Comparison of Glenoid Dimensions Between 3D Computed Tomography and 3D Printing.

Introduction: Glenoid dimensions can be measured in vivo with various imaging methods including two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans. Printing of three-dimensional (3D) models of the glenoid using imaging data is feasible and can be used to better understand skeletal trauma and complex skeletal deformations such as glenoid bone loss in patients with shoulder instability. The purpose of this study was to compare measurements of glenoid dimensions on 3D CT scan reconstructed models and 3D printed models of the glenoid.

Intra-articular Hip Injection Using Anatomical and Radiological Landmarks Without the Use of Ultrasound or Radiological Guidance.

Introduction: Intra-articular hip injections are routinely performed under sonographic or fluoroscopic guidance in order to improve accuracy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and accuracy of a hip injection technique that does not require the use of fluoroscopic or ultrasound guidance and can be performed in the clinic. A combination of radiographic and anatomic landmarks was used in order to perform the hip injection, based on the use of simple hip radiographs.

The effect of vitamin D plus protein supplementation on sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: The exact effect of vitamin D supplementation, either as monotherapy or in combination with protein, on musculoskeletal health in patients with sarcopenia is currently unknown. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D alone or with protein supplementation on muscle strength, mass, and performance in this population.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline, Cochrane Central and Scopus databases, up to March 31, 2020.

Phase stability of Fe-5at%Cr and Fe-10at%Cr films under Fe ion irradiation.

This work is within the objective of understanding the effects caused to Fe-Cr alloys by fast Fe ion irradiation. As the penetration length of Fe ion is of the order of hundreds of nanometers, 70 nm Fe-5at%C and Fe-10at%Cr films were irradiated at room temperature with 490 keV Fe ions at increasing fluence corresponding to a maximum damage of 50 displacements per atom (dpa). In Fe-5at%Cr alloy the Cr solute concentration remains unaltered even after a damage of 50 dpa.

Broadband luminescence in defect-engineered electrochemically produced porous Si/ZnO nanostructures.

The fabrication, by an all electrochemical process, of porous Si/ZnO nanostructures with engineered structural defects, leading to strong and broadband deep level emission from ZnO, is presented. Such nanostructures are fabricated by a combination of metal-assisted chemical etching of Si and direct current electrodeposition of ZnO. It makes the whole fabrication process low-cost, compatible with Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor technology, scalable and easily industrialised.

Sarcopenic Dysphagia. A Narrative Review.

Sarcopenic dysphagia is described as difficulty swallowing due to generalized sarcopenia of skeletal muscles and thus swallowing muscles. It is a recently recognized condition. It draws attention due to its important complications.

Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Transaortic Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

We sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and transcatheter aortic valve replacement in two patients with porcelain aortas and lesions that could not be optimally treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients with aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease who are too high-risk for conventional surgical aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting due to comorbidities and porcelain aorta, and who do not have the appropriate anatomy for percutaneous coronary intervention should be considered for concomitant transcatheter aortic valve replacement and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. doi: 10.

Utility of Established Risk Models to Predict Surgical Mortality in Acute Type-A Aortic Dissection.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of 2 established risk models for surgical mortality in a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing repair of acute type-A aortic dissection.

Design: Retrospective analysis.

Setting: Single tertiary care hospital.

Transcatheter Aortic and Mitral Valve Implantation (TAMVI) in Native Rheumatic Valves.

A 68-year-old female with moderate to severe aortic stenosis and severe mitral stenosis, deemed too high risk for surgery (STS mortality risk = 12.3%) with a porcelain aorta, was successfully treated with a transcatheter aortic and mitral valve implantation (TAMVI) via a transapical approach. A 23 mm Sapien valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) was placed in the aortic position and a 29 mm inverted Sapien valve (Edwards Lifesciences) in the mitral position.

Myocardial Infarction Classification on Outcomes in Nonemergent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background: Although patients with ST elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs) are known to have worse outcomes than patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarctions (NSTEMIs), such differences are not well described in the subset of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing nonemergent coronary artery bypass grafting within 1 week after an STEMI versus NSTEMI.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days from an MI from 2008 to 2012.

Dose-dependent effects of intraoperative low volume red blood cell transfusions on postoperative outcomes in cardiac surgery patients.

