Corrosion Behavior and Surface Characterization of Medium-Entropy Alloy Under Different Media Conditions.

The corrosion characteristics and passive behavior of as-cast NiFeCoAl medium-entropy alloy (MEA) fabricated by the vacuum arc melting technique were investigated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl, 0.

Multiple Hyperbolic Dispersion Branches and Broadband Canalization in a Phonon-Polaritonic Heterostructure.

Hyperbolic polaritons in anisotropic crystals hold great promise for guiding the flow of light at deep-subwavelength scales. However, conventional hyperbolic dispersion with a single pair of symmetric branches inherently confines polaritons to propagate only within specific spatial directions. Here we demonstrate a multibranch in-plane hyperbolic dispersion in a phonon-polaritonic heterostructure composed of α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO) and 4H-silicon carbide (4H-SiC).

SPEMix: a lightweight method via superclass pseudo-label and efficient mixup for echocardiogram view classification.

Introduction: In clinical, the echocardiogram is the most widely used for diagnosing heart diseases. Different heart diseases are diagnosed based on different views of the echocardiogram images, so efficient echocardiogram view classification can help cardiologists diagnose heart disease rapidly. Echocardiogram view classification is mainly divided into supervised and semi-supervised methods.

Concurrent severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus outbreaks on multiple fox farms, China, 2023.

The role of farmed animals in the viral spillover from wild animals to humans is of growing importance. Between July and September of 2023 infectious disease outbreaks were reported on six Arctic fox () farms in Shandong and Liaoning provinces, China, which lasted for 2-3 months and resulted in tens to hundreds of fatalities per farm. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) was identified in tissue/organ and swab samples from all the 13 foxes collected from these farms.

The Characterization and Stability of Powdered Oil Loaded with β-Carotene Prepared from a Sodium Caseinate-Carrageenan Complex: The Effect of Vacuum Freeze-Drying and Spray-Drying.

β-carotene (BC) has various biological activities, such as anticancer properties, contributing to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, etc., while the poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its further development in the food industry. Therefore, how to effectively encapsulate this unstable substance has become a hot topic.

Dynamic control of mTORC1 facilitates bone healing in mice.

Bone healing requires well-orchestrated sequential actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Previous studies have demonstrated that the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a critical role in the metabolism of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. However, the role of mTORC1 in bone healing remains unclear.

Dietary nitrate maintains homeostasis of oxidative stress and gut microbiota to promote flap survival in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Background: Random-pattern skin flaps are commonly used to repair skin tissue defects in surgical tissue reconstruction. However, flap necrosis in the distal area due to ischemia injury is still challenging for its applications in plastic surgery. The complications of diabetes will further increase the risk of infection and necrosis.

Timing the first emergence and disappearance of global water scarcity.

Alleviating water scarcity is at the core of Sustainable Development Goal 6. Yet the timing of water scarcity in its onset and possible relief in different regions of the world due to climate change and changing human population dynamics remains poorly investigated. Here we assess the timing of the first emergence of water scarcity (FirstWS) and disappearance of water scarcity (EndWS), by using ensembles of simulations with six Global Hydrological Models under two representative concentration pathways (i.

Effect of Rice Bran Protein on the Foaming Properties and Foaming Characteristics of Rice Bran Protein-Sodium Caseinate and Rice Bran Protein Nanoparticles-Sodium Caseinate.

Rice bran, a byproduct of rice milling, comprises 12-14% protein. The foaming properties and associated mechanisms of the composite rice bran protein system were not well studied. In this study, a composite protein system composed of rice bran protein (RBP)-sodium caseinate (NaCas) and rice bran protein nanoparticles (RBPNs)-sodium caseinate (NaCas) was investigated.

Increased stress from compound drought and heat events on vegetation.

Compound drought and heat events (CDHEs), which are frequently occurring compound extreme climate events, have garnered considerable attention because of their detrimental effects on ecosystems. However, the intricacies of the spatial and temporal distributions of different durations of compound events, along with the variability in vegetation responses remain unclear. Here, we delineated the CDHEs based on meteorological observation data and investigated the spatial and temporal characteristics of CDHEs from 1993 to 2020 using the Theil-Sen trend test and Mann-Kendall nonparametric test.

Differences in the flavonoid composition of the leaves, fruits, and branches of mulberry are distinguished based on a plant metabolomics approach.

Mulberry is a common crop rich in flavonoids, and its leaves (ML), fruits (M), and branches (Ramulus Mori, RM) have medicinal value. In the present study, a total of 118 flavonoid metabolites (47 flavone, 23 flavonol, 16 flavonoid, 8 anthocyanins, 8 isoflavone, 14 flavanone, and 2 proanthocyanidins) and 12 polyphenols were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The most abundant in ML were 8--hexosyl-hesperetin -hexoside and astragalin, the most abundant in M were 8--hexosyl-hesperetin -hexoside and naringenin, and the most abundant in RM were cyanidin 3--galactoside and gallocatechin-gallocatechin.

Equal allocation, demand priority or negotiated allocation? How to allocate water resources in the Tigris and Euphrates River Basin efficiently.

