Publications by authors named "Delphine Haouzi"
Article Synopsis
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, like TCDD, may play a role in increasing female-specific cancers in Western countries, particularly affecting reproductive health.
- The study focused on how TCDD exposure alters the expression of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in KGN cells, examining both acute (3 hours) and chronic (72 hours) effects, and their implications for subsequent cell generations.
- Results showed that TCDD exposure led to a significant alteration in sncRNA expression, with a downregulation of sncRNAs associated with cell growth and proliferation, and an upregulation of those linked to cancer, suggesting the potential for TCDD to cause long-term cancer-promoting effects across generations.
Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2 could infect cells and tissues handled during ART is crucial for risk mitigation, especially during the implantation window when either endometrial biopsies are often practiced for endometrial receptivity assessment or embryo transfer is performed. To address this question, this review analyzed current knowledge of the field and retrospectively examined the gene expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2-associated receptors and proteases in a cohort of ART candidates using our previous Affymetrix microarray data. Human endometrial tissue under natural and controlled ovarian stimulation cycles and preimplantation embryos were analyzed.
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- * The results showed that the biphasic strategy led to significantly higher rates of total and usable blastocysts and an increased live birth rate.
- * Additionally, gene analysis indicated that the oxygen concentration influenced the expression of genes related to embryo development and implantation, suggesting a biological basis for the improved outcomes with the biphasic method.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzes the miRNome (microRNA profile) of endometrial samples during the implantation window to see if it can predict outcomes in Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) for patients with repeated implantation failures (RIF).
- - It involves a discovery cohort of 20 patients to identify various miRNAs associated with receptivity and outcomes like early miscarriage or live birth, followed by a validation cohort of 103 RIF patients to confirm findings with RT-qPCR.
- - Ultimately, four specific miRNAs are significantly linked to endometrial receptivity and implantation failure, suggesting that analyzing these profiles could help predict pregnancy success and enhance ART effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the effectiveness of customized embryo transfers (cET) based on a transcriptomic approach (Win-Test) for patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF), involving 217 participants.
- The Win-Test assessed the expression of 11 endometrial genes to determine the optimal receptivity window for embryo transfer, revealing that a significant majority (80%) of patients had receptivity timing that differed from the classical protocol.
- Results showed that pregnancy and live birth rates were significantly higher in the cET group (22.7% and 31.8%) compared to the control group (7.2% and 8.3%), suggesting cET based on Win-Test findings could enhance outcomes for patients with RIF.
Article Synopsis
- Repression of retrotransposons is crucial for maintaining genome integrity during the development of germ cells, regulated through epigenetic mechanisms.
- In mice, the inactivation of a histone-binding protein (Coprs), which is key for targeting protein arginine-methyltransferase (Prmt5) in testes, disrupts the transition of spermatogonia to spermatids.
- The study found that loss of Coprs led to changes in levels of Miwi proteins and pre-piRNAs, indicating its role in surveillance mechanisms that control genomic stability.
Article Synopsis
- In assisted reproduction, about 30% of failed embryo implantations happen because the lining of the uterus (called the endometrium) isn't ready to receive the embryo.
- Scientists studied specific proteins in the endometrium of women who could get pregnant to understand what makes it ready for implantation.
- They found that a protein called S100A10 is important for making the endometrium receptive, and when this protein isn't working well in women who can't get pregnant, it can lead to problems with the implantation process.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how an early increase in serum progesterone levels on the day of hCG administration affects endometrial gene expression in patients undergoing IVF.
- It was found that patients with elevated progesterone (>1.5 ng/mL) displayed a different gene expression shift from the prereceptive to the receptive stage of the endometrium, indicating faster endometrial maturation.
- Despite these changes in gene expression, the overall endometrial receptivity remained similar between patients with normal and elevated progesterone levels.
Article Synopsis
- Successful pregnancy relies on dynamic early embryonic development, particularly the trophoblast cell lineage, but there's limited molecular data on these processes.
- Researchers compared RNA transcripts from human trophectoderm (TE) cells at day 5 of blastocyst development with those from day 3 embryos, finding 2,196 TE-specific transcripts and 1,714 up-regulated in day 3 embryos, including key genes linked to TE functions and stemness.
- The study identifies important genes involved in processes like trophoblast invasion, chromatin remodeling, and steroid metabolism, which could be used as biomarkers for selecting viable embryos in fertility treatments.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how in vitro maturation (IVM) affects the gene expression in cumulus cells (CCs) associated with oocytes, comparing CCs from in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes at different stages of nuclear maturation.
- Researchers analyzed CCs from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normal responders, using microarray technology to reveal differences in gene expression profiles.
- Results show that IVM leads to down-regulation of genes important for cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation, suggesting that IVM may result in an incomplete maturation process and highlighting the need for improved IVM conditions.
Insights into human endometrial receptivity from transcriptomic and proteomic data.
Reprod Biomed Online
January 2012
Article Synopsis
- Understanding endometrial receptivity is essential in assisted reproductive technology since many implantation failures are linked to its abnormalities.
- Recent advancements in omics technologies have allowed researchers to identify molecular signatures and specific biomarkers that characterize a receptive endometrium.
- This review focuses on how analyzing gene and protein expression changes between different stages can lead to better strategies for assessing endometrial receptivity and understanding the impact of stimulation protocols on clinical outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the communication between oocytes and cumulus cells (CCs), which is essential for the oocyte's development and quality.