Objective: To determine the incremental risk associated with each intraoperative red blood cell transfusion in cardiac surgery patients.

Design: Retrospective analysis on prospectively collected data.

Setting: Single tertiary care hospital.

Propensity-matched analysis of the effect of preoperative intraaortic balloon pump in coronary artery bypass grafting after recent acute myocardial infarction on postoperative outcomes.

Introduction: There is substantial variability in the preoperative use of intraaortic balloon pumps (IABPs) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting post myocardial infarction. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of preoperative IABPs on postsurgical outcomes in this subset of patients.

Methods: From 2007 to 2012, 877 patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass post myocardial infarction.

Impact of Preoperative Prealbumin on Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Preoperative malnutrition is increasingly prevalent in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Although prealbumin is a widely used indicator of nutrition status, its use in the preoperative assessment of patients undergoing cardiac surgery is not well defined. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of preoperative prealbumin levels on outcomes after cardiac surgery.

P2Y12 platelet function assay for assessment of bleeding risk in coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: The use of platelet function testing has been advocated to individualize the time needed between discontinuation of P2Y12 inhibitors and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, the use of specific point-of-care assays to predict bleeding risk in patients on P2Y12 inhibitors prior to CABG has not been fully validated.

Methods: From September 2012 to May 2013, 81 patients on P2Y12 inhibitors underwent isolated CABG.

Assessment of a mitral valve replacement skills trainer: a simplified, low-cost approach.

Objectives: Simulated mitral valve replacement may aid in the assessment of technical skills required for adequate performance in the operating room. We sought to design and assess a mitral valve replacement training station that is low-cost, nonperishable, portable, and reproducible as a first step in developing a mitral valve surgical skills curriculum.

Methods: Nineteen physicians (7 general surgery residents, 8 cardiothoracic surgery residents, and 4 attending cardiothoracic surgeons) underwent simulated mitral valve replacement testing.

Regional changes in coaptation geometry after reduction annuloplasty for functional mitral regurgitation.

Background: While it is known that band annuloplasty for functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) improves leaflet coaptation, the effect on regional coaptation geometry has not previously been well defined. We used three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) to analyze the regional effects of semirigid band annuloplasty on annular geometry and leaflet coaptation zones of patients with FMR.

Methods: Sixteen patients with severe FMR underwent a semirigid band annuloplasty.

Evolution of operative techniques and perfusion strategies for minimally invasive mitral valve repair.

Objective: Perfusion strategies and operative techniques for minimally invasive mitral valve repair have evolved over time. During the past decade, our institution's approach has progressed from a port access platform with femoral perfusion to predominantly a central aortic cannulation through a right anterior minithoracotomy incision. We analyzed this institutional experience to evaluate the impact of approach on patient outcomes.

Minimally invasive valve surgery with antegrade perfusion strategy is not associated with increased neurologic complications.

Background: A Society of Thoracic Surgeons' publication recently associated "minimally invasive" approaches with increased neurologic complications; this proposed association was questionable due to imprecise definitions. To critically reevaluate this issue, we reviewed a large minimally invasive valve experience with robust definitions.

Methods: From November 1995 to January 2007, 3,180 isolated, non-reoperative valve operations were performed; 1,452 (45.

Simulating video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a virtual reality cognitive task simulation.

Objective: Current video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery training models rely on animals or mannequins to teach procedural skills. These approaches lack inherent teaching/testing capability and are limited by cost, anatomic variations, and single use. In response, we hypothesized that video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery right upper lobe resection could be simulated in a virtual reality environment with commercial software.

Extended cardiac resection for obstructing pseudotumor due to Ormond disease.

A 60-year-old man presented with symptoms from an intracardiac mass. His medical history included retroperitoneal fibrosis (Ormond disease). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an obstructing bilobular mass in the right atrium, located at the caval junction and extending intramurally into the atria, septum, and right ventricle.

Analysis of the mitral coaptation zone in normal and functional regurgitant valves.

Background: Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is associated with leaflet displacement and tethering. Little is known about regional coaptation zones, including variations in coaptation length (CL) and contributions of anterior and posterior leaflets. Regional coaptation zones were analyzed in patients with normal mitral valves and with FMR.