proportions of the various thymocyte subsets are modified, suggesting a blockage in the normal differentiation process.

Cellular aspects of the pathogenesis of radiation--induced thymic lymphomas in C57 BL mice (review).

Radiation-induced thymic lymphomas in C57Bl/Ka mice are interesting models for studying the successive steps of carcinogenesis. Irradiation initiates "preleukemic" cells, which are promoted to become neoplastic. Studies in mice in which lymphoma development is inhibited by a bone marrow transplantation after irradiation suggest that radiation--induced alterations to the T cell lineage, and particularly to thymic microenvironment, are critical for the promotion of preleukemic cells.

Radiation leukemia virus: a marker for the study of intrathymic T cell differentiation.

Radiation Leukemia Virus (RadLV) is a retrovirus, which displays a highly specific thymotropism; after inoculation into young C57 BL/Ka mice, active virus replication is observed only in thymocytes and thymic lymphomas develop in most treated mice. The specific interaction between RadLV and the thymus resides in the particular susceptibility to infection of the most immature cells involved in the intrathymic lymphoid differentiation pathway and of non lymphoid thymic stromal cells. Recent data obtained from 'in situ' hybridization studies for detection of viral transcripts yield more detailed informations on these intriguing interactions.