- Researchers analyzed the gene expression in human CCs from different stages of oocyte maturity using advanced microarray technology.
- The findings showed distinct gene expression patterns in CCs from mature oocytes, which could help predict oocyte quality and improve reproductive outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The trophoblast cell lineage, which forms part of the early embryo, differentiates during the blastocyst stage into the trophectoderm and inner cell mass.
- Research using advanced mRNA amplification techniques reveals that human trophectoderm expresses key genes like ABCG2, known for protecting the embryo from harmful substances, and a variety of Laminins.
- A network of 13 transcription factors essential for the trophectoderm's development was identified, and this regulatory circuitry can also be recreated in lab models of trophoblast differentiation.
Article Synopsis
- * BCL2 family proteins are key regulators of cell death and survival, with most research focusing on the opposing roles of BCL2 (survival) and BAX (pro-apoptotic), alongside new candidate genes linked to embryonic viability and apoptosis.
- * Understanding how BCL2 family proteins are distributed during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development could enhance fertility diagnostics and assisted reproductive technologies, particularly in cases of infertility linked to gene expression and protein distribution issues.
Most cancer cells use anaerobic-like glycolysis to generate energy instead of oxidative phosphorylation. They also avoid recognition by CTLs, which occurs primarily through decreasing the level of MHC class I (MHC-I) at the cell surface. We find that the two phenomena are linked; culture conditions that force respiration in leukemia cells upregulate MHC-I transcription and protein levels at the cell surface, whereas these decrease in cells forced to perform fermentation as well as in leukemia cells lacking a functional mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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- Scientists studied how human embryos develop in the first week and how this knowledge can help improve in vitro fertilization (IVF).
- They looked at many research articles and data about human eggs, embryos, and stem cells to see what genes were active during this time.
- Their findings showed that specific genes affect early development, and understanding these could help choose the best embryos for IVF without hurting them.
Article Synopsis
- Cellular differentiation in BMEL cells is influenced by both physical and chemical signals from their environment.
- BMEL cells retain their ability to proliferate while undifferentiated in monolayer culture but differentiate into distinct organoid types when placed in a 3D Matrigel environment.
- The differentiation pathway is regulated by TGF-beta signaling, which inhibits the development of hepatocyte characteristics while promoting other cellular fates.
Article Synopsis
- - Single-embryo transfer in IVF is becoming more common to lower the risks associated with multiple pregnancies, which can lead to health complications for both mothers and babies.
- - Traditionally, the best embryos for transfer are selected based on visual features, but newer technologies, including 'omics' sciences, offer more precise methods for assessing embryos' potential for implantation.
- - Research into the transcriptomic profile of cumulus cells, which support oocytes, is promising as it can non-invasively indicate the quality of embryos, potentially improving the success rates of IVF treatments.
Article Synopsis
- * Endometrial biopsies were taken from normal-responder patients during different stages of IVF, and gene expression was analyzed using DNA microarrays to assess receptivity changes.
- * Findings reveal that both GnRH protocols affect endometrial receptivity, with notable differences in chemokines and growth factors, and the GnRH antagonist protocol resembles natural cycle receptivity more closely than the GnRH agonist protocol.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates whether enhancing glutathione (GSH) levels can protect against liver damage induced by Jo2 anti-Fas antibody in mice.
- Mice fed a sulfur amino acid-enriched diet showed improved GSH levels and less liver damage compared to those on a normal diet, as the diet prevented several harmful biochemical reactions associated with liver cell death.
- The protective benefits of the enriched diet were lost when GSH levels dropped, but administering GSH monoethyl ester after Jo2 treatment also provided protection, indicating potential clinical relevance for preventing liver toxicity.
Article Synopsis
- * Murine hepatocytes cultured in a 3D Matrigel matrix formed organoids featuring organized structures and functional characteristics, like albumin secretion.
- * Upon stimulation of the hepatotoxic Fas/CD95 death receptor, these organoids showed increased apoptosis, contrasting with monolayer cultures that were protected due to enhanced NF-kappaB signaling.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how hepatitis C virus (HCV) manages to persist in the body by evading the immune system, particularly cell-mediated antiviral responses, using a specialized type of transgenic mice.
- The research found that these HCV(+ ) mice struggle to eliminate a related viral infection despite having normal T-cell responses due to a resistance to a key cell death pathway (Fas-mediated apoptosis) that cytotoxic T lymphocytes typically use to kill infected cells.
- This resistance is linked to lower levels of Bid, which is important for triggering apoptosis, suggesting that this evasion mechanism may not only help HCV to persist but also contribute to the potential development of liver cancer.
Article Synopsis
- The TAL-1 gene (or scl) is crucial for blood and vessel development in embryos and plays a role in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) in adults, especially in tumors.
- In vitro studies show that TAL-1 expression varies during angiogenesis, being low during initial cell migration and increasing during the creation of capillary-like structures.
- The research indicates that overexpression of wild-type TAL-1 enhances capillary formation and vascularization in mice, while a mutant version significantly impairs these processes, underscoring the gene's important role in endothelial cell behavior and blood vessel remodeling.
After several weeks of treatment, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increase in 50% of patients treated with tacrine for Alzheimer's disease. We looked for progressive effects on DNA to explain delayed toxicity. We first studied the in vitro effects of tacrine on DNA replication and topoisomerase-mediated DNA relaxation.
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