The Tigris and Euphrates River Basin is an important water supply, but it suffers from water scarcity. It is necessary to carry out reasonable allocation of water resources in this region. Since water resources issues in this region are of multinational interest, international cooperative distribution efforts are needed.

Analysis on the control of the black tiger shrimp in the America from the perspective of international cooperation.

The invasive black tiger shrimp has caused serious ecological problems in the America. However, since it can be directly eaten or made into feed, it may be beneficial to other countries. In order to ensure ecological security, it is necessary to control the invasion of the black tiger shrimp through international cooperation.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomes Promote Survival of Random Flaps in Rats through Nrf2-mediated Antioxidative Stress.

Background:  Random flaps are the most used defect repair method for head and neck tumors and trauma plastic surgery. The distal part of the flap often undergoes oxidative stress (OS), ultimately leading to flap necrosis. Stem cells' exosomes exhibit potential effects related to anti-inflammatory, regenerative, and antioxidant properties.

Structuring restricted amorphous molecular chains in the reinforced cellulose film by uniaxial stretching.

The construction of the preferred orientation structure by stretching is an efficient strategy to fabricate high-performance cellulose film and it is still an open issue whether crystalline structure or amorphous molecular chain is the key factor in determining the enhanced mechanical performance. Herein, uniaxial stretching with constant width followed by drying in a stretching state was carried out to cellulose hydrogels with physical and chemical double cross-linking networks, achieving high-performance regenerated cellulose films (RCFs) with an impressive tensile strength of 154.5 MPa and an elastic modulus of 5.

Numerical analysis of MICP treated sand based on bio-chemo-hydro model.

Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) represents an environmentally friendly and innovative soil grouting technology. Involving intricate biochemical processes, it poses challenges for a thorough investigation of factors influencing microbial grouting effectiveness through experimentation alone. Consequently, A three-dimensional numerical model was developed to predict the permeability of bio-grouting in porous media.

Chondroitin sulphate modified MoS nanoenzyme with multifunctional activities for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Nano-MoS exhibit oxidoreductase-like activities, and has been shown to effectively eliminate excessive intracellular ROS and inhibit Aβ aggregation, thus demonstrating promising potential for anti-Alzheimer's disease (anti-AD) intervention. However, the low water dispersibility and high toxicity of nano-MoS limits its further application. In this study, we developed a chondroitin sulphate (CS)-modified MoS nanoenzyme (CS@MoS) by harnessing the excellent biocompatibility of CS and the exceptional activities of nano-MoS to explore its potential in anti-AD research.

Heat-triggered shape recovery, EMI shielding and flame retardant: A novel cellulose/M(OH)(OCH)@dopamine@Ag (M=Co, Ni) nanopaper for early fire alarm.

Fire alarm systems are essential for protecting lives and properties from fire hazards. However, most of the existing fire alarm nanopapers rely on the resistance reduction after heating, which requires direct contact with the flame. In this study, we present a novel fire alarm nanopaper (CMPA) based on heat-triggered shape recovery.

Hierarchically porous cellulose-based carbon aerogels with N-doped skeletons and encapsulated iron-based catalysts for efficient tetracycline catalytic degradation.

Three-dimensional interpenetrating and hierarchically porous carbon material is an efficient catalyst support in water remediation and it is still a daunting challenge to establish the relationship between hierarchically porous structure and catalytic degradation performance. Herein, a highly porous silica (SiO)/cellulose-based carbon aerogel with iron-based catalyst (FeO) was fabricated by in-situ synthesis, freeze-drying and pyrolysis, where the addition of SiO induced the hierarchically porous morphology and three-dimensional interpenetrating sheet-like network with nitrogen doping. The destruction of cellulose crystalline structure by SiO and the iron-catalyzed breakdown of glycosidic bonds synergistically facilitated the formation of electron-rich graphite-like carbon skeleton.

Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Embase from database inception to 19 August 2023.

Declining coupling between vegetation and drought over the past three decades.

Droughts have been implicated as the main driver behind recent vegetation die-off and are projected to drive greater mortality under future climate change. Understanding the coupling relationship between vegetation and drought has been of great global interest. Currently, the coupling relationship between vegetation and drought is mainly evaluated by correlation coefficients or regression slopes.

Emerging insights into inflammatory bowel disease from the intestinal microbiota perspective: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has caused severe health concerns worldwide. Studies on gut microbiota have provided new targets for preventing and treating IBD. Therefore, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the current status and evolution of gut microbiota and IBD studies.

OCT4 regulates WNT/β-catenin signaling and prevents mesoendoderm differentiation by repressing EOMES in porcine pluripotent stem cells.

The regulatory network between signaling pathways and transcription factors (TFs) is crucial for the maintenance of pluripotent stem cells. However, little is known about how the key TF OCT4 coordinates signaling pathways to regulate self-renewal and lineage differentiation of porcine pluripotent stem cells (pPSCs). Here, we explored the function of OCT4 in pPSCs by transcriptome and chromatin accessibility analysis.

Development of a prediction model for exercise tolerance decline in the exercise assessment of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention revascularization in the acute phase.

Background: Early cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) may predict the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, data from CPET to assess the exercise capacity of patients with AMI PCI are still scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of the CPET and assess the predictors and clinical influence of exercise capacity measured by CPET in patients with AMI within 1 week after PCI.